Questions — OCR FP3 (182 questions)

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OCR FP3 2009 January Q2
5 marks Standard +0.3
2
  1. Express \(\frac { \sqrt { 3 } + \mathrm { i } } { \sqrt { 3 } - \mathrm { i } }\) in the form \(r \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { i } \theta }\), where \(r > 0\) and \(0 \leqslant \theta < 2 \pi\).
  2. Hence find the smallest positive value of \(n\) for which \(\left( \frac { \sqrt { 3 } + \mathrm { i } } { \sqrt { 3 } - \mathrm { i } } \right) ^ { n }\) is real and positive.
OCR FP3 2009 January Q3
6 marks Challenging +1.2
3 Two skew lines have equations $$\frac { x } { 2 } = \frac { y + 3 } { 1 } = \frac { z - 6 } { 3 } \quad \text { and } \quad \frac { x - 5 } { 3 } = \frac { y + 1 } { 1 } = \frac { z - 7 } { 5 } .$$
  1. Find the direction of the common perpendicular to the lines.
  2. Find the shortest distance between the lines.
OCR FP3 2009 January Q4
9 marks Standard +0.8
4 Find the general solution of the differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } } + 4 \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} x } + 5 y = 65 \sin 2 x$$
OCR FP3 2009 January Q5
9 marks Standard +0.8
5 The variables \(x\) and \(y\) are related by the differential equation $$x ^ { 3 } \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} x } = x y + x + 1 .$$
  1. Use the substitution \(y = u - \frac { 1 } { x }\), where \(u\) is a function of \(x\), to show that the differential equation may be written as $$x ^ { 2 } \frac { \mathrm {~d} u } { \mathrm {~d} x } = u .$$
  2. Hence find the general solution of the differential equation (A), giving your answer in the form \(y = \mathrm { f } ( x )\).
OCR FP3 2009 January Q6
13 marks Standard +0.8
6
[diagram]
The cuboid \(O A B C D E F G\) shown in the diagram has \(\overrightarrow { O A } = 4 \mathbf { i } , \overrightarrow { O C } = 2 \mathbf { j } , \overrightarrow { O D } = 3 \mathbf { k }\), and \(M\) is the mid-point of \(G F\).
  1. Find the equation of the plane \(A C G E\), giving your answer in the form \(\mathbf{r} \cdot \mathbf{n} = p\).
  2. The plane \(O E F C\) has equation \(\mathbf { r } \cdot ( 3 \mathbf { i } - 4 \mathbf { k } ) = 0\). Find the acute angle between the planes \(O E F C\) and \(A C G E\).
  3. The line \(A M\) meets the plane \(O E F C\) at the point \(W\). Find the ratio \(A W : W M\).
OCR FP3 2009 January Q7
13 marks Standard +0.3
7
  1. The operation \(*\) is defined by \(x * y = x + y - a\), where \(x\) and \(y\) are real numbers and \(a\) is a real constant.
    1. Prove that the set of real numbers, together with the operation \(*\), forms a group.
    2. State, with a reason, whether the group is commutative.
    3. Prove that there are no elements of order 2.
    4. The operation \(\circ\) is defined by \(x \circ y = x + y - 5\), where \(x\) and \(y\) are positive real numbers. By giving a numerical example in each case, show that two of the basic group properties are not necessarily satisfied.
OCR FP3 2009 January Q8
12 marks Challenging +1.3
8
  1. By expressing \(\sin \theta\) in terms of \(\mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { i } \theta }\) and \(\mathrm { e } ^ { - \mathrm { i } \theta }\), show that $$\sin ^ { 6 } \theta \equiv - \frac { 1 } { 32 } ( \cos 6 \theta - 6 \cos 4 \theta + 15 \cos 2 \theta - 10 )$$
  2. Replace \(\theta\) by ( \(\frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi - \theta\) ) in the identity in part (i) to obtain a similar identity for \(\cos ^ { 6 } \theta\).
  3. Hence find the exact value of \(\int _ { 0 } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 4 } \pi } \left( \sin ^ { 6 } \theta - \cos ^ { 6 } \theta \right) \mathrm { d } \theta\).
OCR FP3 2012 January Q1
7 marks Standard +0.3
1 The variables \(x\) and \(y\) are related by the differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x } = \frac { 2 x ^ { 2 } + y ^ { 2 } } { x y } .$$
  1. Use the substitution \(y = u x\), where \(u\) is a function of \(x\), to obtain the differential equation $$x \frac { \mathrm {~d} u } { \mathrm {~d} x } = \frac { 2 } { u } .$$
  2. Hence find the general solution of the differential equation (A), giving your answer in the form \(y ^ { 2 } = \mathrm { f } ( x )\).
OCR FP3 2012 January Q2
7 marks Standard +0.8
2
  1. Show that \(\left( z ^ { n } - \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { i } \theta } \right) \left( z ^ { n } - \mathrm { e } ^ { - \mathrm { i } \theta } \right) \equiv z ^ { 2 n } - ( 2 \cos \theta ) z ^ { n } + 1\).
  2. Express \(z ^ { 4 } - z ^ { 2 } + 1\) as the product of four factors of the form \(\left( z - e ^ { \mathrm { i } \alpha } \right)\), where \(0 \leqslant \alpha < 2 \pi\).
OCR FP3 2012 January Q3
7 marks Challenging +1.2
3 A multiplicative group contains the distinct elements \(e , x\) and \(y\), where \(e\) is the identity.
  1. Prove that \(x ^ { - 1 } y ^ { - 1 } = ( y x ) ^ { - 1 }\).
  2. Given that \(x ^ { n } y ^ { n } = ( x y ) ^ { n }\) for some integer \(n \geqslant 2\), prove that \(x ^ { n - 1 } y ^ { n - 1 } = ( y x ) ^ { n - 1 }\).
  3. If \(x ^ { n - 1 } y ^ { n - 1 } = ( y x ) ^ { n - 1 }\), does it follow that \(x ^ { n } y ^ { n } = ( x y ) ^ { n }\) ? Give a reason for your answer.
OCR FP3 2012 January Q4
10 marks Standard +0.3
4 The line \(l\) has equations \(\frac { x - 1 } { 2 } = \frac { y - 1 } { 3 } = \frac { z + 1 } { 2 }\) and the point \(A\) is ( \(7,3,7\) ). \(M\) is the point where the perpendicular from \(A\) meets \(l\).
  1. Find, in either order, the coordinates of \(M\) and the perpendicular distance from \(A\) to \(l\).
  2. Find the coordinates of the point \(B\) on \(A M\) such that \(\overrightarrow { A B } = 3 \overrightarrow { B M }\).
OCR FP3 2012 January Q5
11 marks Challenging +1.3
5 The variables \(x\) and \(y\) satisfy the differential equation $$2 \frac { \mathrm {~d} ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } } + 3 \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} x } - 2 y = 5 \mathrm { e } ^ { - 2 x }$$
  1. Find the complementary function of the differential equation.
  2. Given that there is a particular integral of the form \(y = p x \mathrm { e } ^ { - 2 x }\), find the constant \(p\).
  3. Find the solution of the equation for which \(y = 0\) and \(\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x } = 4\) when \(x = 0\).
OCR FP3 2012 January Q6
9 marks Standard +0.3
6 The plane \(\Pi\) has equation \(\mathbf { r } = \left( \begin{array} { l } 1 \\ 6 \\ 7 \end{array} \right) + \lambda \left( \begin{array} { r } 2 \\ - 1 \\ - 1 \end{array} \right) + \mu \left( \begin{array} { r } 2 \\ - 3 \\ - 5 \end{array} \right)\) and the line \(l\) has equation \(\mathbf { r } = \left( \begin{array} { l } 7 \\ 4 \\ 1 \end{array} \right) + t \left( \begin{array} { r } 3 \\ 0 \\ - 1 \end{array} \right)\).
  1. Express the equation of \(\Pi\) in the form r.n \(= p\).
  2. Find the point of intersection of \(l\) and \(\Pi\).
  3. The equation of \(\Pi\) may be expressed in the form \(\mathbf { r } = \left( \begin{array} { l } 1 \\ 6 \\ 7 \end{array} \right) + \lambda \left( \begin{array} { r } 2 \\ - 1 \\ - 1 \end{array} \right) + \mu \mathbf { c }\), where \(\mathbf { c }\) is perpendicular to \(\left( \begin{array} { r } 2 \\ - 1 \\ - 1 \end{array} \right)\). Find \(\mathbf { c }\).
OCR FP3 2012 January Q7
9 marks Challenging +1.8
7 The set \(M\) consists of the six matrices \(\left( \begin{array} { l l } 1 & 0 \\ n & 1 \end{array} \right)\), where \(n \in \{ 0,1,2,3,4,5 \}\). It is given that \(M\) forms a group ( \(M , \times\) ) under matrix multiplication, with numerical addition and multiplication both being carried out modulo 6 .
  1. Determine whether ( \(M , \times\) ) is a commutative group, justifying your answer.
  2. Write down the identity element of the group and find the inverse of \(\left( \begin{array} { l l } 1 & 0 \\ 2 & 1 \end{array} \right)\).
  3. State the order of \(\left( \begin{array} { l l } 1 & 0 \\ 3 & 1 \end{array} \right)\) and give a reason why \(( M , \times )\) has no subgroup of order 4.
  4. The multiplicative group \(G\) has order 6. All the elements of \(G\), apart from the identity, have order 2 or 3 . Determine whether \(G\) is isomorphic to ( \(M , \times\) ), justifying your answer.
OCR FP3 2012 January Q8
12 marks Challenging +1.3
8
  1. Use de Moivre's theorem to prove that $$\tan 5 \theta \equiv \frac { 5 \tan \theta - 10 \tan ^ { 3 } \theta + \tan ^ { 5 } \theta } { 1 - 10 \tan ^ { 2 } \theta + 5 \tan ^ { 4 } \theta } .$$
  2. Solve the equation \(\tan 5 \theta = 1\), for \(0 \leqslant \theta < \pi\).
  3. Show that the roots of the equation $$t ^ { 4 } - 4 t ^ { 3 } - 14 t ^ { 2 } - 4 t + 1 = 0$$ may be expressed in the form \(\tan \alpha\), stating the exact values of \(\alpha\), where \(0 \leqslant \alpha < \pi\). \section*{THERE ARE NO QUESTIONS WRITTEN ON THIS PAGE}
OCR FP3 2013 January Q1
7 marks Standard +0.3
1 Two planes have equations $$x + 2 y + 5 z = 12 \text { and } 2 x - y + 3 z = 5$$
  1. Find the acute angle between the planes.
  2. Find a vector equation of the line of intersection of the planes.
OCR FP3 2013 January Q2
6 marks Standard +0.8
2 The elements of a group \(G\) are the complex numbers \(a + b \mathrm { i }\) where \(a , b \in \{ 0,1,2,3,4 \}\). These elements are combined under the operation of addition modulo 5 .
  1. State the identity element and the order of \(G\).
  2. Write down the inverse of \(2 + 4 \mathrm { i }\).
  3. Show that every non-zero element of \(G\) has order 5 .
OCR FP3 2013 January Q3
8 marks Standard +0.8
3 Solve the differential equation \(x \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} x } - 3 y = x ^ { 4 } \mathrm { e } ^ { 2 x }\) for \(y\) in terms of \(x\), given that \(y = 0\) when \(x = 1\).
OCR FP3 2013 January Q4
7 marks Standard +0.8
4 The lines \(l _ { 1 }\) and \(l _ { 2 }\) have equations $$\mathbf { r } = \left( \begin{array} { l } 1 \\ 2 \\ 1 \end{array} \right) + \lambda \left( \begin{array} { r } 2 \\ 3 \\ - 1 \end{array} \right) \text { and } \mathbf { r } = \left( \begin{array} { l } 3 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{array} \right) + \mu \left( \begin{array} { r } 4 \\ - 1 \\ - 1 \end{array} \right)$$ respectively.
  1. Find the shortest distance between the lines.
  2. Find a cartesian equation of the plane which contains \(l _ { 1 }\) and which is parallel to \(l _ { 2 }\).
OCR FP3 2013 January Q5
7 marks Challenging +1.2
5
  1. Solve the equation \(z ^ { 5 } = 1\), giving your answers in polar form.
  2. Hence, by considering the equation \(( z + 1 ) ^ { 5 } = z ^ { 5 }\), show that the roots of $$5 z ^ { 4 } + 10 z ^ { 3 } + 10 z ^ { 2 } + 5 z + 1 = 0$$ can be expressed in the form \(\frac { 1 } { \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { i } \theta } - 1 }\), stating the values of \(\theta\).
OCR FP3 2013 January Q6
11 marks Challenging +1.8
6 The differential equation \(\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } } + 4 y = \sin k x\) is to be solved, where \(k\) is a constant.
  1. In the case \(k = 2\), by using a particular integral of the form \(a x \cos 2 x + b x \sin 2 x\), find the general solution.
  2. Describe briefly the behaviour of \(y\) when \(x \rightarrow \infty\).
  3. In the case \(k \neq 2\), explain whether \(y\) would exhibit the same behaviour as in part (ii) when \(x \rightarrow \infty\).
OCR FP3 2013 January Q7
12 marks Challenging +1.2
7 Let \(S = \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { i } \theta } + \mathrm { e } ^ { 2 \mathrm { i } \theta } + \mathrm { e } ^ { 3 \mathrm { i } \theta } + \ldots + \mathrm { e } ^ { 10 \mathrm { i } \theta }\).
  1. (a) Show that, for \(\theta \neq 2 n \pi\), where \(n\) is an integer, $$S = \frac { \mathrm { e } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } \mathrm { i } \theta } \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { 10 \mathrm { i } \theta } - 1 \right) } { 2 \mathrm { i } \sin \left( \frac { 1 } { 2 } \theta \right) }$$ (b) State the value of \(S\) for \(\theta = 2 n \pi\), where \(n\) is an integer.
  2. Hence show that, for \(\theta \neq 2 n \pi\), where \(n\) is an integer, $$\cos \theta + \cos 2 \theta + \cos 3 \theta + \ldots + \cos 10 \theta = \frac { \sin \left( \frac { 21 } { 2 } \theta \right) } { 2 \sin \left( \frac { 1 } { 2 } \theta \right) } - \frac { 1 } { 2 }$$
  3. Hence show that \(\theta = \frac { 1 } { 11 } \pi\) is a root of \(\cos \theta + \cos 2 \theta + \cos 3 \theta + \ldots + \cos 10 \theta = 0\) and find another root in the interval \(0 < \theta < \frac { 1 } { 4 } \pi\).
OCR FP3 2013 January Q8
14 marks Challenging +1.8
8 A multiplicative group \(H\) has the elements \(\left\{ e , a , a ^ { 2 } , a ^ { 3 } , w , a w , a ^ { 2 } w , a ^ { 3 } w \right\}\) where \(e\) is the identity, elements \(a\) and \(w\) have orders 4 and 2 respectively and \(w a = a ^ { 3 } w\).
  1. Show that \(w a ^ { 2 } = a ^ { 2 } w\) and also that \(w a ^ { 3 } = a w\).
  2. Hence show that each of \(a w , a ^ { 2 } w\) and \(a ^ { 3 } w\) has order 2 .
  3. Find two non-cyclic subgroups of \(H\) of order 4, and show that they are not cyclic.
OCR FP3 2012 June Q1
4 marks Standard +0.8
1 The plane \(p\) has equation \(\mathbf { r } . ( \mathbf { i } - 3 \mathbf { j } + 4 \mathbf { k } ) = 4\) and the line \(l _ { 1 }\) has equation \(\mathbf { r } = 2 \mathbf { j } - \mathbf { k } + t ( 3 \mathbf { i } + \mathbf { j } + 2 \mathbf { k } )\). The line \(l _ { 2 }\) is parallel to \(p\) and perpendicular to \(l _ { 1 }\), and passes through the point with position vector \(\mathbf { i } + 4 \mathbf { j } + 2 \mathbf { k }\). Find the equation of \(l _ { 2 }\), giving your answer in the form \(\mathbf { r } = \mathbf { a } + t \mathbf { b }\).
OCR FP3 2012 June Q2
8 marks Standard +0.3
2
  1. Solve the equation \(z ^ { 4 } = 2 ( 1 + \mathrm { i } \sqrt { 3 } )\), giving the roots exactly in the form \(r ( \cos \theta + \mathrm { i } \sin \theta )\), where \(r > 0\) and \(0 \leqslant \theta < 2 \pi\).
  2. Sketch an Argand diagram to show the lines from the origin to the point representing \(2 ( 1 + i \sqrt { 3 } )\) and from the origin to the points which represent the roots of the equation in part (i).