Questions FP1 (1491 questions)

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CAIE FP1 2014 June Q6
10 marks Challenging +1.2
6 The curve \(C\) has parametric equations $$x = \mathrm { e } ^ { t } - 4 t + 3 , \quad y = 8 \mathrm { e } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } t } , \quad \text { for } 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 2$$
  1. Find, in terms of e , the length of \(C\).
  2. Find, in terms of \(\pi\) and e , the area of the surface generated when \(C\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis.
CAIE FP1 2014 June Q7
10 marks Standard +0.3
7 The curve \(C\) has parametric equations $$x = \sin t , \quad y = \sin 2 t , \quad \text { for } 0 \leqslant t \leqslant \pi .$$ Find \(\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } }\) in terms of \(t\). Hence, or otherwise, find the coordinates of the stationary points on \(C\) and determine their nature.
CAIE FP1 2014 June Q8
11 marks Challenging +1.2
8 It is given that \(\lambda\) is an eigenvalue of the non-singular square matrix \(\mathbf { A }\), with corresponding eigenvector
e. Show that \(\lambda ^ { - 1 }\) is an eigenvalue of \(\mathbf { A } ^ { - 1 }\) for which \(\mathbf { e }\) is a corresponding eigenvector. Deduce that \(\lambda + \lambda ^ { - 1 }\) is an eigenvalue of \(\mathbf { A } + \mathbf { A } ^ { - 1 }\). It is given that 1 is an eigenvalue of the matrix \(\mathbf { A }\), where $$\mathbf { A } = \left( \begin{array} { r r r } 2 & 0 & 1 \\ - 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 1 & 0 & 2 \end{array} \right)$$ Find a corresponding eigenvector. It is also given that \(\left( \begin{array} { l } 0 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{array} \right)\) and \(\left( \begin{array} { l } 1 \\ 2 \\ 1 \end{array} \right)\) are eigenvectors of the matrix \(\mathbf { A }\). Find the corresponding eigenvalues.
Hence find a matrix \(\mathbf { P }\) and a diagonal matrix \(\mathbf { D }\) such that $$\left( \mathbf { A } + \mathbf { A } ^ { - 1 } \right) ^ { 3 } = \mathbf { P D P } \mathbf { P } ^ { - 1 }$$
CAIE FP1 2014 June Q9
10 marks Challenging +1.2
9 Using the substitution \(u = \cos \theta\), or any other method, find \(\int \sin \theta \cos ^ { 2 } \theta d \theta\). It is given that \(I _ { n } = \int _ { 0 } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi } \sin ^ { n } \theta \cos ^ { 2 } \theta \mathrm {~d} \theta\), for \(n \geqslant 0\). Show that, for \(n \geqslant 2\), $$I _ { n } = \frac { n - 1 } { n + 2 } I _ { n - 2 }$$ Hence find the exact value of \(\int _ { 0 } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi } \sin ^ { 4 } \theta \cos ^ { 2 } \theta d \theta\).
CAIE FP1 2014 June Q10
12 marks Challenging +1.2
10 Find the particular solution of the differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } x } { \mathrm {~d} t ^ { 2 } } + 0.16 \frac { \mathrm {~d} x } { \mathrm {~d} t } + 0.0064 x = 8.64 + 0.32 t$$ given that when \(t = 0 , x = 0\) and \(\frac { \mathrm { d } x } { \mathrm {~d} t } = 0\). Show that, for large positive \(t , \frac { \mathrm {~d} x } { \mathrm {~d} t } \approx 50\).
CAIE FP1 2014 June Q11 EITHER
Standard +0.8
Express \(\frac { 2 x ^ { 2 } - x + 5 } { x ^ { 2 } - 1 }\) in the form \(2 + \frac { A } { x - 1 } + \frac { B } { x + 1 }\), where \(A\) and \(B\) are integers to be found. The curve \(C\) has equation \(y = \frac { 2 x ^ { 2 } - x + 5 } { x ^ { 2 } - 1 }\). Show that there are two distinct values of \(x\) for which \(\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x } = 0\). Sketch \(C\), stating the equations of the asymptotes and giving the coordinates of any points of intersection with the coordinate axes and with the asymptotes. You do not need to find the coordinates of the turning points.
CAIE FP1 2014 June Q11 OR
Standard +0.8
With respect to an origin \(O\), the point \(A\) has position vector \(4 \mathbf { i } - 2 \mathbf { j } + 2 \mathbf { k }\) and the plane \(\Pi _ { 1 }\) has equation $$\mathbf { r } = ( 4 + \lambda + 3 \mu ) \mathbf { i } + ( - 2 + 7 \lambda + \mu ) \mathbf { j } + ( 2 + \lambda - \mu ) \mathbf { k } ,$$ where \(\lambda\) and \(\mu\) are real. The point \(L\) is such that \(\overrightarrow { O L } = 3 \overrightarrow { O A }\) and \(\Pi _ { 2 }\) is the plane through \(L\) which is parallel to \(\Pi _ { 1 }\). The point \(M\) is such that \(\overrightarrow { A M } = 3 \overrightarrow { M L }\).
  1. Show that \(A\) is in \(\Pi _ { 1 }\).
  2. Find a vector perpendicular to \(\Pi _ { 2 }\).
  3. Find the position vector of the point \(N\) in \(\Pi _ { 2 }\) such that \(O N\) is perpendicular to \(\Pi _ { 2 }\).
  4. Show that the position vector of \(M\) is \(10 \mathbf { i } - 5 \mathbf { j } + 5 \mathbf { k }\) and find the perpendicular distance of \(M\) from the line through \(O\) and \(N\), giving your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q1
4 marks Moderate -0.8
1 Use the List of Formulae (MF10) to show that \(\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { 13 } \left( 3 r ^ { 2 } - 5 r + 1 \right)\) and \(\sum _ { r = 0 } ^ { 9 } \left( r ^ { 3 } - 1 \right)\) have the same numerical value.
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q2
6 marks Standard +0.8
2 Find the value of the constant \(k\) for which the system of equations $$\begin{aligned} 2 x - 3 y + 4 z & = 1 \\ 3 x - y & = 2 \\ x + 2 y + k z & = 1 \end{aligned}$$ does not have a unique solution. For this value of \(k\), solve the system of equations.
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q3
7 marks Challenging +1.2
3 The sequence \(a _ { 1 } , a _ { 2 } , a _ { 3 } , \ldots\) is such that \(a _ { 1 } > 5\) and \(a _ { n + 1 } = \frac { 4 a _ { n } } { 5 } + \frac { 5 } { a _ { n } }\) for every positive integer \(n\).
Prove by mathematical induction that \(a _ { n } > 5\) for every positive integer \(n\). Prove also that \(a _ { n } > a _ { n + 1 }\) for every positive integer \(n\).
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q4
8 marks Challenging +1.2
4 The roots of the cubic equation \(x ^ { 3 } - 7 x ^ { 2 } + 2 x - 3 = 0\) are \(\alpha , \beta\) and \(\gamma\). Find the values of
  1. \(\frac { 1 } { ( \alpha \beta ) ( \beta \gamma ) ( \gamma \alpha ) }\),
  2. \(\frac { 1 } { \alpha \beta } + \frac { 1 } { \beta \gamma } + \frac { 1 } { \gamma \alpha }\),
  3. \(\frac { 1 } { \alpha ^ { 2 } \beta \gamma } + \frac { 1 } { \alpha \beta ^ { 2 } \gamma } + \frac { 1 } { \alpha \beta \gamma ^ { 2 } }\). Deduce a cubic equation, with integer coefficients, having roots \(\frac { 1 } { \alpha \beta } , \frac { 1 } { \beta \gamma }\) and \(\frac { 1 } { \gamma \alpha }\).
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q5
9 marks Standard +0.8
5 The curves \(C _ { 1 }\) and \(C _ { 2 }\) have polar equations $$\begin{array} { l l } C _ { 1 } : & r = \frac { 1 } { \sqrt { 2 } } , \quad \text { for } 0 \leqslant \theta < 2 \pi \\ C _ { 2 } : & r = \sqrt { } \left( \sin \frac { 1 } { 2 } \theta \right) , \quad \text { for } 0 \leqslant \theta \leqslant \pi \end{array}$$ Find the polar coordinates of the point of intersection of \(C _ { 1 }\) and \(C _ { 2 }\). Sketch \(C _ { 1 }\) and \(C _ { 2 }\) on the same diagram. Find the exact value of the area of the region enclosed by \(C _ { 1 } , C _ { 2 }\) and the half-line \(\theta = 0\).
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q6
9 marks Standard +0.3
6 A curve has equation \(x ^ { 2 } - 6 x y + 25 y ^ { 2 } = 16\). Show that \(\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x } = 0\) at the point \(( 3,1 )\). By finding the value of \(\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } }\) at the point \(( 3,1 )\), determine the nature of this turning point.
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q7
9 marks Challenging +1.2
7 Let \(I _ { n } = \int _ { 0 } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi } x ^ { n } \sin x \mathrm {~d} x\), where \(n\) is a non-negative integer. Show that $$I _ { n } = n \left( \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi \right) ^ { n - 1 } - n ( n - 1 ) I _ { n - 2 } , \quad \text { for } n \geqslant 2$$ Find the exact value of \(I _ { 4 }\).
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q8
11 marks Challenging +1.8
8 By considering \(\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { n } z ^ { 2 r - 1 }\), where \(z = \cos \theta + \mathrm { i } \sin \theta\), show that, if \(\sin \theta \neq 0\), $$\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { n } \sin ( 2 r - 1 ) \theta = \frac { \sin ^ { 2 } n \theta } { \sin \theta }$$ Deduce that $$\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { n } ( 2 r - 1 ) \cos \left[ \frac { ( 2 r - 1 ) \pi } { 2 n } \right] = - \operatorname { cosec } \left( \frac { \pi } { 2 n } \right) \cot \left( \frac { \pi } { 2 n } \right)$$
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q9
11 marks Challenging +1.2
9 The curve \(C\) has parametric equations $$x = 4 t + 2 t ^ { \frac { 3 } { 2 } } , \quad y = 4 t - 2 t ^ { \frac { 3 } { 2 } } , \quad \text { for } 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 4$$ Find the arc length of \(C\), giving your answer correct to 3 significant figures. Find the mean value of \(y\) with respect to \(x\) over the interval \(0 \leqslant x \leqslant 32\).
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q10
12 marks Challenging +1.2
10 The matrix \(\mathbf { A }\) is given by $$\mathbf { A } = \left( \begin{array} { r r r } 2 & 2 & - 3 \\ 2 & 2 & 3 \\ - 3 & 3 & 3 \end{array} \right)$$ The matrix \(\mathbf { A }\) has an eigenvector \(\left( \begin{array} { r } 1 \\ - 1 \\ 1 \end{array} \right)\). Find the corresponding eigenvalue. The matrix \(\mathbf { A }\) also has eigenvalues 4 and 6. Find corresponding eigenvectors. Hence find a matrix \(\mathbf { P }\) such that \(\mathbf { A } = \mathbf { P D P } \mathbf { P } ^ { - 1 }\), where \(\mathbf { D }\) is a diagonal matrix which is to be determined. The matrix \(\mathbf { B }\) is such that \(\mathbf { B } = \mathbf { Q A Q } ^ { - 1 }\), where $$\mathbf { Q } = \left( \begin{array} { r r r } 4 & 11 & 5 \\ 1 & 4 & 2 \\ 1 & 2 & 1 \end{array} \right)$$ By using the expression \(\mathbf { P D P } ^ { - 1 }\) for \(\mathbf { A }\), find the set of eigenvalues and a corresponding set of eigenvectors for \(\mathbf { B }\).
[0pt] [Question 11 is printed on the next page.]
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q11 EITHER
Challenging +1.3
Show that the substitution \(v = \frac { 1 } { y }\) reduces the differential equation $$\frac { 2 } { y ^ { 3 } } \left( \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} x } \right) ^ { 2 } - \frac { 1 } { y ^ { 2 } } \frac { \mathrm {~d} ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } } - \frac { 2 } { y ^ { 2 } } \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} x } + \frac { 5 } { y } = 17 + 6 x - 5 x ^ { 2 }$$ to the differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } v } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } } + 2 \frac { \mathrm {~d} v } { \mathrm {~d} x } + 5 v = 17 + 6 x - 5 x ^ { 2 }$$ Hence find \(y\) in terms of \(x\), given that when \(x = 0 , y = \frac { 1 } { 2 }\) and \(\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x } = - 1\).
CAIE FP1 2015 June Q11 OR
Challenging +1.8
The lines \(l _ { 1 }\) and \(l _ { 2 }\) have equations \(\mathbf { r } = 8 \mathbf { i } + 2 \mathbf { j } + 3 \mathbf { k } + \lambda ( \mathbf { i } - 2 \mathbf { j } )\) and \(\mathbf { r } = 5 \mathbf { i } + 3 \mathbf { j } - 14 \mathbf { k } + \mu ( 2 \mathbf { j } - 3 \mathbf { k } )\) respectively. The point \(P\) on \(l _ { 1 }\) and the point \(Q\) on \(l _ { 2 }\) are such that \(P Q\) is perpendicular to both \(l _ { 1 }\) and \(l _ { 2 }\). Find the position vector of the point \(P\) and the position vector of the point \(Q\). The points with position vectors \(8 \mathbf { i } + 2 \mathbf { j } + 3 \mathbf { k }\) and \(5 \mathbf { i } + 3 \mathbf { j } - 14 \mathbf { k }\) are denoted by \(A\) and \(B\) respectively. Find
  1. \(\overrightarrow { A P } \times \overrightarrow { A Q }\) and hence the area of the triangle \(A P Q\),
  2. the volume of the tetrahedron \(A P Q B\). (You are given that the volume of a tetrahedron is \(\frac { 1 } { 3 } \times\) area of base × perpendicular height.) {www.cie.org.uk} after the live examination series.
    }
CAIE FP1 2016 June Q1
4 marks Standard +0.8
1 The roots of the cubic equation \(2 x ^ { 3 } + x ^ { 2 } - 7 = 0\) are \(\alpha , \beta\) and \(\gamma\). Using the substitution \(y = 1 + \frac { 1 } { x }\), or otherwise, find the cubic equation whose roots are \(1 + \frac { 1 } { \alpha } , 1 + \frac { 1 } { \beta }\) and \(1 + \frac { 1 } { \gamma }\), giving your answer in the form \(a y ^ { 3 } + b y ^ { 2 } + c y + d = 0\), where \(a , b , c\) and \(d\) are constants to be found.
CAIE FP1 2016 June Q2
6 marks Standard +0.3
2 Express \(\frac { 4 } { r ( r + 1 ) ( r + 2 ) }\) in partial fractions and hence find \(\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { n } \frac { 4 } { r ( r + 1 ) ( r + 2 ) }\). Deduce the value of \(\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { \infty } \frac { 4 } { r ( r + 1 ) ( r + 2 ) }\).
CAIE FP1 2016 June Q3
6 marks Standard +0.3
3 Prove by mathematical induction that, for all positive integers \(n , 10 ^ { n } + 3 \times 4 ^ { n + 2 } + 5\) is divisible by 9 .
CAIE FP1 2016 June Q4
8 marks Standard +0.8
4 A curve \(C\) has polar equation \(r ^ { 2 } = 8 \operatorname { cosec } 2 \theta\) for \(0 < \theta < \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi\). Find a cartesian equation of \(C\). Sketch \(C\). Determine the exact area of the sector bounded by the arc of \(C\) between \(\theta = \frac { 1 } { 6 } \pi\) and \(\theta = \frac { 1 } { 3 } \pi\), the half-line \(\theta = \frac { 1 } { 6 } \pi\) and the half-line \(\theta = \frac { 1 } { 3 } \pi\).
[0pt] [It is given that \(\int \operatorname { cosec } x \mathrm {~d} x = \ln \left| \tan \frac { 1 } { 2 } x \right| + c\).]
CAIE FP1 2016 June Q5
9 marks Challenging +1.3
5 Let \(I _ { n } = \int _ { 0 } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi } \cos ^ { n } x \sin ^ { 2 } x \mathrm {~d} x\), for \(n \geqslant 0\). By differentiating \(\cos ^ { n - 1 } x \sin ^ { 3 } x\) with respect to \(x\), prove that $$( n + 2 ) I _ { n } = ( n - 1 ) I _ { n - 2 } \quad \text { for } n \geqslant 2$$ Hence find the exact value of \(I _ { 4 }\).
CAIE FP1 2016 June Q6
9 marks Challenging +1.8
6 Use de Moivre's theorem to express \(\cot 7 \theta\) in terms of \(\cot \theta\). Use the equation \(\cot 7 \theta = 0\) to show that the roots of the equation $$x ^ { 6 } - 21 x ^ { 4 } + 35 x ^ { 2 } - 7 = 0$$ are \(\cot \left( \frac { 1 } { 14 } k \pi \right)\) for \(k = 1,3,5,9,11,13\), and deduce that $$\cot ^ { 2 } \left( \frac { 1 } { 14 } \pi \right) \cot ^ { 2 } \left( \frac { 3 } { 14 } \pi \right) \cot ^ { 2 } \left( \frac { 5 } { 14 } \pi \right) = 7$$