Questions — CAIE FP1 (549 questions)

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CAIE FP1 2016 June Q15
15
33
66
81 \end{array} \right)$$ has the form \(\left( \begin{array} { r } 1
- 2
2
- 1 \end{array} \right) + \lambda \mathbf { e } _ { 1 } + \mu \mathbf { e } _ { 2 }\), where \(\lambda\) and \(\mu\) are scalars and \(\left\{ \mathbf { e } _ { 1 } , \mathbf { e } _ { 2 } \right\}\) is a basis for \(K\). Hence obtain a solution \(\mathbf { x } ^ { \prime }\) of ( \(*\) ) such that the sum of the components \(\mathbf { x } ^ { \prime }\) is 6 and the sum of the squares of the components of \(\mathbf { x } ^ { \prime }\) is 26 . \footnotetext{Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at \href{http://www.cie.org.uk}{www.cie.org.uk} after the live examination series. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. }
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q1
1 It is given that \(\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { n } u _ { r } = n ^ { 2 } ( 2 n + 3 )\), where \(n\) is a positive integer.
  1. Find \(\sum _ { r = n + 1 } ^ { 2 n } u _ { r }\).
  2. Find \(u _ { r }\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q2
2 Prove, by mathematical induction, that \(5 ^ { n } + 3\) is divisible by 4 for all non-negative integers \(n\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q3
3 A curve \(C\) has equation \(\tan y = x\), for \(x > 0\).
  1. Use implicit differentiation to show that $$\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } } = - 2 x \left( \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} x } \right) ^ { 2 }$$
  2. Hence find the value of \(\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } }\) at the point \(\left( 1 , \frac { 1 } { 4 } \pi \right)\) on \(C\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q4
4
  1. Find the value of \(k\) for which the set of linear equations $$\begin{aligned} x + 3 y + k z & = 4
    4 x - 2 y - 10 z & = - 5
    x + y + 2 z & = 1 \end{aligned}$$ has no unique solution.
  2. For this value of \(k\), find the set of possible solutions, giving your answer in the form $$\left( \begin{array} { c } x
    y
    z \end{array} \right) = \mathbf { a } + t \mathbf { b } ,$$ where \(\mathbf { a }\) and \(\mathbf { b }\) are vectors and \(t\) is a scalar.
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q5
5 The matrix \(\mathbf { A }\), given by $$\mathbf { A } = \left( \begin{array} { l l l } 1 & 2 & - 2
6 & 4 & - 6
6 & 5 & - 7 \end{array} \right)$$ has eigenvalues \(1 , - 1\) and - 2 .
  1. Find a set of corresponding eigenvectors.
  2. The matrix \(\mathbf { B }\) is given by \(\mathbf { B } = \mathbf { A } - 2 \mathbf { I }\), where \(\mathbf { I }\) is the \(3 \times 3\) identity matrix. Write down the eigenvalues of \(\mathbf { B }\), and state a set of corresponding eigenvectors.
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q6
6 Let \(I _ { n } = \int _ { 0 } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi } x ^ { n } \sin x \mathrm {~d} x\).
  1. Prove that, for \(n \geqslant 2\), $$I _ { n } + n ( n - 1 ) I _ { n - 2 } = n \left( \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi \right) ^ { n - 1 } .$$
  2. Calculate the exact value of \(I _ { 1 }\) and deduce the exact value of \(I _ { 3 }\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q7
7 By finding a cubic equation whose roots are \(\alpha , \beta\) and \(\gamma\), solve the set of simultaneous equations $$\begin{aligned} \alpha + \beta + \gamma & = - 1 ,
\alpha ^ { 2 } + \beta ^ { 2 } + \gamma ^ { 2 } & = 29 ,
\frac { 1 } { \alpha } + \frac { 1 } { \beta } + \frac { 1 } { \gamma } & = - 1 . \end{aligned}$$
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q8
8
  1. Let \(z = \cos \theta + \mathrm { i } \sin \theta\). Show that \(z - \frac { 1 } { z } = 2 \mathrm { i } \sin \theta\) and hence express \(16 \sin ^ { 5 } \theta\) in the form \(\sin 5 \theta + p \sin 3 \theta + q \sin \theta\), where \(p\) and \(q\) are integers to be determined.
  2. Hence find the exact value of \(\int _ { 0 } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 3 } \pi } 16 \sin ^ { 5 } \theta \mathrm {~d} \theta\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q9
9 The curve \(C\) has equation \(y = \frac { x ^ { 2 } - 3 x + 6 } { 1 - x }\).
  1. Find the equations of the asymptotes of \(C\).
  2. Find the coordinates of the turning points of \(C\).
  3. Find the coordinates of any intersections with the coordinate axes.
  4. Sketch \(C\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q10
10 It is given that \(x = t ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } }\), where \(x > 0\) and \(t > 0\), and \(y\) is a function of \(x\).
  1. Show that \(\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x } = 2 t ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } } \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} t }\) and \(\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } } = 2 \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} t } + 4 t \frac { \mathrm {~d} ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} t ^ { 2 } }\).
  2. Hence show that the differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } } - \left( 8 x + \frac { 1 } { x } \right) \frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x } + 12 x ^ { 2 } y = 4 x ^ { 2 } \mathrm { e } ^ { - x ^ { 2 } }$$ reduces to the differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} t ^ { 2 } } - 4 \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} t } + 3 y = \mathrm { e } ^ { - t }$$
  3. Find the general solution of ( \(*\) ), giving \(y\) in terms of \(x\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q11
11 The curve \(C\) has polar equation \(r = a ( 1 + \sin \theta )\) for \(- \pi < \theta \leqslant \pi\), where \(a\) is a positive constant.
  1. Sketch \(C\).
  2. Find the area of the region enclosed by \(C\).
  3. Show that the length of the arc of \(C\) from the pole to the point furthest from the pole is given by $$s = ( \sqrt { } 2 ) a \int _ { - \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi } \sqrt { } ( 1 + \sin \theta ) \mathrm { d } \theta$$
  4. Show that the substitution \(u = 1 + \sin \theta\) reduces this integral for \(s\) to \(( \sqrt { } 2 ) a \int _ { 0 } ^ { 2 } \frac { 1 } { \sqrt { } ( 2 - u ) } \mathrm { d } u\). Hence evaluate \(s\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q12 EITHER
The curve \(C\) has equation \(y = \frac { 1 } { 2 } \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right)\) for \(0 \leqslant x \leqslant 4\).
  1. The region \(R\) is bounded by \(C\), the \(x\)-axis, the \(y\)-axis and the line \(x = 4\). Find, in terms of e, the coordinates of the centroid of the region \(R\).
  2. Show that \(\frac { \mathrm { d } s } { \mathrm {~d} x } = \frac { 1 } { 2 } \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right)\), where \(s\) denotes the arc length of \(C\), and find the surface area generated when \(C\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis.
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q12 OR
The position vectors of the points \(A , B , C , D\) are $$\mathbf { i } + \mathbf { j } + 3 \mathbf { k } , \quad 3 \mathbf { i } - \mathbf { j } + 5 \mathbf { k } , \quad 3 \mathbf { i } - \mathbf { j } + \mathbf { k } , \quad 5 \mathbf { i } - 5 \mathbf { j } + \alpha \mathbf { k } ,$$ respectively, where \(\alpha\) is a positive integer. It is given that the shortest distance between the line \(A B\) and the line \(C D\) is equal to \(2 \sqrt { } 2\).
  1. Show that the possible values of \(\alpha\) are 3 and 5 .
  2. Using \(\alpha = 3\), find the shortest distance of the point \(D\) from the line \(A C\), giving your answer correct to 3 significant figures.
  3. Using \(\alpha = 3\), find the acute angle between the planes \(A B C\) and \(A B D\), giving your answer in degrees.
    \footnotetext{Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
    To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at \href{http://www.cie.org.uk}{www.cie.org.uk} after the live examination series. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. }
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q1
1 The roots of the cubic equation \(x ^ { 3 } + 2 x ^ { 2 } - 3 = 0\) are \(\alpha , \beta\) and \(\gamma\).
  1. By using the substitution \(y = \frac { 1 } { x ^ { 2 } }\), find the cubic equation with roots \(\frac { 1 } { \alpha ^ { 2 } } , \frac { 1 } { \beta ^ { 2 } }\) and \(\frac { 1 } { \gamma ^ { 2 } }\).
  2. Hence find the value of \(\frac { 1 } { \alpha ^ { 2 } } + \frac { 1 } { \beta ^ { 2 } } + \frac { 1 } { \gamma ^ { 2 } }\).
  3. Find also the value of \(\frac { 1 } { \alpha ^ { 2 } \beta ^ { 2 } } + \frac { 1 } { \beta ^ { 2 } \gamma ^ { 2 } } + \frac { 1 } { \gamma ^ { 2 } \alpha ^ { 2 } }\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q2
2
  1. Verify that \(\frac { 2 r + 1 } { r ( r + 1 ) ( r + 2 ) } = \frac { 1 } { 2 } \left\{ \frac { ( 2 r + 1 ) ( 2 r + 3 ) } { ( r + 1 ) ( r + 2 ) } - \frac { ( 2 r - 1 ) ( 2 r + 1 ) } { r ( r + 1 ) } \right\}\).
  2. Hence show that \(\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { n } \frac { 2 r + 1 } { r ( r + 1 ) ( r + 2 ) } = \frac { 1 } { 2 } \left\{ \frac { ( 2 n + 1 ) ( 2 n + 3 ) } { ( n + 1 ) ( n + 2 ) } - \frac { 3 } { 2 } \right\}\).
  3. Deduce the value of \(\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { \infty } \frac { 2 r + 1 } { r ( r + 1 ) ( r + 2 ) }\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q3
6 marks
3 Prove, by mathematical induction, that \(\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { n } r \ln \left( \frac { r + 1 } { r } \right) = \ln \left( \frac { ( n + 1 ) ^ { n } } { n ! } \right)\) for all positive integers \(n\). [6]
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q4
4 A curve \(C\) has equation \(x ^ { 3 } - 3 x y + y ^ { 2 } = 4\). Find the value of \(\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } }\) at the point \(( 0,2 )\) of \(C\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q5
5 A curve \(C\) has parametric equations $$x = \frac { 2 } { 5 } t ^ { \frac { 5 } { 2 } } - 2 t ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } } , \quad y = \frac { 4 } { 3 } t ^ { \frac { 3 } { 2 } } , \quad \text { for } 1 \leqslant t \leqslant 4$$
  1. Find the exact value of the arc length of \(C\).
  2. Find also the exact value of the surface area generated when \(C\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis.
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q6
6 Let \(I _ { n }\) denote \(\int _ { 0 } ^ { 2 } \left( 4 + x ^ { 2 } \right) ^ { - n } \mathrm {~d} x\).
  1. Find \(\frac { \mathrm { d } } { \mathrm { d } x } \left( x \left( 4 + x ^ { 2 } \right) ^ { - n } \right)\) and hence show that $$8 n I _ { n + 1 } = ( 2 n - 1 ) I _ { n } + 2 \times 8 ^ { - n } .$$
  2. Use the result for integrating \(\frac { 1 } { x ^ { 2 } + a ^ { 2 } }\) with respect to \(x\), in the List of Formulae (MF10), to find the value of \(I _ { 1 }\) and deduce that $$I _ { 3 } = \frac { 3 } { 1024 } \pi + \frac { 1 } { 128 }$$
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q7
7
  1. Use de Moivre's theorem to prove that $$\tan 4 \theta = \frac { 4 \tan \theta - 4 \tan ^ { 3 } \theta } { 1 - 6 \tan ^ { 2 } \theta + \tan ^ { 4 } \theta } .$$
  2. Hence find the solutions of the equation $$t ^ { 4 } - 4 t ^ { 3 } - 6 t ^ { 2 } + 4 t + 1 = 0$$ giving your answers in the form \(\tan k \pi\), where \(k\) is a rational number.
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q8
8 Find the solution of the differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } x } { \mathrm {~d} t ^ { 2 } } + 6 \frac { \mathrm {~d} x } { \mathrm {~d} t } + 9 x = 18 t ^ { 2 } + 6 t + 1$$ given that, when \(t = 0 , x = 3\) and \(\frac { \mathrm { d } x } { \mathrm {~d} t } = 0\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q9
9 The plane \(\Pi _ { 1 }\) passes through the points \(( 1,2,1 )\) and \(( 5 , - 2,9 )\) and is parallel to the vector \(\mathbf { i } + 2 \mathbf { j } + 3 \mathbf { k }\).
  1. Find the cartesian equation of \(\Pi _ { 1 }\).
    The plane \(\Pi _ { 2 }\) contains the lines $$\mathbf { r } = 2 \mathbf { i } - 3 \mathbf { j } + \mathbf { k } + \lambda ( \mathbf { i } - 2 \mathbf { j } - \mathbf { k } ) \quad \text { and } \quad \mathbf { r } = 2 \mathbf { i } - 3 \mathbf { j } + \mathbf { k } + \mu ( 2 \mathbf { i } + 3 \mathbf { j } - \mathbf { k } ) .$$
  2. Find the cartesian equation of \(\Pi _ { 2 }\).
  3. Find the acute angle between \(\Pi _ { 1 }\) and \(\Pi _ { 2 }\).
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q10
10 The matrix \(\mathbf { A }\) is given by $$\mathbf { A } = \left( \begin{array} { l l l } 6 & - 8 & 7
7 & - 9 & 7
6 & - 6 & 5 \end{array} \right)$$
  1. Given that \(\left( \begin{array} { l } 1
    1
    0 \end{array} \right)\) is an eigenvector of \(\mathbf { A }\), find the corresponding eigenvalue.
  2. Given also that - 1 is an eigenvalue of \(\mathbf { A }\), find a corresponding eigenvector.
  3. It is given that the determinant of \(\mathbf { A }\) is equal to the product of the eigenvalues of \(\mathbf { A }\). Use this result to find the third eigenvalue of \(\mathbf { A }\), and find also a corresponding eigenvector.
  4. Write down matrices \(\mathbf { P }\) and \(\mathbf { D }\) such that \(\mathbf { P } ^ { - 1 } \mathbf { A P } = \mathbf { D }\), where \(\mathbf { D }\) is a diagonal matrix, and hence find the matrix \(\mathbf { A } ^ { n }\) in terms of \(n\), where \(n\) is a positive integer.
CAIE FP1 2017 June Q11 EITHER
A curve \(C\) has polar equation \(r = 2 a \cos \left( 2 \theta + \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi \right)\) for \(0 \leqslant \theta < 2 \pi\), where \(a\) is a positive constant.
  1. Show that \(r = - 2 a \sin 2 \theta\) and sketch \(C\).
  2. Deduce that the cartesian equation of \(C\) is $$\left( x ^ { 2 } + y ^ { 2 } \right) ^ { \frac { 3 } { 2 } } = - 4 a x y .$$
  3. Find the area of one loop of \(C\).
  4. Show that, at the points (other than the pole) at which a tangent to \(C\) is parallel to the initial line, $$2 \tan \theta = - \tan 2 \theta .$$