Questions M2 (1391 questions)

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CAIE M2 2015 June Q1
1 A particle \(P\) of mass 0.6 kg is on the rough surface of a horizontal disc with centre \(O\). The distance \(O P\) is 0.4 m . The disc and \(P\) rotate with angular speed \(3 \mathrm { rad } \mathrm { s } ^ { - 1 }\) about a vertical axis which passes through \(O\). Find the magnitude of the frictional force which the disc exerts on the particle, and state the direction of this force.
CAIE M2 2015 June Q2
2 One end of a light elastic string of natural length 0.5 m and modulus of elasticity 30 N is attached to a fixed point \(O\). The other end of the string is attached to a particle \(P\) which hangs in equilibrium vertically below \(O\), with \(O P = 0.8 \mathrm {~m}\).
  1. Show that the mass of \(P\) is 1.8 kg . The particle is pulled vertically downwards and released from rest from the point where \(O P = 1.2 \mathrm {~m}\).
  2. Find the speed of \(P\) at the instant when the string first becomes slack.
CAIE M2 2015 June Q3
3 A triangular frame \(A B C\) consists of two uniform rigid rods each of length 0.8 m and weight 3 N , and a longer uniform rod of weight 4 N . The triangular frame has \(A B = B C\), and angle \(B A C =\) angle \(B C A = 30 ^ { \circ }\).
  1. Calculate the distance of the centre of mass of the frame from \(A C\).
    \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{a03ad6c1-b4a3-4007-8d3b-ce289a998a55-2_722_335_1302_904} The vertex \(A\) of the frame is attached to a smooth hinge at a fixed point. The frame is held in equilibrium with \(A C\) vertical by a vertical force of magnitude \(F \mathrm {~N}\) applied to the frame at \(B\) (see diagram).
  2. Calculate \(F\), and state the magnitude and direction of the force acting on the frame at the hinge.
CAIE M2 2015 June Q4
4 One end of a light inextensible string of length 0.5 m is attached to a fixed point \(A\). The other end of the string is attached to a particle \(P\) of weight 6 N . Another light inextensible string of length 0.5 m connects \(P\) to a fixed point \(B\) which is 0.8 m vertically below \(A\). The particle \(P\) moves with constant speed in a horizontal circle with centre at the mid-point of \(A B\). Both strings are taut.
  1. Calculate the speed of \(P\) when the tension in the string \(B P\) is 2 N .
  2. Show that the angular speed of \(P\) must exceed \(5 \mathrm { rad } \mathrm { s } ^ { - 1 }\).
CAIE M2 2015 June Q5
5
\includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{a03ad6c1-b4a3-4007-8d3b-ce289a998a55-3_499_721_715_712} A uniform solid cube with edges of length 0.4 m rests in equilibrium on a rough plane inclined at an angle of \(30 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. \(A B C D\) is a cross-section through the centre of mass of the cube, with \(A B\) along a line of greatest slope. \(B\) lies below the level of \(A\). One end of a light elastic string with modulus of elasticity 12 N and natural length 0.4 m is attached to \(C\). The other end of the string is attached to a point below the level of \(B\) on the same line of greatest slope, such that the string makes an angle of \(30 ^ { \circ }\) with the plane (see diagram). The cube is on the point of toppling. Find
  1. the tension in the string,
  2. the weight of the cube.
CAIE M2 2015 June Q6
6 \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{a03ad6c1-b4a3-4007-8d3b-ce289a998a55-4_520_582_264_440} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Fig. 1}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{a03ad6c1-b4a3-4007-8d3b-ce289a998a55-4_497_300_287_1411} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Fig. 2}
\end{figure} A small ball \(B\) is projected with speed \(U \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(\theta ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\). At time 2 s after the instant of projection, \(B\) strikes a smooth wall which slopes at \(60 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. The speed of \(B\) is \(18 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) and its direction of motion is perpendicular to the wall at the instant of impact (see Fig. 1). \(B\) bounces off the wall with speed \(V \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) in a direction perpendicular to the wall. At time 0.8 s after \(B\) bounces off the wall, \(B\) strikes the wall again at a lower point \(A\) (see Fig. 2).
  1. Find \(U\) and \(\theta\).
  2. By considering the motion of \(B\) after it bounces off the wall, calculate \(V\).
CAIE M2 2015 June Q7
7 A force of magnitude \(0.4 t \mathrm {~N}\), applied at an angle of \(30 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal, acts on a particle \(P\), where \(t \mathrm {~s}\) is the time since the force starts to act. \(P\) is at rest on rough horizontal ground when \(t = 0\). The mass of \(P\) is 0.2 kg and the coefficient of friction between \(P\) and the ground is \(\mu\).
  1. Given that \(P\) is about to slip when \(t = 2\), find \(\mu\) and the value of \(t\) for the instant when \(P\) loses contact with the ground.
  2. While \(P\) is moving on the ground, it has velocity \(v \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at time \(t \mathrm {~s}\). Show that $$\frac { \mathrm { d } v } { \mathrm {~d} t } = 2.165 t - 4.330$$ where the coefficients are correct to 4 significant figures.
  3. Calculate the speed of \(P\) when it loses contact with the ground. \footnotetext{Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at \href{http://www.cie.org.uk}{www.cie.org.uk} after the live examination series. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. }
CAIE M2 2015 June Q1
1 A uniform semicircular lamina has diameter \(A B\) of length 0.8 m .
  1. Find the distance of the centre of mass of the lamina from \(A B\). The lamina rests in a vertical plane, with the point \(B\) of the lamina in contact with a rough horizontal surface and with \(A\) vertically above \(B\). Equilibrium is maintained by a force of magnitude 6 N in the plane of the lamina, applied to the lamina at \(A\) and acting at an angle of \(20 ^ { \circ }\) below the horizontal.
  2. Calculate the mass of the lamina.
CAIE M2 2015 June Q2
2 A particle \(P\) is projected with speed \(V \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(60 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\) on horizontal ground. \(P\) is moving at an angle of \(45 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal at the instant 1.5 s after projection.
  1. Find \(V\).
  2. Hence calculate the horizontal and vertical displacements of \(P\) from \(O\) at the instant 1.5 s after projection.
CAIE M2 2015 June Q3
3 One end of a light elastic string of natural length 0.4 m and modulus of elasticity 20 N is attached to a fixed point \(A\) on a smooth plane inclined at \(30 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. The other end of the string is attached to a particle \(P\) of mass 0.5 kg which rests in equilibrium on the plane.
  1. Calculate the extension of the string.
    \(P\) is projected down the plane from the equilibrium position with speed \(5 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\). The extension of the string is \(e \mathrm {~m}\) when the speed of the particle is \(2 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) for the first time.
  2. Find \(e\).
CAIE M2 2015 June Q4
4 A small ball \(B\) is projected from a point 1.5 m above horizontal ground with initial speed \(29 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(30 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal.
  1. Show that \(B\) strikes the ground 3 s after projection.
  2. Find the speed and direction of motion of \(B\) immediately before it strikes the ground.
CAIE M2 2015 June Q5
5
\includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{8f8492a7-8a83-4eb2-81ee-99b4a385b704-3_876_483_260_840} A uniform triangular prism of weight 20 N rests on a horizontal table. \(A B C\) is the cross-section through the centre of mass of the prism, where \(B C = 0.5 \mathrm {~m} , A B = 0.4 \mathrm {~m} , A C = 0.3 \mathrm {~m}\) and angle \(B A C = 90 ^ { \circ }\). The vertical plane \(A B C\) is perpendicular to the edge of the table. The point \(D\) on \(A C\) is at the edge of the table, and \(A D = 0.25 \mathrm {~m}\). One end of a light elastic string of natural length 0.6 m and modulus of elasticity 48 N is attached to \(C\) and a particle of mass 2.5 kg is attached to the other end of the string. The particle is released from rest at \(C\) and falls vertically (see diagram).
  1. Show that the tension in the string is 60 N at the instant when the prism topples.
  2. Calculate the speed of the particle at the instant when the prism topples.
CAIE M2 2015 June Q6
6 A cyclist and her bicycle have a total mass of 60 kg . The cyclist rides in a horizontal straight line, and exerts a constant force in the direction of motion of 150 N . The motion is opposed by a resistance of magnitude \(12 v \mathrm {~N}\), where \(v \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) is the cyclist's speed at time \(t \mathrm {~s}\) after passing through a fixed point \(A\).
  1. Show that \(5 \frac { \mathrm {~d} v } { \mathrm {~d} t } = 12.5 - v\).
  2. Given that the cyclist passes through \(A\) with speed \(11.5 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\), solve this differential equation to show that \(v = 12.5 - \mathrm { e } ^ { - 0.2 t }\).
  3. Express the displacement of the cyclist from \(A\) in terms of \(t\).
CAIE M2 2015 June Q7
7 A particle \(P\) of mass 0.7 kg is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length 0.5 m . The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point \(A\) which is \(h \mathrm {~m}\) above a smooth horizontal surface. \(P\) moves in contact with the surface with uniform circular motion about the point on the surface which is vertically below \(A\).
  1. Given that \(h = 0.14\), find an inequality for the angular speed of \(P\).
  2. Given instead that the magnitude of the force exerted by the surface on \(P\) is 1.4 N and that the speed of \(P\) is \(2.5 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\), calculate the tension in the string and the value of \(h\).
CAIE M2 2016 June Q1
1 A small ball is projected with speed \(16 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(45 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal from a point on horizontal ground. Calculate the period of time, before the ball lands, for which the speed of the ball is less than \(12 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\).
CAIE M2 2016 June Q2
2
\includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{e5d70ccb-cec0-4390-a500-b550957a4ac6-2_515_463_484_842} A uniform wire has the shape of a semicircular arc, with diameter \(A B\) of length 0.8 m . The wire is attached to a vertical wall by a smooth hinge at \(A\). The wire is held in equilibrium with \(A B\) inclined at \(70 ^ { \circ }\) to the upward vertical by a light string attached to \(B\). The other end of the string is attached to the point \(C\) on the wall 0.8 m vertically above \(A\). The tension in the string is 15 N (see diagram).
  1. Show that the horizontal distance of the centre of mass of the wire from the wall is 0.463 m , correct to 3 significant figures.
  2. Calculate the weight of the wire.
CAIE M2 2016 June Q3
3 A particle \(P\) of mass 0.4 kg is released from rest at a point \(O\) on a smooth plane inclined at \(30 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. When the displacement of \(P\) from \(O\) is \(x \mathrm {~m}\) down the plane, the velocity of \(P\) is \(v \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\). A force of magnitude \(0.8 \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \mathrm {~N}\) acts on \(P\) up the plane along the line of greatest slope through \(O\).
  1. Show that \(v \frac { \mathrm {~d} v } { \mathrm {~d} x } = 5 - 2 \mathrm { e } ^ { - x }\).
  2. Find \(v\) when \(x = 0.6\).
    \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{e5d70ccb-cec0-4390-a500-b550957a4ac6-3_905_604_251_769} A uniform solid cone has base radius 0.4 m and height 4.4 m . A uniform solid cylinder has radius 0.4 m and weight equal to the weight of the cone. An object is formed by attaching the cylinder to the cone so that the base of the cone and a circular face of the cylinder are in contact and their circumferences coincide. The object rests in equilibrium with its circular base on a plane inclined at an angle of \(20 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal (see diagram).
  3. Calculate the least possible value of the coefficient of friction between the plane and the object.
  4. Calculate the greatest possible height of the cylinder.
CAIE M2 2016 June Q5
5 A particle is projected at an angle of \(\theta ^ { \circ }\) below the horizontal from a point at the top of a vertical cliff 26 m high. The particle strikes horizontal ground at a distance 8 m from the foot of the cliff 2 s after the instant of projection. Find
  1. the speed of projection of the particle and the value of \(\theta\),
  2. the direction of motion of the particle immediately before it strikes the ground.
CAIE M2 2016 June Q6
6
\includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{e5d70ccb-cec0-4390-a500-b550957a4ac6-4_503_805_260_671} A light inextensible string passes through a small smooth bead \(B\) of mass 0.4 kg . One end of the string is attached to a fixed point \(A 0.4 \mathrm {~m}\) above a fixed point \(O\) on a smooth horizontal surface. The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point \(C\) which is vertically below \(A\) and 0.3 m above the surface. The bead moves with constant speed on the surface in a circle with centre \(O\) and radius 0.3 m (see diagram).
  1. Given that the tension in the string is 2 N , calculate
    (a) the angular speed of the bead,
    (b) the magnitude of the contact force exerted on the bead by the surface.
  2. Given instead that the bead is about to lose contact with the surface, calculate the speed of the bead.
CAIE M2 2016 June Q7
7 A particle \(P\) is attached to one end of a light elastic string of natural length 1.2 m and modulus of elasticity 12 N . The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point \(O\) on a smooth plane inclined at an angle of \(30 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. \(P\) rests in equilibrium on the plane, 1.6 m from \(O\).
  1. Calculate the mass of \(P\). A particle \(Q\), with mass equal to the mass of \(P\), is projected up the plane along a line of greatest slope. When \(Q\) strikes \(P\) the two particles coalesce. The combined particle remains attached to the string and moves up the plane, coming to instantaneous rest after moving 0.2 m .
  2. Show that the initial kinetic energy of the combined particle is 1 J . The combined particle subsequently moves down the plane.
  3. Calculate the greatest speed of the combined particle in the subsequent motion. \footnotetext{Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity. To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at \href{http://www.cie.org.uk}{www.cie.org.uk} after the live examination series. Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge. }
CAIE M2 2016 June Q1
1 A small ball \(B\) is projected with speed \(12 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(30 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\) on horizontal ground. At the instant 0.8 s after projection, \(B\) is 0.5 m vertically above the top of a vertical post.
  1. Calculate the height of the top of the post above the ground.
  2. Show that \(B\) is at its greatest height 0.2 s before passing over the post.
CAIE M2 2016 June Q2
2 One end of a light elastic string of natural length 0.4 m is attached to a fixed point \(O\). The other end of the string is attached to a particle of weight 5 N which hangs in equilibrium 0.6 m vertically below \(O\).
  1. Find the modulus of elasticity of the string. The particle is projected vertically upwards from the equilibrium position and comes to instantaneous rest after travelling 0.3 m upwards.
  2. Calculate the speed of projection of the particle.
  3. Calculate the greatest extension of the string in the subsequent motion.
CAIE M2 2016 June Q3
3 The point \(O\) is 8 m above a horizontal plane. A particle \(P\) is projected from \(O\). After projection, the horizontal and vertically upwards displacements of \(P\) from \(O\) are \(x \mathrm {~m}\) and \(y \mathrm {~m}\) respectively. The equation of the trajectory of \(P\) is $$y = 2 x - x ^ { 2 }$$
  1. Find the value of \(x\) for the point where \(P\) strikes the plane.
  2. Find the angle and speed of projection of \(P\).
  3. Calculate the speed of \(P\) immediately before it strikes the plane.
CAIE M2 2016 June Q4
4
\includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{f8633b64-b20c-4471-9641-ccc3e6854f2c-3_784_556_260_790} A uniform object is made by drilling a cylindrical hole through a rectangular block. The axis of the cylindrical hole is perpendicular to the cross-section \(A B C D\) through the centre of mass of the object. \(A B = C D = 0.7 \mathrm {~m} , B C = A D = 0.4 \mathrm {~m}\), and the centre of the hole is 0.1 m from \(A B\) and 0.2 m from \(A D\) (see diagram). The hole has a cross-section of area \(0.03 \mathrm {~m} ^ { 2 }\).
  1. Show that the distance of the centre of mass of the object from \(A B\) is 0.212 m , and calculate the distance of the centre of mass from \(A D\). The object has weight 70 N and is placed on a rough horizontal surface, with \(A D\) in contact with the surface. A vertically upwards force of magnitude \(F \mathrm {~N}\) acts on the object at \(C\). The object is on the point of toppling.
  2. Find the value of \(F\). The force acting at \(C\) is removed, and the object is placed on a rough plane inclined at an angle \(\theta ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. \(A D\) lies along a line of greatest slope, with \(A\) higher than \(D\). The plane is sufficiently rough to prevent sliding, and the object does not topple.
  3. Find the greatest possible value of \(\theta\).
CAIE M2 2016 June Q5
5 A particle \(P\) of mass 0.4 kg is placed at rest at a point \(A\) on a rough horizontal surface. A horizontal force, directed away from \(A\) and with magnitude \(0.6 t \mathrm {~N}\), acts on \(P\), where \(t \mathrm {~s}\) is the time after \(P\) is placed at \(A\). The coefficient of friction between \(P\) and the surface is 0.3 , and \(P\) has displacement from \(A\) of \(x \mathrm {~m}\) at time \(t \mathrm {~s}\).
  1. Show that \(P\) starts to move when \(t = 2\). Show also that when \(P\) is in motion it has acceleration \(( 1.5 t - 3 ) \mathrm { m } \mathrm { s } ^ { - 2 }\).
  2. Express the velocity of \(P\) in terms of \(t\), for \(t \geqslant 2\).
  3. Express \(x\) in terms of \(t\), for \(t \geqslant 2\).