Questions C4 (1219 questions)

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Edexcel C4 Q7
12 marks Moderate -0.3
7. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{b71c9832-e502-4a25-85fb-a49c03ea9209-12_495_784_246_461} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 2}
\end{figure} Figure 2 shows the curve with parametric equations $$x = - 1 + 4 \cos \theta , \quad y = 2 \sqrt { 2 } \sin \theta , \quad 0 \leq \theta < 2 \pi$$ The point \(P\) on the curve has coordinates \(( 1 , \sqrt { 6 } )\).
  1. Find the value of \(\theta\) at \(P\).
  2. Show that the normal to the curve at \(P\) passes through the origin.
  3. Find a cartesian equation for the curve.
    7. continued
Edexcel C4 Q8
13 marks Challenging +1.2
8. The line \(l _ { 1 }\) passes through the points \(A\) and \(B\) with position vectors \(( - 3 \mathbf { i } + 3 \mathbf { j } + 2 \mathbf { k } )\) and ( \(7 \mathbf { i } - \mathbf { j } + 12 \mathbf { k }\) ) respectively, relative to a fixed origin.
  1. Find a vector equation for \(l _ { 1 }\). The line \(l _ { 2 }\) has the equation $$\mathbf { r } = ( 5 \mathbf { j } - 7 \mathbf { k } ) + \mu ( \mathbf { i } - 2 \mathbf { j } + 7 \mathbf { k } )$$ The point \(C\) lies on \(l _ { 2 }\) and is such that \(A C\) is perpendicular to \(B C\).
  2. Show that one possible position vector for \(C\) is \(( \mathbf { i } + 3 \mathbf { j } )\) and find the other. Assuming that \(C\) has position vector \(( \mathbf { i } + 3 \mathbf { j } )\),
  3. find the area of triangle \(A B C\), giving your answer in the form \(k \sqrt { 5 }\).
    8. continued
    8. continued
Edexcel C4 Q1
6 marks Moderate -0.3
  1. Use integration by parts to show that
$$\int _ { 1 } ^ { 2 } x \ln x \mathrm {~d} x = 2 \ln 2 - \frac { 3 } { 4 }$$
Edexcel C4 Q2
7 marks Moderate -0.8
  1. (a) Use the trapezium rule with two intervals of equal width to find an approximate value for the integral
$$\int _ { 0 } ^ { 2 } \arctan x \mathrm {~d} x$$ (b) Use the trapezium rule with four intervals of equal width to find an improved approximation for the value of the integral.
Edexcel C4 Q3
11 marks Standard +0.3
3. A curve has the equation $$3 x ^ { 2 } - 2 x + x y + y ^ { 2 } - 11 = 0$$ The point \(P\) on the curve has coordinates \(( - 1,3 )\).
  1. Show that the normal to the curve at \(P\) has the equation \(y = 2 - x\).
  2. Find the coordinates of the point where the normal to the curve at \(P\) meets the curve again.
    3. continued
Edexcel C4 Q4
11 marks Standard +0.8
4. The points \(A\) and \(B\) have coordinates \(( 3,9 , - 7 )\) and \(( 13 , - 6 , - 2 )\) respectively.
  1. Find, in vector form, an equation for the line \(l\) which passes through \(A\) and \(B\).
  2. Show that the point \(C\) with coordinates \(( 9,0 , - 4 )\) lies on \(l\). The point \(D\) is the point on \(l\) closest to the origin, \(O\).
  3. Find the coordinates of \(D\).
  4. Find the area of triangle \(O A B\) to 3 significant figures.
    4. continued
Edexcel C4 Q5
13 marks Standard +0.3
5. A bath is filled with hot water which is allowed to cool. The temperature of the water is \(\theta ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }\) after cooling for \(t\) minutes and the temperature of the room is assumed to remain constant at \(20 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }\). Given that the rate at which the temperature of the water decreases is proportional to the difference in temperature between the water and the room,
  1. write down a differential equation connecting \(\theta\) and \(t\). Given also that the temperature of the water is initially \(37 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }\) and that it is \(36 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }\) after cooling for four minutes,
  2. find, to 3 significant figures, the temperature of the water after ten minutes. Advice suggests that the temperature of the water should be allowed to cool to \(33 ^ { \circ } \mathrm { C }\) before a child gets in.
  3. Find, to the nearest second, how long a child should wait before getting into the bath.
    5. continued
Edexcel C4 Q6
13 marks Challenging +1.2
6. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{0f2d48ab-1f61-4fb9-b35a-25d684dbd50f-10_454_602_255_479} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 1}
\end{figure} Figure 1 shows the curve with parametric equations $$x = 3 \sin t , \quad y = 2 \sin 2 t , \quad 0 \leq t < \pi .$$ The curve meets the \(x\)-axis at the origin, \(O\), and at the point \(A\).
  1. Find the value of \(t\) at \(O\) and the value of \(t\) at \(A\). The region enclosed by the curve is rotated through \(\pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis.
  2. Show that the volume of the solid formed is given by $$\int _ { 0 } ^ { \frac { \pi } { 2 } } 12 \pi \sin ^ { 2 } 2 t \cos t \mathrm {~d} t$$
  3. Using the substitution \(u = \sin t\), or otherwise, evaluate this integral, giving your answer as an exact multiple of \(\pi\).
    6. continued
Edexcel C4 Q7
14 marks Standard +0.3
7. $$f ( x ) = \frac { 8 - x } { ( 1 + x ) ( 2 - x ) } , \quad | x | < 1$$
  1. Express \(\mathrm { f } ( x )\) in partial fractions.
  2. Show that $$\int _ { 0 } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } } \mathrm { f } ( x ) \mathrm { d } x = \ln k$$ where \(k\) is an integer to be found.
  3. Find the series expansion of \(\mathrm { f } ( x )\) in ascending powers of \(x\) up to and including the term in \(x ^ { 3 }\), simplifying each coefficient.
    7. continued
    7. continued
Edexcel C4 Q1
4 marks Standard +0.3
  1. Find
$$\int \cot ^ { 2 } 2 x \mathrm {~d} x$$
Edexcel C4 Q2
8 marks Moderate -0.3
  1. A curve has the equation
$$4 \cos x + 2 \sin y = 3$$
  1. Show that \(\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x } = 2 \sin x \sec y\).
  2. Find an equation for the tangent to the curve at the point \(\left( \frac { \pi } { 3 } , \frac { \pi } { 6 } \right)\), giving your answer in the form \(a x + b y = c\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are integers.
Edexcel C4 Q3
9 marks Standard +0.3
3. (a) Express \(\frac { 2 + 20 x } { 1 + 2 x - 8 x ^ { 2 } }\) as a sum of partial fractions.
(b) Hence find the series expansion of \(\frac { 2 + 20 x } { 1 + 2 x - 8 x ^ { 2 } } , | x | < \frac { 1 } { 4 }\), in ascending powers of \(x\) up to and including the term in \(x ^ { 3 }\), simplifying each coefficient.
3. continued
Edexcel C4 Q4
9 marks Standard +0.3
4. The line \(l _ { 1 }\) passes through the points \(P\) and \(Q\) with position vectors ( \(- \mathbf { i } - 8 \mathbf { j } + 3 \mathbf { k }\) ) and ( \(2 \mathbf { i } - 9 \mathbf { j } + \mathbf { k }\) ) respectively, relative to a fixed origin.
  1. Find a vector equation for \(l _ { 1 }\). The line \(l _ { 2 }\) has the equation $$\mathbf { r } = ( 6 \mathbf { i } + a \mathbf { j } + b \mathbf { k } ) + \mu ( \mathbf { i } + 4 \mathbf { j } - \mathbf { k } )$$ and also passes through the point \(Q\).
  2. Find the values of the constants \(a\) and \(b\).
  3. Find, in degrees to 1 decimal place, the acute angle between lines \(l _ { 1 }\) and \(l _ { 2 }\).
    4. continued
Edexcel C4 Q5
10 marks Moderate -0.3
5. At time \(t = 0\), a tank of height 2 metres is completely filled with water. Water then leaks from a hole in the side of the tank such that the depth of water in the tank, \(y\) metres, after \(t\) hours satisfies the differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} t } = - k \mathrm { e } ^ { - 0.2 t }$$ where \(k\) is a positive constant,
  1. Find an expression for \(y\) in terms of \(k\) and \(t\). Given that two hours after being filled the depth of water in the tank is 1.6 metres,
  2. find the value of \(k\) to 4 significant figures. Given also that the hole in the tank is \(h \mathrm {~cm}\) above the base of the tank,
  3. show that \(h = 79\) to 2 significant figures.
    5. continued
Edexcel C4 Q6
10 marks Standard +0.3
6. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{922f404e-12d5-490b-9c8d-509f3a304c1e-10_438_700_255_518} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 1}
\end{figure} Figure 1 shows the curve with parametric equations $$x = 2 - t ^ { 2 } , \quad y = t ( t + 1 ) , \quad t \geq 0$$
  1. Find the coordinates of the points where the curve meets the coordinate axes.
  2. Find the exact area of the region bounded by the curve and the coordinate axes.
    6. continued
Edexcel C4 Q7
12 marks Standard +0.8
7. (a) Prove that $$\frac { \mathrm { d } } { \mathrm {~d} x } \left( a ^ { x } \right) = a ^ { x } \ln a .$$ A curve has the equation \(y = 4 ^ { x } - 2 ^ { x - 1 } + 1\).
(b) Show that the tangent to the curve at the point where it crosses the \(y\)-axis has the equation $$3 x \ln 2 - 2 y + 3 = 0 .$$ (c) Find the exact coordinates of the stationary point of the curve.
7. continued
Edexcel C4 Q8
13 marks Standard +0.3
8. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{922f404e-12d5-490b-9c8d-509f3a304c1e-14_656_999_146_429} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 2}
\end{figure} Figure 2 shows the curve with equation \(y = \sqrt { \frac { x } { x + 1 } }\).
The shaded region is bounded by the curve, the \(x\)-axis and the line \(x = 3\).
    1. Use the trapezium rule with three strips to find an estimate for the area of the shaded region.
    2. Use the trapezium rule with six strips to find an improved estimate for the area of the shaded region. The shaded region is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis.
  2. Show that the volume of the solid formed is \(\pi ( 3 - \ln 4 )\).
    8. continued
    8. continued
Edexcel C4 Q1
6 marks Moderate -0.3
  1. A curve has the equation
$$x ^ { 2 } + 2 x y ^ { 2 } + y = 4$$ Find an expression for \(\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x }\) in terms of \(x\) and \(y\).
Edexcel C4 Q2
7 marks Standard +0.3
2. Use integration by parts to find $$\int x ^ { 2 } \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \mathrm {~d} x$$
Edexcel C4 Q3
8 marks Standard +0.3
  1. The first four terms in the series expansion of \(( 1 + a x ) ^ { n }\) in ascending powers of \(x\) are
$$1 - 4 x + 24 x ^ { 2 } + k x ^ { 3 }$$ where \(a , n\) and \(k\) are constants and \(| a x | < 1\).
  1. Find the values of \(a\) and \(n\).
  2. Show that \(k = - 160\).
    3. continued
Edexcel C4 Q4
9 marks Standard +0.3
4. (a) Use the trapezium rule with two intervals of equal width to find an estimate for the value of the integral $$\int _ { 0 } ^ { 3 } e ^ { \cos x } d x$$ giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
(b) Use the trapezium rule with four intervals of equal width to find another estimate for the value of the integral to 3 significant figures.
(c) Given that the true value of the integral lies between the estimates made in parts (a) and (b), comment on the shape of the curve \(y = \mathrm { e } ^ { \cos x }\) in the interval \(0 \leq x \leq 3\) and explain your answer.
4. continued
Edexcel C4 Q5
9 marks Standard +0.3
5. A straight road passes through villages at the points \(A\) and \(B\) with position vectors ( \(9 \mathbf { i } - 8 \mathbf { j } + 2 \mathbf { k }\) ) and ( \(4 \mathbf { j } + \mathbf { k }\) ) respectively, relative to a fixed origin. The road ends at a junction at the point \(C\) with another straight road which lies along the line with equation $$\mathbf { r } = ( 2 \mathbf { i } + 16 \mathbf { j } - \mathbf { k } ) + \mu ( - 5 \mathbf { i } + 3 \mathbf { j } ) ,$$ where \(\mu\) is a scalar parameter.
  1. Find the position vector of \(C\). Given that 1 unit on each coordinate axis represents 200 metres,
  2. find the distance, in kilometres, from the village at \(A\) to the junction at \(C\).
    5. continued
Edexcel C4 Q6
10 marks Standard +0.3
6. A small town had a population of 9000 in the year 2001. In a model, it is assumed that the population of the town, \(P\), at time \(t\) years after 2001 satisfies the differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } P } { \mathrm {~d} t } = 0.05 P \mathrm { e } ^ { - 0.05 t }$$
  1. Show that, according to the model, the population of the town in 2011 will be 13300 to 3 significant figures.
  2. Find the value which the population of the town will approach in the long term, according to the model.
    6. continued
Edexcel C4 Q7
11 marks Standard +0.3
7. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{4232f6a1-00ff-4e88-b5f4-1abf3d4742c4-12_560_911_146_456} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 1}
\end{figure} Figure 1 shows the curve with parametric equations $$x = t ^ { 3 } + 1 , \quad y = \frac { 2 } { t } , \quad t > 0 .$$ The shaded region is bounded by the curve, the \(x\)-axis and the lines \(x = 2\) and \(x = 9\).
  1. Find the area of the shaded region.
  2. Show that the volume of the solid formed when the shaded region is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis is \(12 \pi\).
  3. Find a cartesian equation for the curve in the form \(y = \mathrm { f } ( x )\).
    7. continued
Edexcel C4 Q8
15 marks Standard +0.3
8. (a) Show that the substitution \(u = \sin x\) transforms the integral $$\int \frac { 6 } { \cos x ( 2 - \sin x ) } d x$$ into the integral $$\int \frac { 6 } { \left( 1 - u ^ { 2 } \right) ( 2 - u ) } \mathrm { d } u .$$ (b) Express \(\frac { 6 } { \left( 1 - u ^ { 2 } \right) ( 2 - u ) }\) in partial fractions.
(c) Hence, evaluate $$\int _ { 0 } ^ { \frac { \pi } { 6 } } \frac { 6 } { \cos x ( 2 - \sin x ) } d x$$ giving your answer in the form \(a \ln 2 + b \ln 3\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are integers.
8. continued
8. continued