Questions — Edexcel (10514 questions)

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Edexcel FD2 AS Specimen Q2
5 marks Standard +0.8
2. In two-dimensional space, lines divide a plane into a number of different regions. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{81510c1c-89ce-4fa8-aa1b-3c8b255804cc-3_421_328_306_278} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 1}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{81510c1c-89ce-4fa8-aa1b-3c8b255804cc-3_423_330_306_671} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 2}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{81510c1c-89ce-4fa8-aa1b-3c8b255804cc-3_426_330_303_1065} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 3}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{81510c1c-89ce-4fa8-aa1b-3c8b255804cc-3_423_332_306_1457} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 4}
\end{figure} It is known that:
  • One line divides a plane into 2 regions, as shown in Figure 1
  • Two lines divide a plane into a maximum of 4 regions, as shown in Figure 2
  • Three lines divide a plane into a maximum of 7 regions, as shown in Figure 3
  • Four lines divide a plane into a maximum of 11 regions, as shown in Figure 4
Edexcel FD2 AS Specimen Q3
14 marks Standard +0.3
3.
\includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}]{81510c1c-89ce-4fa8-aa1b-3c8b255804cc-4_2255_54_315_34}
\begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{81510c1c-89ce-4fa8-aa1b-3c8b255804cc-4_913_1783_287_139} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 5}
\end{figure} Figure 5 represents a network of corridors in a school. The number on each arc represents the maximum number of students, per minute, that may pass along each corridor at any one time. At 11 am on Friday morning, all students leave the hall (S) after assembly and travel to the cybercafé ( T ). The numbers in circles represent the initial flow of students recorded at 11 am one Friday.
  1. State an assumption that has been made about the corridors in order for this situation to be modelled by a directed network.
  2. Find the value of x and the value of y , explaining your reasoning. Five new students also attend the assembly in the hall the following Friday. They too need to travel to the cybercafé at 11 am . They wish to travel together so that they do not get lost. You may assume that the initial flow of students through the network is the same as that shown in Figure 5 above.
    1. List all the flow augmenting routes from S to T that increase the flow by at least 5
    2. State which route the new students should take, giving a reason for your answer.
  3. Use the answer to part (c) to find a maximum flow pattern for this network and draw it on Diagram 1 in the answer book.
  4. Prove that the answer to part (d) is optimal. The school is intending to increase the number of students it takes but has been informed it cannot do so until it improves the flow of students at peak times. The school can widen corridors to increase their capacity, but can only afford to widen one corridor in the coming term.
  5. State, explaining your reasoning,
    1. which corridor they should widen,
    2. the resulting increase of flow through the network.
Edexcel FD2 AS Specimen Q4
12 marks Standard +0.3
4. A two person zero-sum game is represented by the following pay-off matrix for player A.
\cline { 2 - 4 } \multicolumn{1}{c|}{}B plays 1B plays 2B plays 3
A plays 1412
A plays 2243
  1. Verify that there is no stable solution.
    1. Find the best strategy for player A.
    2. Find the value of the game to her.
Edexcel CP1 2019 June Q1
9 marks Standard +0.3
1. $$f ( z ) = z ^ { 4 } + a z ^ { 3 } + b z ^ { 2 } + c z + d$$ where \(a , b , c\) and \(d\) are real constants.
Given that \(- 1 + 2 \mathrm { i }\) and \(3 - \mathrm { i }\) are two roots of the equation \(\mathrm { f } ( \mathrm { z } ) = 0\)
  1. show all the roots of \(f ( z ) = 0\) on a single Argand diagram,
  2. find the values of \(a , b , c\) and \(d\).
Edexcel CP1 2019 June Q2
7 marks Challenging +1.2
  1. Show that
$$\int _ { 0 } ^ { \infty } \frac { 8 x - 12 } { \left( 2 x ^ { 2 } + 3 \right) ( x + 1 ) } \mathrm { d } x = \ln k$$ where \(k\) is a rational number to be found.
Edexcel CP1 2019 June Q3
10 marks Standard +0.8
3. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{9f5761f9-15d0-499a-992a-c98539f2785c-10_508_874_244_609} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 1}
\end{figure} Diagram not to scale Figure 1 shows the design for a table top in the shape of a rectangle \(A B C D\). The length of the table, \(A B\), is 1.2 m . The area inside the closed curve is made of glass and the surrounding area, shown shaded in Figure 1, is made of wood. The perimeter of the glass is modelled by the curve with polar equation $$r = 0.4 + a \cos 2 \theta \quad 0 \leqslant \theta < 2 \pi$$ where \(a\) is a constant.
  1. Show that \(a = 0.2\) Hence, given that \(A D = 60 \mathrm {~cm}\),
  2. find the area of the wooden part of the table top, giving your answer in \(\mathrm { m } ^ { 2 }\) to 3 significant figures.
Edexcel CP1 2019 June Q4
5 marks Challenging +1.2
  1. Prove that, for \(n \in \mathbb { Z } , n \geqslant 0\)
$$\sum _ { r = 0 } ^ { n } \frac { 1 } { ( r + 1 ) ( r + 2 ) ( r + 3 ) } = \frac { ( n + a ) ( n + b ) } { c ( n + 2 ) ( n + 3 ) }$$ where \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\) are integers to be found.
Edexcel CP1 2019 June Q5
13 marks Standard +0.8
  1. A tank at a chemical plant has a capacity of 250 litres. The tank initially contains 100 litres of pure water.
Salt water enters the tank at a rate of 3 litres every minute. Each litre of salt water entering the tank contains 1 gram of salt. It is assumed that the salt water mixes instantly with the contents of the tank upon entry.
At the instant when the salt water begins to enter the tank, a valve is opened at the bottom of the tank and the solution in the tank flows out at a rate of 2 litres per minute. Given that there are \(S\) grams of salt in the tank after \(t\) minutes,
  1. show that the situation can be modelled by the differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } S } { \mathrm {~d} t } = 3 - \frac { 2 S } { 100 + t }$$
  2. Hence find the number of grams of salt in the tank after 10 minutes. When the concentration of salt in the tank reaches 0.9 grams per litre, the valve at the bottom of the tank must be closed.
  3. Find, to the nearest minute, when the valve would need to be closed.
  4. Evaluate the model.
Edexcel CP1 2019 June Q6
6 marks Standard +0.3
  1. Prove by induction that for all positive integers \(n\)
$$f ( n ) = 3 ^ { 2 n + 4 } - 2 ^ { 2 n }$$ is divisible by 5
(6)
Edexcel CP1 2019 June Q7
7 marks Standard +0.3
  1. The line \(l _ { 1 }\) has equation
$$\frac { x - 1 } { 2 } = \frac { y + 1 } { - 1 } = \frac { z - 4 } { 3 }$$ The line \(l _ { 2 }\) has equation $$\mathbf { r } = \mathbf { i } + 3 \mathbf { k } + t ( \mathbf { i } - \mathbf { j } + 2 \mathbf { k } )$$ where \(t\) is a scalar parameter.
  1. Show that \(l _ { 1 }\) and \(l _ { 2 }\) lie in the same plane.
  2. Write down a vector equation for the plane containing \(l _ { 1 }\) and \(l _ { 2 }\)
  3. Find, to the nearest degree, the acute angle between \(l _ { 1 }\) and \(l _ { 2 }\)
Edexcel CP1 2019 June Q8
18 marks Challenging +1.2
  1. A scientist is studying the effect of introducing a population of white-clawed crayfish into a population of signal crayfish.
    At time \(t\) years, the number of white-clawed crayfish, \(w\), and the number of signal crayfish, \(s\), are modelled by the differential equations
$$\begin{aligned} & \frac { \mathrm { d } w } { \mathrm {~d} t } = \frac { 5 } { 2 } ( w - s ) \\ & \frac { \mathrm { d } s } { \mathrm {~d} t } = \frac { 2 } { 5 } w - 90 \mathrm { e } ^ { - t } \end{aligned}$$
  1. Show that $$2 \frac { \mathrm {~d} ^ { 2 } w } { \mathrm {~d} t ^ { 2 } } - 5 \frac { \mathrm {~d} w } { \mathrm {~d} t } + 2 w = 450 \mathrm { e } ^ { - t }$$
  2. Find a general solution for the number of white-clawed crayfish at time \(t\) years.
  3. Find a general solution for the number of signal crayfish at time \(t\) years. The model predicts that, at time \(T\) years, the population of white-clawed crayfish will have died out. Given that \(w = 65\) and \(s = 85\) when \(t = 0\)
  4. find the value of \(T\), giving your answer to 3 decimal places.
  5. Suggest a limitation of the model.
Edexcel CP1 2020 June Q1
10 marks Standard +0.3
1. $$f ( z ) = 3 z ^ { 3 } + p z ^ { 2 } + 57 z + q$$ where \(p\) and \(q\) are real constants.
Given that \(3 - 2 \sqrt { 2 } \mathrm { i }\) is a root of the equation \(\mathrm { f } ( \mathrm { z } ) = 0\)
  1. show all the roots of \(f ( z ) = 0\) on a single Argand diagram,
  2. find the value of \(p\) and the value of \(q\).
Edexcel CP1 2020 June Q2
7 marks Standard +0.8
  1. Explain why \(\int _ { 1 } ^ { \infty } \frac { 1 } { x ( 2 x + 5 ) } d x\) is an improper integral.
  2. Prove that $$\int _ { 1 } ^ { \infty } \frac { 1 } { x ( 2 x + 5 ) } d x = a \ln b$$ where \(a\) and \(b\) are rational numbers to be determined.
Edexcel CP1 2020 June Q3
9 marks Challenging +1.8
3. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{7458ec3b-1be1-4b46-893c-c7470d622e6e-08_549_908_246_790} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 1}
\end{figure} Figure 1 shows a sketch of two curves \(C _ { 1 }\) and \(C _ { 2 }\) with polar equations $$\begin{array} { l l } C _ { 1 } : r = ( 1 + \sin \theta ) & 0 \leqslant \theta < 2 \pi \\ C _ { 2 } : r = 3 ( 1 - \sin \theta ) & 0 \leqslant \theta < 2 \pi \end{array}$$ The region \(R\) lies inside \(C _ { 1 }\) and outside \(C _ { 2 }\) and is shown shaded in Figure 1.
Show that the area of \(R\) is $$p \sqrt { 3 } - q \pi$$ where \(p\) and \(q\) are integers to be determined.
Edexcel CP1 2020 June Q4
9 marks Standard +0.3
  1. The plane \(\Pi _ { 1 }\) has equation
$$\mathbf { r } = 2 \mathbf { i } + 4 \mathbf { j } - \mathbf { k } + \lambda ( \mathbf { i } + 2 \mathbf { j } - 3 \mathbf { k } ) + \mu ( - \mathbf { i } + 2 \mathbf { j } + \mathbf { k } )$$ where \(\lambda\) and \(\mu\) are scalar parameters.
  1. Find a Cartesian equation for \(\Pi _ { 1 }\) The line \(l\) has equation $$\frac { x - 1 } { 5 } = \frac { y - 3 } { - 3 } = \frac { z + 2 } { 4 }$$
  2. Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of \(l\) with \(\Pi _ { 1 }\) The plane \(\Pi _ { 2 }\) has equation $$\mathbf { r . } ( 2 \mathbf { i } - \mathbf { j } + 3 \mathbf { k } ) = 5$$
  3. Find, to the nearest degree, the acute angle between \(\Pi _ { 1 }\) and \(\Pi _ { 2 }\)
Edexcel CP1 2020 June Q5
17 marks Challenging +1.2
  1. Two compounds, \(X\) and \(Y\), are involved in a chemical reaction. The amounts in grams of these compounds, \(t\) minutes after the reaction starts, are \(x\) and \(y\) respectively and are modelled by the differential equations
$$\begin{aligned} & \frac { \mathrm { d } x } { \mathrm {~d} t } = - 5 x + 10 y - 30 \\ & \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} t } = - 2 x + 3 y - 4 \end{aligned}$$
  1. Show that $$\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } x } { \mathrm {~d} t ^ { 2 } } + 2 \frac { \mathrm {~d} x } { \mathrm {~d} t } + 5 x = 50$$
  2. Find, according to the model, a general solution for the amount in grams of compound \(X\) present at time \(t\) minutes.
  3. Find, according to the model, a general solution for the amount in grams of compound \(Y\) present at time \(t\) minutes. Given that \(x = 2\) and \(y = 5\) when \(t = 0\)
  4. find
    1. the particular solution for \(x\),
    2. the particular solution for \(y\). A scientist thinks that the chemical reaction will have stopped after 8 minutes.
  5. Explain whether this is supported by the model.
Edexcel CP1 2020 June Q6
12 marks Standard +0.3
  1. Prove by induction that for \(n \in \mathbb { Z } ^ { + }\) $$\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { n } ( 3 r + 1 ) ( r + 2 ) = n ( n + 2 ) ( n + 3 )$$
  2. Prove by induction that for all positive odd integers \(n\) $$f ( n ) = 4 ^ { n } + 5 ^ { n } + 6 ^ { n }$$ is divisible by 15
Edexcel CP1 2020 June Q7
11 marks Standard +0.3
  1. A sample of bacteria in a sealed container is being studied.
The number of bacteria, \(P\), in thousands, is modelled by the differential equation $$( 1 + t ) \frac { \mathrm { d } P } { \mathrm {~d} t } + P = t ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } } ( 1 + t )$$ where \(t\) is the time in hours after the start of the study.
Initially, there are exactly 5000 bacteria in the container.
  1. Determine, according to the model, the number of bacteria in the container 8 hours after the start of the study.
  2. Find, according to the model, the rate of change of the number of bacteria in the container 4 hours after the start of the study.
  3. State a limitation of the model.
Edexcel CP1 2022 June Q1
6 marks Moderate -0.3
1. $$\mathrm { f } ( \mathrm { z } ) = \mathrm { z } ^ { 3 } + a \mathrm { z } + 52 \quad \text { where } a \text { is a real constant }$$ Given that \(2 - 3 \mathrm { i }\) is a root of the equation \(\mathrm { f } ( \mathrm { z } ) = 0\)
  1. write down the other complex root.
  2. Hence
    1. solve completely \(\mathrm { f } ( \mathrm { z } ) = 0\)
    2. determine the value of \(a\)
  3. Show all the roots of the equation \(\mathrm { f } ( \mathrm { z } ) = 0\) on a single Argand diagram.
Edexcel CP1 2022 June Q2
4 marks Standard +0.3
  1. In this question you must show all stages of your working. Solutions relying entirely on calculator technology are not acceptable.
Determine the values of \(x\) for which $$64 \cosh ^ { 4 } x - 64 \cosh ^ { 2 } x - 9 = 0$$ Give your answers in the form \(q \ln 2\) where \(q\) is rational and in simplest form.
Edexcel CP1 2022 June Q3
6 marks Standard +0.3
  1. Determine the general solution of the differential equation $$\cos x \frac { \mathrm {~d} y } { \mathrm {~d} x } + y \sin x = \mathrm { e } ^ { 2 x } \cos ^ { 2 } x$$ giving your answer in the form \(y = \mathrm { f } ( x )\) Given that \(y = 3\) when \(x = 0\)
  2. determine the smallest positive value of \(x\) for which \(y = 0\)
Edexcel CP1 2022 June Q4
7 marks Challenging +1.2
  1. Use the method of differences to prove that for \(n > 2\) $$\sum _ { r = 2 } ^ { n } \ln \left( \frac { r + 1 } { r - 1 } \right) \equiv \ln \left( \frac { n ( n + 1 ) } { 2 } \right)$$ (4)
  2. Hence find the exact value of $$\sum _ { r = 51 } ^ { 100 } \ln \left( \frac { r + 1 } { r - 1 } \right) ^ { 35 }$$ Give your answer in the form \(a \ln \left( \frac { b } { c } \right)\) where \(a , b\) and \(c\) are integers to
    be determined.
Edexcel CP1 2022 June Q5
6 marks Standard +0.3
5. $$\mathbf { M } = \left( \begin{array} { r r r } a & 2 & - 3 \\ 2 & 3 & 0 \\ 4 & a & 2 \end{array} \right) \quad \text { where } a \text { is a constant }$$
  1. Show that \(\mathbf { M }\) is non-singular for all values of \(a\).
  2. Determine, in terms of \(a , \mathbf { M } ^ { - 1 }\)
Edexcel CP1 2022 June Q6
7 marks Standard +0.8
  1. Express as partial fractions $$\frac { 2 x ^ { 2 } + 3 x + 6 } { ( x + 1 ) \left( x ^ { 2 } + 4 \right) }$$
  2. Hence, show that $$\int _ { 0 } ^ { 2 } \frac { 2 x ^ { 2 } + 3 x + 6 } { ( x + 1 ) \left( x ^ { 2 } + 4 \right) } d x = \ln ( a \sqrt { 2 } ) + b \pi$$ where \(a\) and \(b\) are constants to be determined.
Edexcel CP1 2022 June Q7
7 marks Standard +0.3
Given that \(z = a + b \mathrm { i }\) is a complex number where \(a\) and \(b\) are real constants,
  1. show that \(z z ^ { * }\) is a real number. Given that
    • \(z z ^ { * } = 18\)
    • \(\frac { z } { z ^ { * } } = \frac { 7 } { 9 } + \frac { 4 \sqrt { 2 } } { 9 } \mathrm { i }\)
    • determine the possible complex numbers \(z\)