Questions — Edexcel (10514 questions)

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Edexcel S3 2022 January Q7
14 marks Standard +0.8
  1. A market stall sells vegetables. Two of the vegetables sold are broccoli heads and cabbages.
The weights of these broccoli heads, \(B\) kilograms, follow a normal distribution $$B \sim \mathrm {~N} \left( 0.588,0.084 ^ { 2 } \right)$$ The weights of these cabbages, \(C\) kilograms, follow a normal distribution $$C \sim \mathrm {~N} \left( 0.908,0.039 ^ { 2 } \right)$$
  1. Find the probability that the total weight of two randomly chosen broccoli heads is less than the weight of a randomly chosen cabbage. Broccoli heads cost \(\pounds 2.50\) per kg and cabbages cost \(\pounds 3.00\) per kg. Jaymini buys 1 broccoli head and 2 cabbages, chosen randomly.
  2. Find the probability that she pays more than £7 The market stall offers a discount for buying 5 or more broccoli heads. The price with the discount is \(\pounds w\) per kg. Let \(\pounds D\) be the price with the discount of 5 broccoli heads.
  3. Find, in terms of \(w\), the mean and standard deviation of \(D\) Given that \(\mathrm { P } ( D < 6 ) < 0.1\)
  4. find the smallest possible value of \(w\), giving your answer to 2 decimal places.
Edexcel S3 2022 January Q1
10 marks Moderate -0.3
  1. The weights, \(x \mathrm {~kg}\), of each of 10 watermelons selected at random from Priya's shop were recorded. The results are summarised as follows
$$\sum x = 114.2 \quad \sum x ^ { 2 } = 1310.464$$
  1. Calculate unbiased estimates of the mean and the variance of the weights of the watermelons in Priya's shop. Priya researches the weight of watermelons, for the variety she has in her shop, and discovers that the weights of these watermelons are normally distributed with a standard deviation of 0.8 kg
  2. Calculate a \(95 \%\) confidence interval for the mean weight of watermelons in Priya's shop. Give the limits of your confidence interval to 2 decimal places. Priya claims that the confidence interval in part (b) suggests that nearly all of the watermelons in her shop weigh more than 10.5 kg
  3. Use your answer to part (b) to estimate the smallest proportion of watermelons in her shop that weigh less than 10.5 kg
Edexcel S3 2022 January Q2
8 marks Standard +0.3
  1. Secondary schools in a region conduct ability testing at the start of Year 7 and the start of Year 8. Each year a regional education officer randomly selects 240 Year 7 students and 240 Year 8 students from across the region. The results for last year are summarised in the table below.
\cline { 2 - 3 } \multicolumn{1}{c|}{}Mean scoreVariance of scores
Year 710138
Year 810342
The regional education officer claims that there is no difference between the mean scores of these two year groups.
  1. Test the regional education officer's claim at the \(1 \%\) significance level. You should state your hypotheses, test statistic and critical value clearly.
  2. Explain the significance of the Central Limit Theorem in part (a).
Edexcel S3 2022 January Q3
12 marks Moderate -0.3
  1. A medical research team carried out an investigation into the metabolic rate, MR, of men aged between 30 years and 60 years.
A random sample of 10 men was taken from this age group.
The table below shows for each man his MR and his body mass index, BMI. The table also shows the rank for the level of daily physical activity, DPA, which was assessed by the medical research team. Rank 1 was assigned to the man with the highest level of daily physical activity.
Man\(A\)\(B\)\(C\)\(D\)\(E\)\(F\)\(G\)\(H\)\(I\)\(J\)
MR ( \(\boldsymbol { x }\) )6.245.946.836.536.317.447.328.707.887.78
BMI ( \(\boldsymbol { y }\) )19.619.223.621.420.220.822.925.523.325.1
DPA rank10798631452
$$\text { [You may use } \quad \mathrm { S } _ { x y } = 15.1608 \quad \mathrm {~S} _ { x x } = 6.90181 \quad \mathrm {~S} _ { y y } = 45.304 \text { ] }$$
  1. Calculate the value of the product moment correlation coefficient between MR and BMI for these 10 men.
  2. Use your value of the product moment correlation coefficient to test, at the 5\% significance level, whether or not there is evidence of a positive correlation between MR and BMI.
    State your hypotheses clearly.
  3. State an assumption that must be made to carry out the test in part (b).
  4. Calculate the value of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between MR and DPA for these 10 men.
  5. Use a two-tailed test and a \(5 \%\) level of significance to assess whether or not there is evidence of a correlation between MR and DPA.
Edexcel S3 2022 January Q4
14 marks Standard +0.3
A survey was carried out with students that had studied Maths, Physics and Chemistry at a college between 2016 and 2020. The students were divided into two groups \(A\) and \(B\).
  1. Explain how a sample could be obtained from this population using quota sampling. The students were asked which of the three subjects they enjoyed the most. The results of the survey are shown in the table.
    \multirow{2}{*}{}Subject enjoyed the most
    MathsPhysicsChemistryTotal
    Group A16101339
    Group B38131061
    Total542323100
  2. Test, at the \(5 \%\) level of significance, whether the subject enjoyed the most is independent of group. You should state your hypotheses, expected frequencies, test statistic and the critical value used for this test. The Headteacher discovered later that the results were actually based on a random sample of 200 students but had been recorded in the table as percentages.
  3. For the test in part (b), state with reasons the effect, if any, that this information would have on
    1. the null and alternative hypotheses,
    2. the critical value,
    3. the value of the test statistic,
    4. the conclusion of the test.
Edexcel S3 2022 January Q5
17 marks Standard +0.3
  1. Charlie is training for three events: a 1500 m swim, a 40 km bike ride and a 10 km run.
From past experience his times, in minutes, for each of the three events independently have the following distributions. $$\begin{aligned} & S \sim \mathrm {~N} \left( 41,5.2 ^ { 2 } \right) \text { represents the time for the swim } \\ & B \sim \mathrm {~N} \left( 81,4.2 ^ { 2 } \right) \text { represents the time for the bike ride } \\ & R \sim \mathrm {~N} \left( 57,6.6 ^ { 2 } \right) \text { represents the time for the run } \end{aligned}$$
  1. Find the probability that Charlie's total time for a randomly selected swim, bike ride and run exceeds 3 hours.
  2. Find the probability that the time for a randomly selected swim will be at least 20 minutes quicker than the time for a randomly selected run. Given that \(\mathrm { P } ( S + B + R > t ) = 0.95\)
  3. find the value of \(t\) A triathlon consists of a 1500 m swim, immediately followed by a 40 km bike ride, immediately followed by a 10 km run. Charlie uses the answer to part (a) to find the probability that, in 6 successive independent triathlons, his time will exceed 3 hours on at least one occasion.
  4. Find the answer Charlie should obtain. Jane says that Charlie should not have used the answer to part (a) for the calculation in part (d).
  5. Explain whether or not Jane is correct.
Edexcel S3 2022 January Q6
14 marks Standard +0.3
  1. A farmer sells strawberries in baskets. The contents of each of 100 randomly selected baskets were weighed and the results, given to the nearest gram, are shown below.
Weight of strawberries (grams)Number of baskets
302-3035
304-30513
306-30710
308-30918
310-31125
312-31320
314-3155
316-3174
The farmer proposes that the weight of strawberries per basket, in grams, should be modelled by a normal distribution with a mean of 310 g and standard deviation 4 g . Using his model, the farmer obtains the following expected frequencies.
Weight of strawberries (s, grams)Expected frequency
\(s \leqslant 303.5\)\(a\)
\(303.5 < s \leqslant 305.5\)7.8
\(305.5 < s \leqslant 307.5\)13.6
\(307.5 < s \leqslant 309.5\)18.4
\(309.5 < s \leqslant 311.5\)19.6
\(311.5 < s \leqslant 313.5\)16.3
\(313.5 < s \leqslant 315.5\)10.6
\(s > 315.5\)\(b\)
  1. Find the value of \(a\) and the value of \(b\). Give your answers correct to one decimal place. Before \(s \leqslant 303.5\) and \(s > 315.5\) are included, for the remaining cells, $$\sum \frac { ( O - E ) ^ { 2 } } { E } = 9.71$$
  2. Using a 5\% significance level, test whether the data are consistent with the model. You should state your hypotheses, the test statistic and the critical value used. An alternative model uses estimates for the population mean and standard deviation from the data given. Using these estimated values no expected frequency is below 5
    Another test is to be carried out, using a \(5 \%\) significance level, to assess whether the data are consistent with this alternative model.
  3. State the effect, if any, on the critical value for this test. Give a reason for your answer.
Edexcel S3 2023 January Q1
12 marks Standard +0.3
1 A machine fills bottles with mineral water.
The machine is checked every day to ensure that it is working correctly. On a particular day a random sample of 100 bottles is taken. The volume of water, \(x\) millilitres, for each bottle is measured and each measurement is coded using $$y = x - 1000$$ The results are summarised below $$\sum y = 847 \quad \sum y ^ { 2 } = 13510.09$$
    1. Show that the value of the unbiased estimate of the mean of \(x\) is 1008.47
    2. Calculate the unbiased estimate of the variance of \(x\) The machine was initially set so that the volume of water in a bottle had a mean value of 1010 millilitres. Later, a test at the \(5 \%\) significance level is used to determine whether or not the mean volume of water in a bottle has changed. If it has changed then the machine is stopped and reset.
  2. Write down suitable null and alternative hypotheses for a 2-tailed test.
  3. Find the critical region for \(\bar { X }\) in the above test.
  4. Using your answer to part (a) and your critical region found in part (c), comment on whether or not the machine needs to be stopped and reset.
    Give a reason for your answer.
  5. Explain why the use of \(\sigma ^ { 2 } = s ^ { 2 }\) is reasonable in this situation.
Edexcel S3 2023 January Q2
12 marks Standard +0.3
2 The table shows the season's best times, \(x\) seconds, for the 8 athletes who took part in the 200 m final in the 2021 Tokyo Olympics. It also shows their finishing position in the race.
Athlete\(A\)\(B\)\(C\)\(D\)\(E\)\(F\)\(G\)\(H\)
Season's best time19.8919.8319.7419.8419.9119.9920.1320.10
Finishing position12345678
Given that the fastest season's best time is ranked number 1
  1. calculate the value of the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient for these data.
  2. Stating your hypotheses clearly, test, at the \(1 \%\) level of significance, whether or not there is evidence of a positive correlation between the rank of the season's best time and the finishing position for these athletes. Chris suggests that it would be better to use the actual finishing time, \(y\) seconds, of these athletes rather than their finishing position. Given that $$S _ { x x } = 0.1286875 \quad S _ { y y } = 0.55275 \quad S _ { x y } = 0.225175$$
  3. calculate the product moment correlation coefficient between the season's best time and the finishing time for these athletes.
    Give your answer correct to 3 decimal places.
  4. Use your value of the product moment correlation coefficient to test, at the \(1 \%\) level of significance, whether or not there is evidence of a positive correlation between the season's best time and the finishing time for these athletes.
Edexcel S3 2023 January Q3
9 marks Moderate -0.8
3 A mobile phone company offers an insurance policy to its customers when they purchase a mobile phone. The company conducted a survey on the age of the customers and whether or not claims were made. A random sample of 1200 customers from this company was investigated for 2020 and the results are shown in the table below.
Claim made in 2020No claim made in 2020Total
\multirow{3}{*}{Age}17-20 years24176200
21-50 years48652700
51 years and over14286300
Total8611141200
The data are to be used to determine whether or not making a claim is independent of age.
  1. Calculate the expected frequencies for the age group 51 years and over that
    1. made a claim in 2020
    2. did not make a claim in 2020 The 4 classes of customers aged between 17 and 50 give a value of \(\sum \frac { ( O - E ) ^ { 2 } } { E } = 7.123\) correct to 3 decimal places.
  2. Test, at the \(1 \%\) level of significance, whether or not making a claim is independent of age. Show your working clearly, stating your hypotheses, the degrees of freedom, the test statistic and the critical value used.
Edexcel S3 2023 January Q4
14 marks Standard +0.3
4 A research student is investigating the number of children who are girls in families with 4 children. The table below shows her results for 200 such families.
Number of girls01234
Frequency1568693810
The research student suggests that a binomial distribution with \(p = \frac { 1 } { 2 }\) could be a suitable model for the number of children who are girls in a family of 4 children.
  1. Using her results and a \(5 \%\) significance level, test the research student's claim. You should state your hypotheses, expected frequencies, test statistic and the critical value used. The research student decides to refine the model and retains the idea of using a binomial distribution but does not specify the probability that the child is a girl.
  2. Use the data in the table to show that the probability that a child is a girl is 0.45 The research student uses the probability from part (b) to calculate a new set of expected frequencies, none of which are less than 5
    The statistic \(\sum \frac { ( O - E ) ^ { 2 } } { E }\) is evaluated and found to be 2.47
  3. Test, at the \(5 \%\) significance level, whether using a binomial distribution is suitable to model the number of children who are girls in a family of 4 children. You should state your hypotheses and the critical value used.
Edexcel S3 2023 January Q5
10 marks Standard +0.3
5 Claire grows strawberries on her farm. She wants to compare two brands of fertiliser, brand \(A\) and brand \(B\). She grows two sets of plants of the same variety of strawberries under the same conditions, fertilising one set with brand \(A\) and the other with brand \(B\). The yields per plant, in grams, from each set of plants are summarised below.
MeanStandard deviationNumber of plants
Fertiliser A137717.850
Fertiliser B136818.440
  1. Stating your hypotheses clearly, carry out a suitable test to assess whether the mean yield from plants using fertiliser \(A\) is greater than the mean yield from plants using fertiliser \(B\).
    Use a 1\% level of significance and state your test statistic and critical value. The total cost of fertiliser \(A\) for Claire's 50 plants was \(\pounds 75\) The total cost of fertiliser \(B\) for Claire's 40 plants was \(\pounds 50\) Claire sells all her strawberries at \(\pounds 3\) per kilogram.
  2. Use this information, together with your answer in part (a), to advise Claire on which of the two brands of fertiliser she should use next year in order to maximise her expected profit per plant, giving a reason for your answer.
Edexcel S3 2023 January Q6
10 marks Moderate -0.3
6 A garden centre sells bags of stones and large bags of gravel.
The weight, \(X\) kilograms, of stones in a bag can be modelled by a normal distribution with unknown mean \(\mu\) and known standard deviation 0.4 The stones in each of a random sample of 36 bags from a large batch is weighed. The total weight of stones in these 36 bags is found to be 806.4 kg
  1. Find a 98\% confidence interval for the mean weight of stones in the batch.
  2. Explain why the use of the Central Limit theorem is not required to answer part (a) The manufacturer of these bags of stones claims that bags in this batch have a mean weight of 22.5 kg
  3. Using your answer to part (a), comment on the claim made by the manufacturer. The weight, \(Y\) kilograms, of gravel in a large bag can be modelled by a normal distribution with mean 850 kg and standard deviation 5 kg A builder purchases 10 large bags of gravel.
  4. Find the probability that the mean weight of gravel in the 10 large bags is less than 848 kg
Edexcel S3 2023 January Q7
8 marks Standard +0.3
7 At a particular supermarket, the times taken to serve each customer in a queue at a standard checkout may be modelled by a normal distribution with mean 240 seconds and standard deviation 20 seconds. There is a queue of 3 customers at a standard checkout.
Making a reasonable assumption about the times taken to serve these customers,
  1. find the probability that the total time taken to serve the 3 customers will be less than 11 minutes.
  2. State the assumption you have made in part (a) In the supermarket there is also an express checkout, which is reserved for customers buying 10 or fewer items. The time taken to serve a customer at this express checkout may be modelled by a normal distribution with mean 100 seconds and standard deviation 8 seconds. On a particular day Jiang has 8 items to pay for and has to choose whether to join a queue of 3 customers waiting at a standard checkout or a queue of 7 customers waiting at the express checkout. Using a similar assumption to that made in part (a),
  3. find the probability that the total time taken to serve the 3 customers at the standard checkout will exceed the total time taken to serve the 7 customers at the express checkout.
Edexcel S3 2024 January Q1
8 marks Standard +0.3
  1. Chen is treating vines to prevent fungus appearing. One month after the treatment, Chen monitors the vines to see if fungus is present.
The contingency table shows information about the type of treatment for a sample of 150 vines and whether or not fungus is present.
\multirow{2}{*}{}Type of treatment
NoneSulphurCopper sulphate
No fungus present205548
Fungus present1089
Test, at the \(5 \%\) level of significance, whether or not there is any association between the type of treatment and the presence of fungus.
Show your working clearly, stating your hypotheses, expected frequencies, test statistic and critical value.
Edexcel S3 2024 January Q2
7 marks Easy -1.8
  1. A company has 800 employees.
The manager of the company is going to take a sample of 80 employees.
  1. Explain how this sample can be taken using systematic sampling. The company has offices in London, Edinburgh and Cardiff. The table shows the number of employees in each city.
    CityLondonEdinburghCardiff
    Number of employees430250120
    The president of the company is going to take a sample of 100 employees to determine the average time employees spend in front of a computer each week.
  2. Explain how this sample can be taken using stratified sampling.
  3. Explain an advantage of using stratified sampling rather than simple random sampling.
Edexcel S3 2024 January Q3
12 marks Standard +0.3
  1. The table shows the annual tea consumption, \(t\) (kg/person), and population, \(p\) (millions), for a random sample of 7 European countries.
CountryABCDEFG
Annual tea consumption, \(\boldsymbol { t }\) (kg/person)0.270.150.420.061.940.780.44
Population, \(\boldsymbol { p }\) (millions)5.45.8910.267.917.18.7
$$\text { (You may use } \mathrm { S } _ { t t } = 2.486 \quad \mathrm {~S} _ { p p } = 3026.234 \quad \mathrm {~S} _ { p t } = 83.634 \text { ) }$$ Angela suggests using the product moment correlation coefficient to calculate the correlation between annual tea consumption and population.
  1. Use Angela's suggestion to test, at the \(5 \%\) level of significance, whether or not there is evidence of any correlation between annual tea consumption and population. State your hypotheses clearly and the critical value used. Johan suggests using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient to calculate the correlation between the rank of annual tea consumption and the rank of population.
  2. Calculate Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between the rank of annual tea consumption and the rank of population.
  3. Use Johan's suggestion to test, at the \(5 \%\) level of significance, whether or not there is evidence of a positive correlation between annual tea consumption and population.
    State your hypotheses clearly and the critical value used.
Edexcel S3 2024 January Q4
10 marks Standard +0.3
  1. The number of jobs sent to a printer per hour in a small office is recorded for 120 hours. The results are summarised in the following table.
Number of jobs012345
Frequency2434282185
  1. Show that the mean number of jobs sent to the printer per hour for these data is 1.75 The office manager believes that the number of jobs sent to the printer per hour can be modelled using a Poisson distribution. The office manager uses the mean given in part (a) to calculate the expected frequencies for this model. Some of the results are given in the following table.
    Number of jobs012345 or more
    Expected frequency20.8536.4931.93\(r\)\(s\)3.95
  2. Show that the value of \(s\) is 8.15 to 2 decimal places.
  3. Find the value of \(r\) to 2 decimal places. The value of \(\sum \frac { \left( O _ { i } - E _ { i } \right) ^ { 2 } } { E _ { i } }\) for the first four frequencies in the table is 1.43
  4. Test, at the \(5 \%\) level of significance, whether or not the number of jobs sent to the printer per hour can be modelled using a Poisson distribution. Show your working clearly, stating your hypotheses, test statistic and critical value.
Edexcel S3 2024 January Q5
9 marks Standard +0.3
  1. A professor claims that undergraduates studying History have a typing speed of more than 15 words per minute faster than undergraduates studying Maths.
A sample is taken of 38 undergraduates studying History and 45 undergraduates studying Maths. The typing speed, \(x\) words per minute, of each undergraduate is recorded. The results are summarised in the table below.
\(n\)\(\bar { x }\)\(s ^ { 2 }\)
Undergraduates studying History3856.327.2
Undergraduates studying Maths4539.818.5
  1. Use a suitable test, at the \(5 \%\) level of significance, to investigate the professor's claim.
    State clearly your hypotheses, test statistic and critical value.
  2. State two assumptions you have made in carrying out the test in part (a).
Edexcel S3 2024 January Q6
15 marks Standard +0.3
  1. A random sample of 8 three-month-old golden retriever dogs is taken.
The heights of the golden retrievers are recorded.
Using this sample, a 95\% confidence interval for the mean height, in cm, of three-month-old golden retrievers is found to be \(( 45.72,53.88 )\)
  1. Find a 99\% confidence interval for the mean height. You may assume that the heights are normally distributed with known population standard deviation. Some summary statistics for the weights, \(x \mathrm {~kg}\), of this sample are given below. $$\sum x = 91.2 \quad \sum x ^ { 2 } = 1145.16 \quad n = 8$$
  2. Calculate unbiased estimates of the mean and the variance of the weights of three-month-old golden retrievers. A further random sample of 24 three-month-old golden retrievers is taken. The unbiased estimates of the mean and the variance of the weights, in kg , from this sample are found to be 10.8 and 17.64 respectively.
  3. Estimate the standard error of the mean weight for the combined sample of 32 three-month-old golden retrievers.
Edexcel S3 2024 January Q7
14 marks Standard +0.8
  1. Small containers and large containers are independently filled with fruit juice.
The amounts of fruit juice in small containers are normally distributed with mean 180 ml and standard deviation 4.5 ml The amounts of fruit juice in large containers are normally distributed with mean 330 ml and standard deviation 6.7 ml The random variable \(W\) represents the total amount of fruit juice in a random sample of 2 small containers minus the amount of fruit juice in 1 randomly selected large container. \(W \sim \mathrm {~N} ( a , b )\) where \(a\) and \(b\) are positive constants.
  1. Find the value of \(a\) and the value of \(b\)
  2. Find the probability that a randomly chosen large container of fruit juice contains more than 1.8 times the amount of fruit juice in a randomly chosen small container. A random sample of 3 small containers of fruit juice is taken.
  3. Find the probability that the first container of fruit juice in this sample contains at least 5 ml more than the mean amount of fruit juice in all 3 small containers.
Edexcel S3 2014 June Q1
8 marks Easy -1.8
  1. A tennis club's committee wishes to select a sample of 50 members to fill in a questionnaire about the club's facilities. The 300 members, of whom 180 are males, are listed in alphabetical order and numbered \(1 - 300\) in the club's membership book.
The club's committee decides to use a random number table to obtain its sample.
The first three lines of the random number table used are given below.
319952241343278811394165008413063179749
722962334461267114806992414837837657339
470684554127067459142920144575311605412
Starting with the top left-hand corner (319) and working across, the committee selects 50 random numbers. The first 2 suitable numbers are 241 and 278. Numbers greater than 300 are ignored.
  1. Find the next two suitable numbers. When the club's committee looks at the members corresponding to their random numbers they find that only 1 female has been selected.
    The committee does not want to be accused of being biased towards males so considers using a systematic sample instead.
    1. Explain clearly how the committee could take a systematic sample.
    2. Explain why a systematic sample may not give a sample that represents the proportion of males and females in the club. The committee decides to use a stratified sample instead.
  3. Describe how to choose members for the stratified sample.
  4. Explain an advantage of using a stratified sample rather than a quota sample.
Edexcel S3 2014 June Q2
7 marks Standard +0.3
2. The random variable \(X\) follows a continuous uniform distribution over the interval \([ \alpha - 3,2 \alpha + 3 ]\) where \(\alpha\) is a constant.
The mean of a random sample of size \(n\) is denoted by \(\bar { X }\)
  1. Show that \(\bar { X }\) is a biased estimator of \(\alpha\), and state the bias. Given that \(Y = k \bar { X }\) is an unbiased estimator for \(\alpha\)
  2. find the value of \(k\). A random sample of 10 values of \(X\) is taken and the results are as follows $$\begin{array} { l l l l l l l l l l } 3 & 5 & 8 & 12 & 4 & 13 & 10 & 8 & 5 & 12 \end{array}$$
  3. Hence estimate the maximum value of \(X\)
Edexcel S3 2014 June Q3
7 marks Standard +0.3
3. A grocer believes that the average weight of a grapefruit from farm \(A\) is greater than the average weight of a grapefruit from farm \(B\). The weights, in grams, of 80 grapefruit selected at random from farm \(A\) have a mean value of 532 g and a standard deviation, \(s _ { A }\), of 35 g . A random sample of 100 grapefruit from farm \(B\) have a mean weight of 520 g and a standard deviation, \(s _ { B }\), of 28 g . Stating your hypotheses clearly and using a 1\% level of significance, test whether or not the grocer's belief is supported by the data.
Edexcel S3 2014 June Q4
12 marks Standard +0.3
4. In a survey 10 randomly selected men had their systolic blood pressure, \(x\), and weight, \(w\), measured. Their results are as follows
Man\(\boldsymbol { A }\)\(\boldsymbol { B }\)\(\boldsymbol { C }\)\(\boldsymbol { D }\)\(\boldsymbol { E }\)\(\boldsymbol { F }\)\(\boldsymbol { G }\)\(\boldsymbol { H }\)\(\boldsymbol { I }\)\(\boldsymbol { J }\)
\(x\)123128137143149153154159162168
\(w\)78938583759888879599
  1. Calculate the value of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between \(x\) and \(w\).
  2. Stating your hypotheses clearly, test at the \(5 \%\) level of significance, whether or not there is evidence of a positive correlation between systolic blood pressure and weight. The product moment correlation coefficient for these data is 0.5114
  3. Use the value of the product moment correlation coefficient to test, at the \(5 \%\) level of significance, whether or not there is evidence of a positive correlation between systolic blood pressure and weight.
  4. Using your conclusions to part (b) and part (c), describe the relationship between systolic blood pressure and weight.