Questions — CAIE (7646 questions)

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CAIE M2 2010 June Q7
11 marks Standard +0.3
7 One end of a light elastic string of natural length 3 m and modulus of elasticity 24 N is attached to a fixed point \(O\). A particle \(P\) of mass 0.4 kg is attached to the other end of the string. \(P\) is projected vertically downwards from \(O\) with initial speed \(2 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\). When the extension of the string is \(x \mathrm {~m}\) the speed of \(P\) is \(v \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\).
  1. Show that \(v ^ { 2 } = 64 + 20 x - 20 x ^ { 2 }\).
  2. Find the greatest speed of the particle.
  3. Calculate the greatest tension in the string.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q1
2 marks Easy -1.2
1 A particle is projected with speed \(15 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(40 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal from a point on horizontal ground. Calculate the time taken for the particle to hit the ground.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q2
6 marks Standard +0.3
2 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{18398d27-15eb-4515-8210-4f0f614d5b28-2_406_483_431_829} \(A O B\) is a uniform lamina in the shape of a quadrant of a circle with centre \(O\) and radius 0.6 m (see diagram).
  1. Calculate the distance of the centre of mass of the lamina from \(A\). The lamina is freely suspended at \(A\) and hangs in equilibrium.
  2. Find the angle between the vertical and the side \(A O\) of the lamina.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q3
6 marks Standard +0.8
3 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{18398d27-15eb-4515-8210-4f0f614d5b28-2_247_839_1375_653} A light elastic string of natural length 1.2 m and modulus of elasticity 24 N is attached to fixed points \(A\) and \(B\) on a smooth horizontal surface, where \(A B = 1.2 \mathrm {~m}\). A particle \(P\) is attached to the mid-point of the string. \(P\) is projected with speed \(0.5 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) along the surface in a direction perpendicular to \(A B\) (see diagram). \(P\) comes to instantaneous rest at a distance 0.25 m from \(A B\).
  1. Show that the mass of \(P\) is 0.8 kg .
  2. Calculate the greatest deceleration of \(P\).
CAIE M2 2011 June Q4
7 marks Standard +0.8
4 A particle \(P\) starts from rest at a point \(O\) and travels in a straight line. The acceleration of \(P\) is \(( 15 - 6 x ) \mathrm { m } \mathrm { s } ^ { - 2 }\), where \(x \mathrm {~m}\) is the displacement of \(P\) from \(O\).
  1. Find the value of \(x\) for which \(P\) reaches its maximum velocity, and calculate this maximum velocity.
  2. Calculate the acceleration of \(P\) when it is at instantaneous rest and \(x > 0\).
CAIE M2 2011 June Q5
8 marks Challenging +1.2
5 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{18398d27-15eb-4515-8210-4f0f614d5b28-3_348_1205_251_470} \(A B C\) is a uniform triangular lamina of weight 19 N , with \(A B = 0.22 \mathrm {~m}\) and \(A C = B C = 0.61 \mathrm {~m}\). The plane of the lamina is vertical. \(A\) rests on a rough horizontal surface, and \(A B\) is vertical. The equilibrium of the lamina is maintained by a light elastic string of natural length 0.7 m which passes over a small smooth peg \(P\) and is attached to \(B\) and \(C\). The portion of the string attached to \(B\) is horizontal, and the portion of the string attached to \(C\) is vertical (see diagram).
  1. Show that the tension in the string is 10 N .
  2. Calculate the modulus of elasticity of the string.
  3. Find the magnitude and direction of the force exerted by the surface on the lamina at \(A\).
CAIE M2 2011 June Q6
9 marks Moderate -0.3
6 A particle \(P\) is projected from a point \(O\) on horizontal ground. 0.4 s after the instant of projection, \(P\) is 5 m above the ground and a horizontal distance of 12 m from \(O\).
  1. Calculate the initial speed and the angle of projection of \(P\).
  2. Find the direction of motion of the particle 0.4 s after the instant of projection.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q7
12 marks Challenging +1.2
7 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{18398d27-15eb-4515-8210-4f0f614d5b28-4_713_933_258_605} A narrow groove is cut along a diameter in the surface of a horizontal disc with centre \(O\). Particles \(P\) and \(Q\), of masses 0.2 kg and 0.3 kg respectively, lie in the groove, and the coefficient of friction between each of the particles and the groove is \(\mu\). The particles are attached to opposite ends of a light inextensible string of length 1 m . The disc rotates with angular velocity \(\omega \mathrm { rad } \mathrm { s } ^ { - 1 }\) about a vertical axis passing through \(O\) and the particles move in horizontal circles (see diagram).
  1. Given that \(\mu = 0.36\) and that both \(P\) and \(Q\) move in the same horizontal circle of radius 0.5 m , calculate the greatest possible value of \(\omega\) and the corresponding tension in the string.
  2. Given instead that \(\mu = 0\) and that the tension in the string is 0.48 N , calculate
    1. the radius of the circle in which \(P\) moves and the radius of the circle in which \(Q\) moves,
    2. the speeds of the particles.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q1
6 marks Moderate -0.3
1 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{1d2e8f3a-dab6-4306-bc4a-d47805947cd2-2_518_609_255_769} A uniform \(\operatorname { rod } A B\) of weight 16 N is freely hinged at \(A\) to a fixed point. A force of magnitude 4 N acting perpendicular to the rod is applied at \(B\) (see diagram). Given that the rod is in equilibrium,
  1. calculate the angle the rod makes with the horizontal,
  2. find the magnitude and direction of the force exerted on the rod at \(A\).
CAIE M2 2011 June Q2
7 marks Challenging +1.2
2 A uniform lamina \(A B C D\) consists of a semicircle \(B C D\) with centre \(O\) and diameter 0.4 m , and an isosceles triangle \(A B D\) with base \(B D = 0.4 \mathrm {~m}\) and perpendicular height \(h \mathrm {~m}\). The centre of mass of the lamina is at \(O\).
  1. Find the value of \(h\).
  2. \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{1d2e8f3a-dab6-4306-bc4a-d47805947cd2-2_680_627_1466_797} The lamina is suspended from a vertical string attached to a point \(X\) on the side \(A D\) of the triangle (see diagram). Given the lamina is in equilibrium with \(A D\) horizontal, calculate \(X D\).
CAIE M2 2011 June Q3
8 marks Standard +0.3
3 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{1d2e8f3a-dab6-4306-bc4a-d47805947cd2-3_385_1154_253_497} A particle \(P\) of mass 0.5 kg is attached to the vertex \(V\) of a fixed solid cone by a light inextensible string. \(P\) lies on the smooth curved surface of the cone and moves in a horizontal circle of radius 0.1 m with centre on the axis of the cone. The cone has semi-vertical angle \(60 ^ { \circ }\) (see diagram).
  1. Calculate the speed of \(P\), given that the tension in the string and the contact force between the cone and \(P\) have the same magnitude.
  2. Calculate the greatest angular speed at which \(P\) can move on the surface of the cone.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q4
9 marks Standard +0.8
4 One end of a light elastic string of natural length 0.5 m and modulus of elasticity 12 N is attached to a fixed point \(O\). The other end of the string is attached to a particle \(P\) of mass \(0.24 \mathrm {~kg} . P\) is projected vertically upwards with speed \(3 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) from a position 0.8 m vertically below \(O\).
  1. Calculate the speed of the particle when it is moving upwards with zero acceleration.
  2. Show that the particle moves 0.6 m while it is moving upwards with constant acceleration.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q5
9 marks Standard +0.8
5 A particle \(P\) of mass 0.4 kg moves in a straight line on a horizontal surface and has velocity \(v \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at time \(t \mathrm {~s}\). A horizontal force of magnitude \(k \sqrt { } v \mathrm {~N}\) opposes the motion of \(P\). When \(t = 0 , v = 9\) and when \(t = 2 , v = 4\).
  1. Express \(\frac { \mathrm { d } v } { \mathrm {~d} t }\) in terms of \(k\) and \(v\), and hence show that \(v = \frac { 1 } { 4 } ( t - 6 ) ^ { 2 }\).
  2. Find the distance travelled by \(P\) in the first 3 seconds of its motion.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q6
11 marks Standard +0.3
6 A particle \(P\) is projected with speed \(26 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(30 ^ { \circ }\) below the horizontal, from a point \(O\) which is 80 m above horizontal ground.
  1. Calculate the distance from \(O\) of the particle 2.3 s after projection.
  2. Find the horizontal distance travelled by \(P\) before it reaches the ground.
  3. Calculate the speed and direction of motion of \(P\) immediately before it reaches the ground.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q1
4 marks Moderate -0.8
1 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{9d377c95-09b8-4893-b29f-8517a5016e8b-2_381_1079_255_534} A particle \(P\) of mass 0.4 kg is attached to a fixed point \(A\) by a light inextensible string. The string is inclined at \(60 ^ { \circ }\) to the vertical. \(P\) moves with constant speed in a horizontal circle of radius 0.2 m . The centre of the circle is vertically below \(A\) (see diagram).
  1. Show that the tension in the string is 8 N .
  2. Calculate the speed of the particle.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q2
6 marks Moderate -0.8
2 A stone is thrown with speed \(15 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) horizontally from the top of a vertical cliff 20 m above the sea. Calculate
  1. the distance from the foot of the cliff to the point where the stone enters the sea,
  2. the speed of the stone when it enters the sea.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q3
6 marks Challenging +1.8
3 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{9d377c95-09b8-4893-b29f-8517a5016e8b-2_786_1249_1455_447} A smooth hemispherical shell, with centre \(O\), weight 12 N and radius 0.4 m , rests on a horizontal plane. A particle of weight \(W \mathrm {~N}\) lies at rest on the inner surface of the hemisphere vertically below \(O\). A force of magnitude \(F \mathrm {~N}\) acting vertically upwards is applied to the highest point of the hemisphere, which is in equilibrium with its axis of symmetry inclined at \(20 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal (see diagram).
  1. Show, by taking moments about \(O\), that \(F = 16.48\) correct to 4 significant figures.
  2. Find the normal contact force exerted by the plane on the hemisphere in terms of \(W\). Hence find the least possible value of \(W\).
CAIE M2 2011 June Q4
8 marks Standard +0.8
4 The ends of a light elastic string of natural length 0.8 m and modulus of elasticity \(\lambda \mathrm { N }\) are attached to fixed points \(A\) and \(B\) which are 1.2 m apart at the same horizontal level. A particle of mass 0.3 kg is attached to the centre of the string, and released from rest at the mid-point of \(A B\). The particle descends 0.32 m vertically before coming to instantaneous rest.
  1. Calculate \(\lambda\).
  2. Calculate the speed of the particle when it is 0.25 m below \(A B\).
CAIE M2 2011 June Q5
8 marks Standard +0.3
5 One end of a light elastic string of natural length 0.3 m and modulus of elasticity 6 N is attached to a fixed point \(O\) on a smooth horizontal plane. The other end of the string is attached to a particle \(P\) of mass 0.2 kg , which moves on the plane in a circular path with centre \(O\). The angular speed of \(P\) is \(\omega \mathrm { rad } \mathrm { s } ^ { - 1 }\).
  1. For the case \(\omega = 5\), calculate the extension of the string.
  2. Express the extension of the string in terms of \(\omega\), and hence find the set of possible value of \(\omega\).
CAIE M2 2011 June Q6
9 marks Challenging +1.2
6 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{9d377c95-09b8-4893-b29f-8517a5016e8b-3_151_949_1206_598} \(O\) and \(A\) are fixed points on a horizontal surface, with \(O A = 0.5 \mathrm {~m}\). A particle \(P\) of mass 0.2 kg is projected horizontally with speed \(3 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) from \(A\) in the direction \(O A\) and moves in a straight line (see diagram). At time \(t \mathrm {~s}\) after projection, the velocity of \(P\) is \(v \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) and its displacement from \(O\) is \(x \mathrm {~m}\). The coefficient of friction between the surface and \(P\) is 0.5 , and a force of magnitude \(\frac { 0.4 } { x ^ { 2 } } \mathrm {~N}\) acts on \(P\) in the direction \(P O\).
  1. Show that, while the particle is in motion, \(v \frac { \mathrm {~d} v } { \mathrm {~d} x } = - \left( 5 + \frac { 2 } { x ^ { 2 } } \right)\).
  2. Calculate the distance travelled by \(P\) before it comes to rest, and show that \(P\) does not subsequently move.
CAIE M2 2011 June Q7
9 marks Challenging +1.2
7 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{9d377c95-09b8-4893-b29f-8517a5016e8b-4_597_1011_251_566} \(A B C D E\) is the cross-section through the centre of mass of a uniform prism resting in equilibrium with \(D E\) on a horizontal surface. The cross-section has the shape of a square \(O B C D\) with sides of length \(a \mathrm {~m}\), from which a quadrant \(O A E\) of a circle of radius 1 m has been removed (see diagram).
  1. Find the distance of the centre of mass of the prism from \(O\), giving the answer in terms of \(a , \pi\) and \(\sqrt { } 2\).
  2. Hence show that $$3 a ^ { 2 } ( 2 - a ) < \frac { 3 } { 2 } \pi - 2$$ and verify that this inequality is satisfied by \(a = 1.68\) but not by \(a = 1.67\).
CAIE M2 2012 June Q1
2 marks Easy -1.2
1 The end \(A\) of a \(\operatorname { rod } A B\) of length 1.2 m is freely pivoted at a fixed point. The rod rotates about \(A\) in a vertical plane. Calculate the angular speed of the rod at an instant when \(B\) has speed \(0.6 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\).
CAIE M2 2012 June Q2
6 marks Standard +0.3
2 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{6d3892e0-8c88-44ec-940f-c526d71a7fc6-2_481_412_440_865} The diagram shows a circular object formed from a uniform semicircular lamina of weight 11 N and a uniform semicircular arc of weight 9 N . The lamina and the arc both have centre \(O\) and radius 0.7 m and are joined at the ends of their common diameter \(A B\).
  1. Show that the distance of the centre of mass of the object from \(O\) is 0.0371 m , correct to 3 significant figures. The object hangs in equilibrium, freely suspended at \(A\).
  2. Find the angle between \(A B\) and the vertical and state whether the lowest point of the object is on the lamina or on the arc.
CAIE M2 2012 June Q3
7 marks Standard +0.3
3 \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{6d3892e0-8c88-44ec-940f-c526d71a7fc6-2_268_652_1599_475} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Fig. 1}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{6d3892e0-8c88-44ec-940f-c526d71a7fc6-2_191_323_1653_1347} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Fig. 2}
\end{figure} A small sphere \(S\) of mass \(m \mathrm {~kg}\) is moving inside a smooth hollow bowl whose axis is vertical and whose sloping side is inclined at \(60 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. \(S\) moves with constant speed in a horizontal circle of radius 0.6 m (see Fig. 1). \(S\) is in contact with both the plane base and the sloping side of the bowl (see Fig. 2).
  1. Given that the magnitudes of the forces exerted on \(S\) by the base and sloping side of the bowl are equal, calculate the speed of \(S\).
  2. Given instead that \(S\) is on the point of losing contact with one of the surfaces, find the angular speed of \(S\).
CAIE M2 2012 June Q4
8 marks Challenging +1.2
4 A light elastic string has natural length 2.4 m and modulus of elasticity 21 N . A particle \(P\) of mass \(m \mathrm {~kg}\) is attached to the mid-point of the string. The ends of the string are attached to fixed points \(A\) and \(B\) which are 2.4 m apart at the same horizontal level. \(P\) is projected vertically upwards with velocity \(12 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) from the mid-point of \(A B\). In the subsequent motion \(P\) is at instantaneous rest at a point 1.6 m above \(A B\).
  1. Find \(m\).
  2. Calculate the acceleration of \(P\) when it first passes through a point 0.5 m below \(A B\).