CAIE FP1 2007 November — Question 8 10 marks

Exam BoardCAIE
ModuleFP1 (Further Pure Mathematics 1)
Year2007
SessionNovember
Marks10
PaperDownload PDF ↗
TopicReduction Formulae
TypeDerive reduction formula by differentiation
DifficultyChallenging +1.8 This is a challenging Further Maths reduction formula question requiring product rule differentiation with chain rule, integration by parts logic, and centroid calculation. While the steps are guided, it demands careful algebraic manipulation of exponential expressions and understanding how differentiation results lead to recurrence relations—significantly harder than standard C3/C4 integration but typical for FP1 reduction formulae.
Spec4.08f Integrate using partial fractions

8 Let \(I _ { n } = \int _ { 0 } ^ { \ln 2 } \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) ^ { n } \mathrm {~d} x\).
  1. Show that $$\frac { \mathrm { d } } { \mathrm {~d} x } \left[ \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } - \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) ^ { n - 1 } \right] = n \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) ^ { n } - 4 ( n - 1 ) \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) ^ { n - 2 } .$$
  2. Hence show that $$n I _ { n } = 4 ( n - 1 ) I _ { n - 2 } + \frac { 3 } { 2 } \left( \frac { 5 } { 2 } \right) ^ { n - 1 } .$$
  3. Use the result in part (ii) to find the \(y\)-coordinate of the centroid of the region bounded by the axes, the line \(x = \ln 2\) and the curve $$y = \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) ^ { 2 } .$$ Give your answer correct to 3 decimal places.

8 Let $I _ { n } = \int _ { 0 } ^ { \ln 2 } \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) ^ { n } \mathrm {~d} x$.\\
(i) Show that

$$\frac { \mathrm { d } } { \mathrm {~d} x } \left[ \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } - \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) ^ { n - 1 } \right] = n \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) ^ { n } - 4 ( n - 1 ) \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) ^ { n - 2 } .$$

(ii) Hence show that

$$n I _ { n } = 4 ( n - 1 ) I _ { n - 2 } + \frac { 3 } { 2 } \left( \frac { 5 } { 2 } \right) ^ { n - 1 } .$$

(iii) Use the result in part (ii) to find the $y$-coordinate of the centroid of the region bounded by the axes, the line $x = \ln 2$ and the curve

$$y = \left( \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } \right) ^ { 2 } .$$

Give your answer correct to 3 decimal places.

\hfill \mbox{\textit{CAIE FP1 2007 Q8 [10]}}