Surface area of revolution

A question is this type if and only if it asks for the surface area (not volume) generated when a curve is rotated about an axis.

17 questions · Challenging +1.3

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CAIE Further Paper 2 2022 November Q3
8 marks Challenging +1.2
3
  1. A curve has equation \(\mathrm { y } = \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { x } } + \frac { 1 } { 4 } \mathrm { e } ^ { - \mathrm { x } }\), for \(0 \leqslant x \leqslant 1\). Find, in terms of \(\pi\) and e , the area of the surface generated when the curve is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis.
  2. Using standard results from the list of formulae (MF19), or otherwise, find the Maclaurin's series for \(\mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \frac { 1 } { 4 } \mathrm { e } ^ { - x }\) up to and including the term in \(x ^ { 2 }\).
CAIE Further Paper 2 2024 November Q3
12 marks Challenging +1.8
3 A curve has equation \(y = \mathrm { e } ^ { x }\) for \(\ln \frac { 4 } { 3 } \leqslant x \leqslant \ln \frac { 12 } { 5 }\). The area of the surface generated when the curve is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis is denoted by \(A\).
  1. Use the substitution \(u = \mathrm { e } ^ { x }\) to show that $$A = 2 \pi \int _ { \frac { 4 } { 3 } } ^ { \frac { 12 } { 5 } } \sqrt { 1 + u ^ { 2 } } \mathrm {~d} u$$
  2. Use the substitution \(u = \sinh v\) to show that $$A = \pi \left( \frac { 904 } { 225 } + \ln \frac { 5 } { 3 } \right) .$$ \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{374b91df-926d-4f7f-a1d3-a54c70e8ff0e-06_2716_38_109_2012} \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{374b91df-926d-4f7f-a1d3-a54c70e8ff0e-07_2726_35_97_20}
CAIE Further Paper 2 2024 November Q3
12 marks Challenging +1.3
3 A curve has equation \(y = \mathrm { e } ^ { x }\) for \(\ln \frac { 4 } { 3 } \leqslant x \leqslant \ln \frac { 12 } { 5 }\). The area of the surface generated when the curve is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis is denoted by \(A\).
  1. Use the substitution \(u = \mathrm { e } ^ { x }\) to show that $$A = 2 \pi \int _ { \frac { 4 } { 3 } } ^ { \frac { 12 } { 5 } } \sqrt { 1 + u ^ { 2 } } \mathrm {~d} u$$
  2. Use the substitution \(u = \sinh v\) to show that $$A = \pi \left( \frac { 904 } { 225 } + \ln \frac { 5 } { 3 } \right) .$$ \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{4af32247-c1f9-4c1f-bdf8-bafe17aca1dc-06_2716_38_109_2012} \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{4af32247-c1f9-4c1f-bdf8-bafe17aca1dc-07_2726_35_97_20}
Edexcel F3 2021 June Q2
7 marks Challenging +1.2
2. A curve has equation $$y = \sqrt { 9 - x ^ { 2 } } \quad 0 \leqslant x \leqslant 3$$
  1. Using calculus, show that the length of the curve is \(\frac { 3 \pi } { 2 }\) The curve is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis.
  2. Using calculus, find the exact area of the surface generated. \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{d7a92540-e36c-4e00-bbe4-b253e09962f8-07_2647_1840_118_111}
Edexcel F3 2018 Specimen Q7
11 marks
  1. The curve \(C\) has parametric equations
$$x = 3 t ^ { 4 } , \quad y = 4 t ^ { 3 } , \quad 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 1$$ The curve \(C\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis. The area of the curved surface generated is \(S\).
  1. Show that $$S = k \pi \int _ { 0 } ^ { 1 } t ^ { 5 } \left( t ^ { 2 } + 1 \right) ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } } \mathrm {~d} t$$ where \(k\) is a constant to be found.
  2. Use the substitution \(u ^ { 2 } = t ^ { 2 } + 1\) to find the value of \(S\), giving your answer in the form \(p \pi ( 11 \sqrt { 2 } - 4 )\) where \(p\) is a rational number to be found.
Edexcel FP3 2011 June Q1
5 marks Challenging +1.2
  1. The curve \(C\) has equation \(y = 2 x ^ { 3 } , 0 \leqslant x \leqslant 2\).
The curve \(C\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis.
Using calculus, find the area of the surface generated, giving your answer to 3 significant figures.
Edexcel FP3 2014 June Q7
9 marks Standard +0.3
7. A circle \(C\) with centre \(O\) and radius \(r\) has cartesian equation \(x ^ { 2 } + y ^ { 2 } = r ^ { 2 }\) where \(r\) is a constant.
  1. Show that \(1 + \left( \frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x } \right) ^ { 2 } = \frac { r ^ { 2 } } { r ^ { 2 } - x ^ { 2 } }\)
  2. Show that the surface area of the sphere generated by rotating \(C\) through \(\pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis is \(4 \pi r ^ { 2 }\).
  3. Write down the length of the arc of the curve \(y = \sqrt { } \left( 1 - x ^ { 2 } \right)\) from \(x = 0\) to \(x = 1\)
OCR MEI FP3 2010 June Q3
24 marks Challenging +1.8
3 A curve \(C\) has equation \(y = x ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } } - \frac { 1 } { 3 } x ^ { \frac { 3 } { 2 } }\), for \(x \geqslant 0\).
  1. Show that the arc of \(C\) for which \(0 \leqslant x \leqslant a\) has length \(a ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } } + \frac { 1 } { 3 } a ^ { \frac { 3 } { 2 } }\).
  2. Find the area of the surface generated when the arc of \(C\) for which \(0 \leqslant x \leqslant 3\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis.
  3. Find the coordinates of the centre of curvature corresponding to the point \(\left( 4 , - \frac { 2 } { 3 } \right)\) on \(C\). The curve \(C\) is one member of the family of curves defined by $$y = p ^ { 2 } x ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } } - \frac { 1 } { 3 } p ^ { 3 } x ^ { \frac { 3 } { 2 } } \quad ( \text { for } x \geqslant 0 )$$ where \(p\) is a parameter (and \(p > 0\) ).
  4. Find the equation of the envelope of this family of curves.
CAIE FP1 2009 June Q4
6 marks Standard +0.8
4 A curve has equation $$y = \frac { 1 } { 3 } x ^ { 3 } + 1$$ The length of the arc of the curve joining the point where \(x = 0\) to the point where \(x = 1\) is denoted by \(s\). Show that $$s = \int _ { 0 } ^ { 1 } \sqrt { } \left( 1 + x ^ { 4 } \right) \mathrm { d } x$$ The surface area generated when this arc is rotated through one complete revolution about the \(x\)-axis is denoted by \(S\). Show that $$S = \frac { 1 } { 9 } \pi ( 18 s + 2 \sqrt { } 2 - 1 )$$ [Do not attempt to evaluate \(s\) or \(S\).]
CAIE FP1 2006 November Q12 OR
Challenging +1.8
The curve \(C\) has equation $$y = x ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } } - \frac { 1 } { 3 } x ^ { \frac { 3 } { 2 } } + \lambda ,$$ where \(\lambda > 0\) and \(0 \leqslant x \leqslant 3\). The length of \(C\) is denoted by \(s\). Prove that \(s = 2 \sqrt { } 3\). The area of the surface generated when \(C\) is rotated through one revolution about the \(x\)-axis is denoted by \(S\). Find \(S\) in terms of \(\lambda\). The \(y\)-coordinate of the centroid of the region bounded by \(C\), the axes and the line \(x = 3\) is denoted by h. Given that \(\int _ { 0 } ^ { 3 } y ^ { 2 } \mathrm {~d} x = \frac { 3 } { 4 } + \frac { 8 \sqrt { } 3 } { 5 } \lambda + 3 \lambda ^ { 2 }\), show that $$\lim _ { \lambda \rightarrow \infty } \frac { S } { h s } = 4 \pi$$
OCR Further Additional Pure 2023 June Q2
6 marks Challenging +1.2
2 A curve has equation \(\mathrm { y } = \sqrt { 1 + \mathrm { x } ^ { 2 } }\), for \(0 \leqslant x \leqslant 1\), where both the \(x\) - and \(y\)-units are in cm. The area of the surface generated when this curve is rotated fully about the \(x\)-axis is \(A \mathrm {~cm} ^ { 2 }\).
  1. Show that \(\mathrm { A } = 2 \pi \int _ { 0 } ^ { 1 } \sqrt { 1 + \mathrm { kx } ^ { 2 } } \mathrm { dx }\) for some integer \(k\) to be determined. A small component for a car is produced in the shape of this surface. The curved surface area of the component must be \(8 \mathrm {~cm} ^ { 2 }\), accurate to within one percent. The engineering process produces such components with a curved surface area accurate to within one half of one percent.
  2. Determine whether all components produced will be suitable for use in the car.
OCR Further Additional Pure Specimen Q1
4 marks
1 A curve is given by \(x = t ^ { 2 } - 2 \ln t , y = 4 t\) for \(t > 0\). When the arc of the curve between the points where \(t = 1\) and \(t = 4\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis, a surface of revolution is formed with surface area \(A\).
Given that \(A = k \pi\), where \(k\) is an integer,
  • write down an integral which gives \(A\) and
  • find the value of \(k\).
Edexcel FP2 2022 June Q10
12 marks Challenging +1.2
10. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{9516df6d-0e85-45d8-afb0-281c80450159-28_387_474_340_324} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 2}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{9516df6d-0e85-45d8-afb0-281c80450159-28_448_716_315_1023} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 3}
\end{figure} Figure 2 shows a picture of a plant pot.
The plant pot has
  • a flat circular base of radius 10 cm
  • a height of 15 cm
Figure 3 shows a sketch of the curve \(C\) with parametric equations $$x = 10 + 15 t - 5 t ^ { 3 } \quad y = 15 t ^ { 2 } \quad 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 1$$ The curved inner surface of the plant pot is modelled by the surface of revolution formed by rotating curve \(C\) through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(y\)-axis.
  1. Show that, according to the model, the area of the curved inner surface of the plant pot is given by $$150 \pi \int _ { 0 } ^ { 1 } \left( 2 + 3 t + 2 t ^ { 2 } + 2 t ^ { 3 } - t ^ { 5 } \right) \mathrm { d } t$$
  2. Determine, according to the model, the total area of the inner surface of the plant pot. Each plant pot will be painted with one coat of paint, both inside and outside. The paint in one tin will cover an area of \(12 \mathrm {~m} ^ { 2 }\)
  3. Use the answer to part (b) to estimate how many plant pots can be painted using one tin of paint.
  4. Give a reason why the model might not give an accurate answer to part (c).
OCR Further Additional Pure 2017 Specimen Q1
4 marks
1 A curve is given by \(x = t ^ { 2 } - 2 \ln t , y = 4 t\) for \(t > 0\). When the arc of the curve between the points where \(t = 1\) and \(t = 4\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis, a surface of revolution is formed with surface area \(A\).
Given that \(A = k \pi\), where \(k\) is an integer, write down an integral which gives \(A\) and find the value of \(k\).
AQA FP2 2006 June Q2
8 marks Challenging +1.2
2 A curve has parametric equations $$x = t - \frac { 1 } { 3 } t ^ { 3 } , \quad y = t ^ { 2 }$$
  1. Show that $$\left( \frac { \mathrm { d } x } { \mathrm {~d} t } \right) ^ { 2 } + \left( \frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} t } \right) ^ { 2 } = \left( 1 + t ^ { 2 } \right) ^ { 2 }$$
  2. The arc of the curve between \(t = 1\) and \(t = 2\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis. Show that \(S\), the surface area generated, is given by \(S = k \pi\), where \(k\) is a rational number to be found.
AQA FP2 2015 June Q3
9 marks Challenging +1.2
3 A curve \(C\) is defined parametrically by $$x = \frac { t ^ { 2 } + 1 } { t } , \quad y = 2 \ln t$$
  1. Show that \(\left( \frac { \mathrm { d } x } { \mathrm {~d} t } \right) ^ { 2 } + \left( \frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} t } \right) ^ { 2 } = \left( 1 + \frac { 1 } { t ^ { 2 } } \right) ^ { 2 }\).
  2. The arc of \(C\) from \(t = 1\) to \(t = 2\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis. Find the area of the surface generated, giving your answer in the form \(\pi ( m \ln 2 + n )\), where \(m\) and \(n\) are integers.
    [0pt] [5 marks]
AQA Further Paper 2 2021 June Q7
7 marks Challenging +1.8
7 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{13abb93f-2fef-465c-980c-3b412de06618-10_854_1027_264_520} The diagram shows a curve known as an astroid.
The curve has parametric equations $$\begin{aligned} & x = 4 \cos ^ { 3 } t \\ & y = 4 \sin ^ { 3 } t \\ & ( 0 \leq t < 2 \pi ) \end{aligned}$$ The section of the curve from \(t = 0\) to \(t = \frac { \pi } { 2 }\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis. Show that the curved surface area of the shape formed is equal to \(\frac { b \pi } { c }\), where \(b\) and \(c\) are integers.