Pre-U Pre-U 9795/1 2013 November — Question 10 8 marks

Exam BoardPre-U
ModulePre-U 9795/1 (Pre-U Further Mathematics Paper 1)
Year2013
SessionNovember
Marks8
TopicRoots of polynomials
TypeSum of powers of roots
DifficultyStandard +0.8 This is a standard symmetric functions question requiring Vieta's formulas and Newton's identities. Part (i) uses the identity (Σα)² - 2Σαβ, part (ii) is straightforward using Σα/αβγδ, and part (iii) requires either Newton's identity or factoring (Σα)³. While systematic, it demands careful algebraic manipulation across multiple steps and knowledge of power sum techniques beyond basic A-level, typical of Further Maths content.
Spec4.05a Roots and coefficients: symmetric functions

The roots of the equation \(x^4 - 2x^3 + 2x^2 + x - 3 = 0\) are \(\alpha\), \(\beta\), \(\gamma\) and \(\delta\). Determine the values of
  1. \(\alpha^2 + \beta^2 + \gamma^2 + \delta^2\), [2]
  2. \(\frac{1}{\alpha} + \frac{1}{\beta} + \frac{1}{\gamma} + \frac{1}{\delta}\), [2]
  3. \(\alpha^3 + \beta^3 + \gamma^3 + \delta^3\). [4]

The roots of the equation $x^4 - 2x^3 + 2x^2 + x - 3 = 0$ are $\alpha$, $\beta$, $\gamma$ and $\delta$. Determine the values of

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\item $\alpha^2 + \beta^2 + \gamma^2 + \delta^2$, [2]
\item $\frac{1}{\alpha} + \frac{1}{\beta} + \frac{1}{\gamma} + \frac{1}{\delta}$, [2]
\item $\alpha^3 + \beta^3 + \gamma^3 + \delta^3$. [4]
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Pre-U Pre-U 9795/1 2013 Q10 [8]}}