Moderate -0.8 This is a straightforward application of standard summation formulae (∑r² and ∑r) that students memorize for FP1. It requires splitting the sum, applying two formulae, factorizing, and identifying k=1/3. While it's a proof question, it follows a completely routine procedure with no problem-solving or insight needed—easier than average even for Further Maths.
3 Show that
$$\sum _ { r = 1 } ^ { n } \left( r ^ { 2 } - r \right) = k n ( n + 1 ) ( n - 1 )$$
where $k$ is a rational number.
\hfill \mbox{\textit{AQA FP1 2006 Q3 [4]}}