Edexcel PMT Mocks — Question 10 6 marks

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModulePMT Mocks (PMT Mocks)
Marks6
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicDifferential equations
TypeSeparable variables - standard (polynomial/exponential x-side)
DifficultyStandard +0.3 This is a straightforward separable variables question requiring standard technique: separate variables, integrate both sides (the right side needs partial fractions or simplification to 12 + 9/x), apply initial condition, and rearrange to the required form. Slightly above average difficulty due to the fractional power and algebraic manipulation needed, but follows a completely standard method with no conceptual challenges.
Spec1.08k Separable differential equations: dy/dx = f(x)g(y)

10. Given that \(y = 8\) at \(x = 1\), solve the differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x } = \frac { ( 12 x + 9 ) y ^ { \frac { 1 } { 3 } } } { x }$$ Giving your answer in the form \(y ^ { 2 } = \mathrm { f } ( x )\).

Question 10:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMark Guidance
\(\int y^{-\frac{1}{3}} \, dy = \int \frac{(12x+9)}{x} \, dx\)B1 Separates variables correctly. No need for integral signs
\(\frac{3}{2}y^{\frac{2}{3}} = 12x + 9\ln x + c\)M1 Integrates left hand side \(Ay^{-\frac{1}{3}}\) to give \(By^{\frac{2}{3}}\)
M1Integrates the right hand side \(A + \frac{B}{x}\) and obtains \(Cx + D\ln x + (c)\)
A1Correct answer for lhs and rhs
Substitutes \(y=8, x=1\): \(\frac{3}{2}(8)^{\frac{2}{3}} = 12(1) + 9\ln(1) + c\), giving \(c = -6\)M1 Substitutes \(y=8\) at \(x=1\) into their function, finds constant \(c\) and attempts to find \(y^2 = \cdots\)
\(y^2 = (8x + 6\ln x - 4)^3\)A1 Correct solution only
Question 11a:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMark Guidance
\(-6x^2 + 24x - 9 \equiv A(x-2)(1-3x) + B(1-3x) + C(x-2)\)M1 Uses a correct identity, either full expansion or \(10x - 5 \equiv B(1-3x) + C(x-2)\), in a complete method to find \(B\) and \(C\)
\(A = 2\)B1
Attempts to find \(B\) or \(C\) from identityM1 By substitution or comparing coefficients
\(B = -3\) and \(C = 1\)A1
Question 11b:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMark Guidance
\(f'(x) = \frac{3}{(x-2)^2} + \frac{3}{(1-3x)^2}\)M1 Differentiates \(2 - 3(x-2)^{-1} + (1-3x)^{-1}\) to give \(A(x-2)^{-2} + B(1-3x)^{-2}\)
\(3(x-2)^{-2} + 3(1-3x)^{-2}\)A1 Correct answer only
Question 11c:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMark Guidance
Both terms of \(f'(x)\) are positive for all values of \(x\), so \(f(x)\) is increasing. \(f'(x) = +ve + +ve > 0\)A1
Question 12a:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMark Guidance
Either splits \(\frac{\sec^2 x - 1}{\sec^2 x} = \frac{\sec^2 x}{\sec^2 x} - \frac{1}{\sec^2 x}\) and uses \(\frac{1}{\sec^2 x} = \cos^2 x\); or states \(\sec^2 x - 1 = \tan^2 x\) and \(\sec^2 x = \frac{1}{\cos^2 x}\)M1
Either replaces \(1 - \cos^2 x = \sin^2 x\), or replaces \(\frac{\tan^2 x}{\frac{1}{\cos^2 x}} = \frac{\sin^2 x}{\cos^2 x} \times \cos^2 x\)M1
Complete correct proof with all necessary intermediate steps, no errorsA1
Question 12b:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMark Guidance
Uses \(\frac{\sec^2 x - 1}{\sec^2 x} = \sin^2 x\) and replaces \(\cos 2x = 1 - 2\sin^2 x\), obtains \(A\sin^2 x = 1\)M1
\(4\sin^2 x = 1\)A1 Correct equation
Two of \(x = 30°, 150°, -210°, -330°, -30°, -150°, 210°, 330°\)A1
\(x = 30°, 150°, -210°, -330°, -30°, -150°, 210°, 330°\)A1 All correct
Question 13a:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMark Guidance
\(\int 1 \times \ln x = x\ln x - \int x \cdot \frac{1}{x} \, dx\)M1 Uses integration by parts the correct way around
\(x\ln x - \int x \cdot \frac{1}{x} \, dx\)A1 Correct expression
\(\int 1 \, dx = Dx\), \(D \neq 0\)M1 Integrates the second term
\(x\ln x - x + c\)A1 Correct integration with \(+c\)
## Question 10:

| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $\int y^{-\frac{1}{3}} \, dy = \int \frac{(12x+9)}{x} \, dx$ | B1 | Separates variables correctly. No need for integral signs |
| $\frac{3}{2}y^{\frac{2}{3}} = 12x + 9\ln x + c$ | M1 | Integrates left hand side $Ay^{-\frac{1}{3}}$ to give $By^{\frac{2}{3}}$ |
| | M1 | Integrates the right hand side $A + \frac{B}{x}$ and obtains $Cx + D\ln x + (c)$ |
| | A1 | Correct answer for lhs and rhs |
| Substitutes $y=8, x=1$: $\frac{3}{2}(8)^{\frac{2}{3}} = 12(1) + 9\ln(1) + c$, giving $c = -6$ | M1 | Substitutes $y=8$ at $x=1$ into their function, finds constant $c$ and attempts to find $y^2 = \cdots$ |
| $y^2 = (8x + 6\ln x - 4)^3$ | A1 | Correct solution only |

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## Question 11a:

| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $-6x^2 + 24x - 9 \equiv A(x-2)(1-3x) + B(1-3x) + C(x-2)$ | M1 | Uses a correct identity, either full expansion or $10x - 5 \equiv B(1-3x) + C(x-2)$, in a complete method to find $B$ and $C$ |
| $A = 2$ | B1 | |
| Attempts to find $B$ or $C$ from identity | M1 | By substitution or comparing coefficients |
| $B = -3$ and $C = 1$ | A1 | |

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## Question 11b:

| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $f'(x) = \frac{3}{(x-2)^2} + \frac{3}{(1-3x)^2}$ | M1 | Differentiates $2 - 3(x-2)^{-1} + (1-3x)^{-1}$ to give $A(x-2)^{-2} + B(1-3x)^{-2}$ |
| $3(x-2)^{-2} + 3(1-3x)^{-2}$ | A1 | Correct answer only |

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## Question 11c:

| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Both terms of $f'(x)$ are positive for all values of $x$, so $f(x)$ is increasing. $f'(x) = +ve + +ve > 0$ | A1 | |

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## Question 12a:

| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Either splits $\frac{\sec^2 x - 1}{\sec^2 x} = \frac{\sec^2 x}{\sec^2 x} - \frac{1}{\sec^2 x}$ and uses $\frac{1}{\sec^2 x} = \cos^2 x$; or states $\sec^2 x - 1 = \tan^2 x$ and $\sec^2 x = \frac{1}{\cos^2 x}$ | M1 | |
| Either replaces $1 - \cos^2 x = \sin^2 x$, or replaces $\frac{\tan^2 x}{\frac{1}{\cos^2 x}} = \frac{\sin^2 x}{\cos^2 x} \times \cos^2 x$ | M1 | |
| Complete correct proof with all necessary intermediate steps, no errors | A1 | |

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## Question 12b:

| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Uses $\frac{\sec^2 x - 1}{\sec^2 x} = \sin^2 x$ and replaces $\cos 2x = 1 - 2\sin^2 x$, obtains $A\sin^2 x = 1$ | M1 | |
| $4\sin^2 x = 1$ | A1 | Correct equation |
| Two of $x = 30°, 150°, -210°, -330°, -30°, -150°, 210°, 330°$ | A1 | |
| $x = 30°, 150°, -210°, -330°, -30°, -150°, 210°, 330°$ | A1 | All correct |

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## Question 13a:

| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $\int 1 \times \ln x = x\ln x - \int x \cdot \frac{1}{x} \, dx$ | M1 | Uses integration by parts the correct way around |
| $x\ln x - \int x \cdot \frac{1}{x} \, dx$ | A1 | Correct expression |
| $\int 1 \, dx = Dx$, $D \neq 0$ | M1 | Integrates the second term |
| $x\ln x - x + c$ | A1 | Correct integration with $+c$ |
10. Given that $y = 8$ at $x = 1$, solve the differential equation

$$\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x } = \frac { ( 12 x + 9 ) y ^ { \frac { 1 } { 3 } } } { x }$$

Giving your answer in the form $y ^ { 2 } = \mathrm { f } ( x )$.\\

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel PMT Mocks  Q10 [6]}}