Edexcel FP1 Specimen — Question 3

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModuleFP1 (Further Pure Mathematics 1)
SessionSpecimen
TopicSecond order differential equations

  1. A vibrating spring, fixed at one end, has an external force acting on it such that the centre of the spring moves in a straight line. At time \(t\) seconds, \(t \geqslant 0\), the displacement of the centre \(C\) of the spring from a fixed point \(O\) is \(x\) micrometres.
The displacement of \(C\) from \(O\) is modelled by the differential equation $$t ^ { 2 } \frac { \mathrm {~d} ^ { 2 } x } { \mathrm {~d} t ^ { 2 } } - 2 t \frac { \mathrm {~d} x } { \mathrm {~d} t } + \left( 2 + t ^ { 2 } \right) x = t ^ { 4 }$$
  1. Show that the transformation \(x = t v\) transforms equation (I) into the equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } v } { \mathrm {~d} t ^ { 2 } } + v = t$$
  2. Hence find the general equation for the displacement of \(C\) from \(O\) at time \(t\) seconds.
    1. State what happens to the displacement of \(C\) from \(O\) as \(t\) becomes large.
    2. Comment on the model with reference to this long term behaviour.