AQA FP2 2010 June — Question 7 10 marks

Exam BoardAQA
ModuleFP2 (Further Pure Mathematics 2)
Year2010
SessionJune
Marks10
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicComplex numbers 2
Typenth roots with preliminary simplification
DifficultyStandard +0.3 This is a standard Further Maths FP2 question testing routine application of De Moivre's theorem and finding nth roots. Part (a) requires converting to modulus-argument form and using index laws (straightforward), while part (b) involves finding cube roots using the standard formula. The calculations are somewhat lengthy but follow well-established procedures with no novel insight required, making it slightly easier than average for an A-level question overall but typical for FP2.
Spec4.02d Exponential form: re^(i*theta)4.02r nth roots: of complex numbers

7
    1. Express each of the numbers \(1 + \sqrt { 3 } \mathrm { i }\) and \(1 - \mathrm { i }\) in the form \(r \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { i } \theta }\), where \(r > 0\).
    2. Hence express $$( 1 + \sqrt { 3 } i ) ^ { 8 } ( 1 - i ) ^ { 5 }$$ in the form \(r \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { i } \theta }\), where \(r > 0\).
  1. Solve the equation $$z ^ { 3 } = ( 1 + \sqrt { 3 } \mathrm { i } ) ^ { 8 } ( 1 - \mathrm { i } ) ^ { 5 }$$ giving your answers in the form \(a \sqrt { 2 } \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { i } \theta }\), where \(a\) is a positive integer and \(- \pi < \theta \leqslant \pi\).
    REFERENCE
    ...................................................................................................................................................
    ..........\(\_\_\_\_\)
    \end{document}

Question 7:
Part (a)(i):
AnswerMarks Guidance
Working/AnswerMark Guidance
\(1+\sqrt{3}\,\mathrm{i}\): \(r = \sqrt{1+3} = 2\), \(\theta = \frac{\pi}{3}\), so \(2e^{i\pi/3}\)B1 Correct modulus
\(1-\mathrm{i}\): \(r = \sqrt{2}\), \(\theta = -\frac{\pi}{4}\), so \(\sqrt{2}\,e^{-i\pi/4}\)M1 A1 M1 for method, A1 both correct
Part (a)(ii):
AnswerMarks Guidance
Working/AnswerMark Guidance
\((1+\sqrt{3}\,\mathrm{i})^8(1-\mathrm{i})^5 = 2^8 e^{i \cdot 8\pi/3} \cdot (\sqrt{2})^5 e^{-i \cdot 5\pi/4}\)M1 Multiply moduli and add arguments
Modulus: \(2^8 \times 2^{5/2} = 2^{8} \times 4\sqrt{2} = 1024\sqrt{2} \cdot 4 = \) wait: \(256 \times 4\sqrt{2} = 1024\sqrt{2}\)A1 Correct modulus \(1024\sqrt{2}\)
Argument: \(\frac{8\pi}{3} - \frac{5\pi}{4} = \frac{32\pi - 15\pi}{12} = \frac{17\pi}{12}\), adjusted to \(\frac{17\pi}{12} - 2\pi = -\frac{7\pi}{12}\)A1 Correct argument \(-\frac{7\pi}{12}\)
Part (b):
AnswerMarks Guidance
Working/AnswerMark Guidance
\(z^3 = 1024\sqrt{2}\, e^{-7\pi i/12}\), so \(z = (1024\sqrt{2})^{1/3} = 8\sqrt{2}\)
General argument: \(\frac{1}{3}\left(-\frac{7\pi}{12} + 2k\pi\right)\) for \(k = 0, \pm1\)M1 Correct method for cube roots
\(k=0\): \(8\sqrt{2}\,e^{-7\pi i/36}\)A1 One correct root
\(k=1\): \(8\sqrt{2}\,e^{i \cdot 17\pi/36}\); \(k=-1\): \(8\sqrt{2}\,e^{-31\pi i/36}\)A1 All three correct roots in required form
## Question 7:

### Part (a)(i):

| Working/Answer | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $1+\sqrt{3}\,\mathrm{i}$: $r = \sqrt{1+3} = 2$, $\theta = \frac{\pi}{3}$, so $2e^{i\pi/3}$ | B1 | Correct modulus |
| $1-\mathrm{i}$: $r = \sqrt{2}$, $\theta = -\frac{\pi}{4}$, so $\sqrt{2}\,e^{-i\pi/4}$ | M1 A1 | M1 for method, A1 both correct |

### Part (a)(ii):

| Working/Answer | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $(1+\sqrt{3}\,\mathrm{i})^8(1-\mathrm{i})^5 = 2^8 e^{i \cdot 8\pi/3} \cdot (\sqrt{2})^5 e^{-i \cdot 5\pi/4}$ | M1 | Multiply moduli and add arguments |
| Modulus: $2^8 \times 2^{5/2} = 2^{8} \times 4\sqrt{2} = 1024\sqrt{2} \cdot 4 = $ wait: $256 \times 4\sqrt{2} = 1024\sqrt{2}$ | A1 | Correct modulus $1024\sqrt{2}$ |
| Argument: $\frac{8\pi}{3} - \frac{5\pi}{4} = \frac{32\pi - 15\pi}{12} = \frac{17\pi}{12}$, adjusted to $\frac{17\pi}{12} - 2\pi = -\frac{7\pi}{12}$ | A1 | Correct argument $-\frac{7\pi}{12}$ |

### Part (b):

| Working/Answer | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $z^3 = 1024\sqrt{2}\, e^{-7\pi i/12}$, so $|z| = (1024\sqrt{2})^{1/3} = 8\sqrt{2}$ | B1 | Correct modulus $8\sqrt{2}$ |
| General argument: $\frac{1}{3}\left(-\frac{7\pi}{12} + 2k\pi\right)$ for $k = 0, \pm1$ | M1 | Correct method for cube roots |
| $k=0$: $8\sqrt{2}\,e^{-7\pi i/36}$ | A1 | One correct root |
| $k=1$: $8\sqrt{2}\,e^{i \cdot 17\pi/36}$; $k=-1$: $8\sqrt{2}\,e^{-31\pi i/36}$ | A1 | All three correct roots in required form |
7 (a) (i) Express each of the numbers $1 + \sqrt { 3 } \mathrm { i }$ and $1 - \mathrm { i }$ in the form $r \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { i } \theta }$, where $r > 0$.\\
(ii) Hence express

$$( 1 + \sqrt { 3 } i ) ^ { 8 } ( 1 - i ) ^ { 5 }$$

in the form $r \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { i } \theta }$, where $r > 0$.\\
(b) Solve the equation

$$z ^ { 3 } = ( 1 + \sqrt { 3 } \mathrm { i } ) ^ { 8 } ( 1 - \mathrm { i } ) ^ { 5 }$$

giving your answers in the form $a \sqrt { 2 } \mathrm { e } ^ { \mathrm { i } \theta }$, where $a$ is a positive integer and $- \pi < \theta \leqslant \pi$.

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|}
\hline
REFERENCE &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
.... & ............................................................................................................................................... \\
\hline
.......... & $\_\_\_\_$ \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
 &  \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}


\end{document}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{AQA FP2 2010 Q7 [10]}}