Edexcel D2 2010 June — Question 6 13 marks

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModuleD2 (Decision Mathematics 2)
Year2010
SessionJune
Marks13
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicThe Simplex Algorithm
TypeComplete Simplex solution
DifficultyStandard +0.3 This is a standard Simplex algorithm question requiring mechanical application of the pivot procedure. Students follow a prescribed method (most negative in profit row), perform row operations, and read off the solution. While it requires careful arithmetic and organization, it involves no problem-solving insight or novel thinking—just executing a learned algorithm with multiple steps.
Spec7.07a Simplex tableau: initial setup in standard format7.07b Simplex iterations: pivot choice and row operations7.07c Interpret simplex: values of variables, slack, and objective

6. The tableau below is the initial tableau for a linear programming problem in \(x , y\) and \(z\). The objective is to maximise the profit, \(P\).
Basic Variable\(x\)\(y\)\(z\)\(r\)\(s\)\(t\)Value
\(r\)01210024
\(s\)21401028
\(t\)-1\(\frac { 1 } { 2 }\)300122
\(P\)-1-2-60000
  1. Write down the profit equation represented in the initial tableau.
    (1)
  2. Taking the most negative number in the profit row to indicate the pivot column at each stage, solve this linear programming problem. Make your method clear by stating the row operations you use.
  3. State the final value of the objective function and of each variable.
    (3)

Question 6:
Part (a)
AnswerMarks Guidance
\(P - x - 2y - 6z = 0\)B1 (1)
Part (b) – First Tableau pivot:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Correct pivot located, attempt to divide rowM1
pivot row correct including change of b.v.A1
Correct row operations used at least once or stated correctlyM1
Looking at non zero-and-one columns, one column ft correctA1ft
caoA1 (5)
Second tableau:
AnswerMarks
\[\begin{array}{cccccccc}
\text{b.v.} & x & y & z & r & s & t & \text{Value} \\ \hline
r & -1 & \frac{1}{2} & 0 & 1 & -\frac{1}{2} & 0 & 10 \\
z & \frac{1}{2} & \frac{1}{4} & 1 & 0 & \frac{1}{4} & 0 & 7 \\
t & -\frac{5}{2} & -\frac{1}{4} & 0 & 0 & -\frac{3}{4} & 1 & 1 \\
P & 2 & -\frac{1}{2} & 0 & 0 & \frac{3}{2} & 0 & 42
\end{array}\]
AnswerMarks Guidance
Row ops: \(R_1 - 2R_2\), \(R_2 \div 4\), \(R_3 - 3R_2\), \(R_4 + 6R_2\)M1, A1ft, A1
(ft) Correct pivot identified – negative pivot gets M0 M0M1
ft pivot row correct including change of bvA1 (4)
Third tableau:
AnswerMarks
\[\begin{array}{cccccccc}
\text{b.v.} & x & y & z & r & s & t & \text{Value} \\ \hline
y & -2 & 1 & 0 & 2 & -1 & 0 & 20 \\
z & 1 & 0 & 1 & -\frac{1}{2} & \frac{1}{2} & 0 & 2 \\
t & -3 & 0 & 0 & \frac{1}{2} & -1 & 1 & 6 \\
P & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 52
\end{array}\]
AnswerMarks
Row ops: \(R_1 \div \frac{1}{2}\), \(R_2 - \frac{1}{4}R_1\), \(R_3 + \frac{1}{4}R_1\), \(R_4 + \frac{1}{2}R_1\)M1, A1ft, M1, A1
Part (c)
AnswerMarks Guidance
\(P=52\), \(x=0\), \(y=20\), \(z=2\), \(r=0\), \(s=0\), \(t=6\)M1, A1ft, A1 (3) At least 4 values stated; no negatives
# Question 6:

## Part (a)
$P - x - 2y - 6z = 0$ | B1 | (1)

## Part (b) – First Tableau pivot:
Correct pivot located, attempt to divide row | M1 |
pivot row correct including change of b.v. | A1 |
Correct row operations used at least once or stated correctly | M1 |
Looking at non zero-and-one columns, one column ft correct | A1ft |
cao | A1 | (5)

Second tableau:
$$\begin{array}{c|ccccccc}
\text{b.v.} & x & y & z & r & s & t & \text{Value} \\ \hline
r & -1 & \frac{1}{2} & 0 & 1 & -\frac{1}{2} & 0 & 10 \\
z & \frac{1}{2} & \frac{1}{4} & 1 & 0 & \frac{1}{4} & 0 & 7 \\
t & -\frac{5}{2} & -\frac{1}{4} & 0 & 0 & -\frac{3}{4} & 1 & 1 \\
P & 2 & -\frac{1}{2} & 0 & 0 & \frac{3}{2} & 0 & 42
\end{array}$$
Row ops: $R_1 - 2R_2$, $R_2 \div 4$, $R_3 - 3R_2$, $R_4 + 6R_2$ | M1, A1ft, A1 |

(ft) Correct pivot identified – negative pivot gets M0 M0 | M1 |
ft pivot row correct including change of bv | A1 | (4)

Third tableau:
$$\begin{array}{c|ccccccc}
\text{b.v.} & x & y & z & r & s & t & \text{Value} \\ \hline
y & -2 & 1 & 0 & 2 & -1 & 0 & 20 \\
z & 1 & 0 & 1 & -\frac{1}{2} & \frac{1}{2} & 0 & 2 \\
t & -3 & 0 & 0 & \frac{1}{2} & -1 & 1 & 6 \\
P & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 0 & 52
\end{array}$$
Row ops: $R_1 \div \frac{1}{2}$, $R_2 - \frac{1}{4}R_1$, $R_3 + \frac{1}{4}R_1$, $R_4 + \frac{1}{2}R_1$ | M1, A1ft, M1, A1 |

## Part (c)
$P=52$, $x=0$, $y=20$, $z=2$, $r=0$, $s=0$, $t=6$ | M1, A1ft, A1 | (3) At least 4 values stated; no negatives

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6. The tableau below is the initial tableau for a linear programming problem in $x , y$ and $z$. The objective is to maximise the profit, $P$.

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|}
\hline
Basic Variable & $x$ & $y$ & $z$ & $r$ & $s$ & $t$ & Value \\
\hline
$r$ & 0 & 1 & 2 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 24 \\
\hline
$s$ & 2 & 1 & 4 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 28 \\
\hline
$t$ & -1 & $\frac { 1 } { 2 }$ & 3 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 22 \\
\hline
$P$ & -1 & -2 & -6 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Write down the profit equation represented in the initial tableau.\\
(1)
\item Taking the most negative number in the profit row to indicate the pivot column at each stage, solve this linear programming problem. Make your method clear by stating the row operations you use.
\item State the final value of the objective function and of each variable.\\
(3)
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel D2 2010 Q6 [13]}}