AQA Further Paper 1 2021 June — Question 6 10 marks

Exam BoardAQA
ModuleFurther Paper 1 (Further Paper 1)
Year2021
SessionJune
Marks10
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicComplex Numbers Arithmetic
TypeQuadratic equations involving zΒ² and z*
DifficultyChallenging +1.8 This Further Maths question requires manipulating complex conjugates to derive a quartic equation, finding all four solutions (including complex arithmetic), plotting them, and calculating a quadrilateral area. The conjugate manipulation and solving z⁴ - 4z² + 1 = 0 requires solid technique and careful algebra, though the structure is relatively guided. The area calculation is straightforward once solutions are found. Significantly harder than standard A-level but not requiring deep novel insight.
Spec4.02e Arithmetic of complex numbers: add, subtract, multiply, divide4.02k Argand diagrams: geometric interpretation

  1. Show that the equation $$(2z - z^*)^* = z^2$$ has exactly four solutions and state these solutions. [7 marks]
    1. Plot the four solutions to the equation in part (a) on the Argand diagram below and join them together to form a quadrilateral with one line of symmetry. [2 marks] \includegraphics{figure_6b}
    2. Show that the area of this quadrilateral is \(\frac{\sqrt{15}}{2}\) square units. [1 mark]

Question 6:

AnswerMarks
6(a)Defines and in terms of two
variables βˆ—
AnswerMarks Guidance
for exam𝑧𝑧ple a𝑧𝑧nd1.1a M1
βˆ—
𝑧𝑧 = π‘₯π‘₯+i𝑦𝑦 𝑧𝑧 = π‘₯π‘₯βˆ’i𝑦𝑦
βˆ—
2π‘§π‘§βˆ’π‘§π‘§ = π‘₯π‘₯+3i𝑦𝑦
βˆ— βˆ—
(2π‘§π‘§βˆ’π‘§π‘§ ) = π‘₯π‘₯βˆ’3i𝑦𝑦
Re: 2 2 2 .........β‘ 
𝑧𝑧 = π‘₯π‘₯ βˆ’π‘¦π‘¦ +2iπ‘₯π‘₯𝑦𝑦
2 2
Im: .........β‘‘
π‘₯π‘₯ = π‘₯π‘₯ βˆ’π‘¦π‘¦
β‘‘ or
βˆ’3𝑦𝑦 = 2π‘₯π‘₯𝑦𝑦
3
β‡’ 𝑦𝑦 = 0 π‘₯π‘₯ = βˆ’2
If then β‘  or 1
𝑦𝑦 = 0 β‡’ π‘₯π‘₯ = 0
If then β‘ 
3 3 9 2
anπ‘₯π‘₯d = βˆ’2 β‡’ βˆ’2 = 4βˆ’π‘¦π‘¦
√15
𝑦𝑦 = Β± 2
So the only solutions are
and
𝑧𝑧 = 0, 𝑧𝑧 = 1,
3 √15 3 √15
𝑧𝑧 = βˆ’2+ 2 i 𝑧𝑧 = βˆ’2βˆ’ 2 i
Hence these are the only solutions
there are exactly four solutions
π‘₯π‘₯ 𝑦𝑦
Obtains correct expressions for
and
AnswerMarks Guidance
βˆ— βˆ— 21.1b A1
( 2π‘§π‘§βˆ’π‘§π‘§ ) 𝑧𝑧
Uses their expressions for
and to form a pair
of simuβˆ—ltaβˆ—neous 2equations
AnswerMarks Guidance
(2π‘§π‘§βˆ’π‘§π‘§ ) 𝑧𝑧3.1a M1
Deduces that the second
equation implies the result
β€œ or ”
AnswerMarks Guidance
32.2a A1
𝑦𝑦 = 0 π‘₯π‘₯ = βˆ’2
Deduces that
Implies the result β€œ or 1”
AnswerMarks Guidance
PI and 𝑦𝑦 = 02.2a A1
π‘₯π‘₯ = 0
Ob𝑧𝑧ta=ins0 any t𝑧𝑧w=o c1orrect
AnswerMarks Guidance
solutions in the form1.1b A1
𝑧𝑧 = β‹―
Produces a clear argument to
conclude that there are exactly
four solutions stating them in the
AnswerMarks Guidance
form2.1 R1
𝑧𝑧 = β‹― Total7
QMarking Instructions AO

AnswerMarks
6(b)(i)Shows their four points correctly
on Argand diagram
AnswerMarks Guidance
Condone no labelling1.1b B1F
Connects their four points to
obtain shape with correct
AnswerMarks Guidance
symmetry1.1b B1F
Total2
QMarking Instructions AO

AnswerMarks Guidance
6(b)(ii)Produces a clear argument to
show the required result2.1 R1
triangle
1 √15 √15
= Γ—1Γ— =
2 2 4

Total area

√15 √15
= 2Γ— 4 = 2
as required
AnswerMarks Guidance
Total1
Question total10
QMarking Instructions AO
Question 6:
--- 6(a) ---
6(a) | Defines and in terms of two
variables βˆ—
for exam𝑧𝑧ple a𝑧𝑧nd | 1.1a | M1 | Let then
βˆ—
𝑧𝑧 = π‘₯π‘₯+i𝑦𝑦 𝑧𝑧 = π‘₯π‘₯βˆ’i𝑦𝑦
βˆ—
2π‘§π‘§βˆ’π‘§π‘§ = π‘₯π‘₯+3i𝑦𝑦
βˆ— βˆ—
(2π‘§π‘§βˆ’π‘§π‘§ ) = π‘₯π‘₯βˆ’3i𝑦𝑦
Re: 2 2 2 .........β‘ 
𝑧𝑧 = π‘₯π‘₯ βˆ’π‘¦π‘¦ +2iπ‘₯π‘₯𝑦𝑦
2 2
Im: .........β‘‘
π‘₯π‘₯ = π‘₯π‘₯ βˆ’π‘¦π‘¦
β‘‘ or
βˆ’3𝑦𝑦 = 2π‘₯π‘₯𝑦𝑦
3
β‡’ 𝑦𝑦 = 0 π‘₯π‘₯ = βˆ’2
If then β‘  or 1
𝑦𝑦 = 0 β‡’ π‘₯π‘₯ = 0
If then β‘ 
3 3 9 2
anπ‘₯π‘₯d = βˆ’2 β‡’ βˆ’2 = 4βˆ’π‘¦π‘¦
√15
𝑦𝑦 = Β± 2
So the only solutions are
and
𝑧𝑧 = 0, 𝑧𝑧 = 1,
3 √15 3 √15
𝑧𝑧 = βˆ’2+ 2 i 𝑧𝑧 = βˆ’2βˆ’ 2 i
Hence these are the only solutions
there are exactly four solutions
π‘₯π‘₯ 𝑦𝑦
Obtains correct expressions for
and
βˆ— βˆ— 2 | 1.1b | A1
( 2π‘§π‘§βˆ’π‘§π‘§ ) 𝑧𝑧
Uses their expressions for
and to form a pair
of simuβˆ—ltaβˆ—neous 2equations
(2π‘§π‘§βˆ’π‘§π‘§ ) 𝑧𝑧 | 3.1a | M1
Deduces that the second
equation implies the result
β€œ or ”
3 | 2.2a | A1
𝑦𝑦 = 0 π‘₯π‘₯ = βˆ’2
Deduces that
Implies the result β€œ or 1”
PI and 𝑦𝑦 = 0 | 2.2a | A1
π‘₯π‘₯ = 0
Ob𝑧𝑧ta=ins0 any t𝑧𝑧w=o c1orrect
solutions in the form | 1.1b | A1
𝑧𝑧 = β‹―
Produces a clear argument to
conclude that there are exactly
four solutions stating them in the
form | 2.1 | R1
𝑧𝑧 = β‹― Total | 7
Q | Marking Instructions | AO | Marks | Typical solution
--- 6(b)(i) ---
6(b)(i) | Shows their four points correctly
on Argand diagram
Condone no labelling | 1.1b | B1F
Connects their four points to
obtain shape with correct
symmetry | 1.1b | B1F
Total | 2
Q | Marking Instructions | AO | Marks | Typical solution
--- 6(b)(ii) ---
6(b)(ii) | Produces a clear argument to
show the required result | 2.1 | R1 | Area of upper triangle = Area of lower
triangle
1 √15 √15
= Γ—1Γ— =
2 2 4
Total area
√15 √15
= 2Γ— 4 = 2
as required
Total | 1
Question total | 10
Q | Marking Instructions | AO | Marks | Typical solution
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Show that the equation
$$(2z - z^*)^* = z^2$$
has exactly four solutions and state these solutions.
[7 marks]

\item 
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\item Plot the four solutions to the equation in part (a) on the Argand diagram below and join them together to form a quadrilateral with one line of symmetry.
[2 marks]

\includegraphics{figure_6b}

\item Show that the area of this quadrilateral is $\frac{\sqrt{15}}{2}$ square units.
[1 mark]
\end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{AQA Further Paper 1 2021 Q6 [10]}}