| Exam Board | CAIE |
|---|---|
| Module | P3 (Pure Mathematics 3) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Session | March |
| Marks | 10 |
| Paper | Download PDF ↗ |
| Mark scheme | Download PDF ↗ |
| Topic | Integration with Partial Fractions |
| Type | Partial fractions with irreducible quadratic |
| Difficulty | Challenging +1.2 This is a standard partial fractions question with an irreducible quadratic factor, requiring decomposition into A/(1+x) + (Bx+C)/(4+x²), followed by routine integration using ln and arctan. While it involves multiple steps and careful algebra, it follows a well-established procedure taught explicitly in P3/C4 courses with no novel insight required. |
| Spec | 1.02y Partial fractions: decompose rational functions1.05i Inverse trig functions: arcsin, arccos, arctan domains and graphs1.08c Integrate e^(kx), 1/x, sin(kx), cos(kx)1.08j Integration using partial fractions |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
| State or imply the form \(\dfrac{Ax+B}{4+x^2}+\dfrac{C}{1+x}\) | B1 | |
| Use a correct method for finding a coefficient | M1 | \((Ax+B)(1+x)+C(4+x^2)=5x^2+x+11\) |
| Obtain one of \(A=2\), \(B=-1\) and \(C=3\) | A1 | If error present in above still allow A1 for \(C\) |
| Obtain a second value | A1 | |
| Obtain the third value | A1 | If \(A=0\) then max M1 A1 (for \(C\)) |
| 5 |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
| Integrate and obtain terms \(\left(\dfrac{A}{2}\right)\ln(4+x^2)+\dfrac{B}{2}\tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)+C\ln(1+x)\) | B1FT + B1FT + B1FT | FT is on \(A\), \(B\) and \(C\). Integral of \(\dfrac{Ax+B}{4+x^2}=\dfrac{B}{2}\tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)\) or \((A/2)\ln(4+x^2)\) only. B0FT unless clearly from single term. |
| Substitute limits 0 and 2 correctly in an integral of the form \(a\ln(4+x^2)+b\tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)+c\ln(1+x)\), where \(abc\neq 0\) | M1 | \(a\ln(4+4)+b\tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{2}{2}\right)+c\ln(1+2)-\left[a\ln 4+b\tan^{-1}0+c\ln(1)\right]\). Allow one sign or substitution error. Allow omission of \(b\tan^{-1}0+c\ln(1)\). |
| Obtain answer \(\ln 54-\dfrac{\pi}{8}\) after full and correct working | A1 | AG – work to combine or simplify at least 2 of ln terms is required CWO. A0 if any non exact value(s) seen. |
| 5 |
## Question 11(a):
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|--------|-------|----------|
| State or imply the form $\dfrac{Ax+B}{4+x^2}+\dfrac{C}{1+x}$ | **B1** | |
| Use a correct method for finding a coefficient | **M1** | $(Ax+B)(1+x)+C(4+x^2)=5x^2+x+11$ |
| Obtain one of $A=2$, $B=-1$ and $C=3$ | **A1** | If error present in above still allow A1 for $C$ |
| Obtain a second value | **A1** | |
| Obtain the third value | **A1** | If $A=0$ then max M1 A1 (for $C$) |
| | **5** | |
---
## Question 11(b):
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|--------|-------|----------|
| Integrate and obtain terms $\left(\dfrac{A}{2}\right)\ln(4+x^2)+\dfrac{B}{2}\tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)+C\ln(1+x)$ | **B1FT + B1FT + B1FT** | FT is on $A$, $B$ and $C$. Integral of $\dfrac{Ax+B}{4+x^2}=\dfrac{B}{2}\tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)$ or $(A/2)\ln(4+x^2)$ only. B0FT unless clearly from single term. |
| Substitute limits 0 and 2 correctly in an integral of the form $a\ln(4+x^2)+b\tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{x}{2}\right)+c\ln(1+x)$, where $abc\neq 0$ | **M1** | $a\ln(4+4)+b\tan^{-1}\!\left(\dfrac{2}{2}\right)+c\ln(1+2)-\left[a\ln 4+b\tan^{-1}0+c\ln(1)\right]$. Allow one sign or substitution error. Allow omission of $b\tan^{-1}0+c\ln(1)$. |
| Obtain answer $\ln 54-\dfrac{\pi}{8}$ after full and correct working | **A1** | AG – work to combine or simplify at least 2 of ln terms is required CWO. A0 if any non exact value(s) seen. |
| | **5** | |
11 Let $\mathrm { f } ( x ) = \frac { 5 x ^ { 2 } + x + 11 } { \left( 4 + x ^ { 2 } \right) ( 1 + x ) }$.
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Express $\mathrm { f } ( x )$ in partial fractions.\\
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\item Hence show that $\int _ { 0 } ^ { 2 } \mathrm { f } ( x ) \mathrm { d } x = \ln 54 - \frac { 1 } { 8 } \pi$.\\
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\end{enumerate}
\hfill \mbox{\textit{CAIE P3 2023 Q11 [10]}}