AQA C3 2012 June — Question 2 7 marks

Exam BoardAQA
ModuleC3 (Core Mathematics 3)
Year2012
SessionJune
Marks7
PaperDownload PDF ↗
TopicFixed Point Iteration
TypeSolve exponential equation via iteration
DifficultyStandard +0.3 This is a standard C3 fixed-point iteration question with routine parts: showing a root lies in an interval (sign change), algebraic rearrangement (straightforward), applying an iterative formula (calculator work), and drawing a cobweb diagram (standard graphical technique). All parts are textbook exercises requiring no novel insight, making it slightly easier than average.
Spec1.06d Natural logarithm: ln(x) function and properties1.09a Sign change methods: locate roots1.09c Simple iterative methods: x_{n+1} = g(x_n), cobweb and staircase diagrams

2 For \(0 < x \leqslant 2\), the curves with equations \(y = 4 \ln x\) and \(y = \sqrt { x }\) intersect at a single point where \(x = \alpha\).
  1. Show that \(\alpha\) lies between 0.5 and 1.5.
  2. Show that the equation \(4 \ln x = \sqrt { x }\) can be rearranged into the form $$x = \mathrm { e } ^ { \left( \frac { \sqrt { x } } { 4 } \right) }$$
  3. Use the iterative formula $$x _ { n + 1 } = \mathrm { e } ^ { \left( \frac { \sqrt { x _ { n } } } { 4 } \right) }$$ with \(x _ { 1 } = 0.5\) to find the values of \(x _ { 2 }\) and \(x _ { 3 }\), giving your answers to three decimal places.
  4. Figure 1, on the page 3, shows a sketch of parts of the graphs of \(y = \mathrm { e } ^ { \left( \frac { \sqrt { x } } { 4 } \right) }\) and \(y = x\), and the position of \(x _ { 1 }\). On Figure 1, draw a cobweb or staircase diagram to show how convergence takes place, indicating the positions of \(x _ { 2 }\) and \(x _ { 3 }\) on the \(x\)-axis. \begin{figure}[h]
    \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 1} \includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{d3c66c34-b09c-4223-8383-cf0a68419bf9-3_1285_1543_356_296}
    \end{figure}

2 For $0 < x \leqslant 2$, the curves with equations $y = 4 \ln x$ and $y = \sqrt { x }$ intersect at a single point where $x = \alpha$.
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Show that $\alpha$ lies between 0.5 and 1.5.
\item Show that the equation $4 \ln x = \sqrt { x }$ can be rearranged into the form

$$x = \mathrm { e } ^ { \left( \frac { \sqrt { x } } { 4 } \right) }$$
\item Use the iterative formula

$$x _ { n + 1 } = \mathrm { e } ^ { \left( \frac { \sqrt { x _ { n } } } { 4 } \right) }$$

with $x _ { 1 } = 0.5$ to find the values of $x _ { 2 }$ and $x _ { 3 }$, giving your answers to three decimal places.
\item Figure 1, on the page 3, shows a sketch of parts of the graphs of $y = \mathrm { e } ^ { \left( \frac { \sqrt { x } } { 4 } \right) }$ and $y = x$, and the position of $x _ { 1 }$.

On Figure 1, draw a cobweb or staircase diagram to show how convergence takes place, indicating the positions of $x _ { 2 }$ and $x _ { 3 }$ on the $x$-axis.

\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{center}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
\caption{Figure 1}
  \includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{d3c66c34-b09c-4223-8383-cf0a68419bf9-3_1285_1543_356_296}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{AQA C3 2012 Q2 [7]}}