Edexcel S2 2020 October — Question 1 8 marks

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModuleS2 (Statistics 2)
Year2020
SessionOctober
Marks8
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicContinuous Probability Distributions and Random Variables
TypeVerify algebraic PDF formula
DifficultyStandard +0.3 This is a straightforward S2 question requiring integration of a polynomial PDF and setting it equal to 1, then algebraic manipulation to reach the given result. Part (b) requires finding the maximum by differentiation. Both parts use standard techniques with no novel insight required, making it slightly easier than average.
Spec5.03a Continuous random variables: pdf and cdf5.03b Solve problems: using pdf

1. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{3a781851-e2cc-4379-8b8c-abb3060a6019-02_572_497_299_726} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 1}
\end{figure} Figure 1 shows a sketch of the probability density function \(\mathrm { f } ( x )\) of the random variable \(X\). For \(1 \leqslant x \leqslant 2 , \mathrm { f } ( x )\) is represented by a curve with equation \(\mathrm { f } ( x ) = k \left( \frac { 1 } { 2 } x ^ { 3 } - 3 x ^ { 2 } + a x + 1 \right)\) where \(k\) and \(a\) are constants. For all other values of \(x , \mathrm { f } ( x ) = 0\)
  1. Use algebraic integration to show that \(k ( 12 a - 33 ) = 8\) Given that \(a = 5\)
  2. calculate the mode of \(X\).
    VI4V SIHI NI JIIIM ION OCVIAN SIHI NI IHMM I ON OOVAYV SIHI NI JIIIM ION OO

Question 1:
Part (a)
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMark Guidance
\(\int_1^2 k\left(\frac{1}{2}x^3 - 3x^2 + ax + 1\right)dx [=1]\)M1 Attempting to integrate f(x), at least one term \(x^n \to x^{n+1}\). Ignore limits. No need to equate to 1
\(k\left[\frac{1}{8}x^4 - x^3 + \frac{1}{2}ax^2 + x\right]_1^2 [=1]\)A1 Fully correct integration. Allow unsimplified. Ignore limits, accept any letters. Allow \(+C\). No need to equate to 1
\(k(2-8+2a+2) - k\left(\frac{1}{8}-1+\frac{1}{2}a+1\right)=1\) or \(k(2a-4)-k\left(\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{2}a\right)=1\)dM1 Dep on 1st M1. Subst correct limits, subtracting results and equate to 1. Allow use of F(2)=1 and F(1)=0
\(-\frac{33}{8}k + \frac{3}{2}ka = 1 \therefore k(12a-33)=8\) ✳A1* Given answer. Correct solution only. At least one correct line of working required between \(k(2a-4)-k\left(\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{2}a\right)=1\) and final answer
Part (b)
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMark Guidance
\(\frac{df(x)}{dx} = k\left(\frac{3}{2}x^2 - 6x + a\right)\)M1 Attempting to differentiate f(x), at least one term \(x^n \to x^{n-1}\). Condone missing \(k\) or incorrect value for \(k\)
\(\frac{3}{2}x^2 - 6x + 5 = 0\) or \(\frac{4}{9}x^2 - \frac{16}{9}x + \frac{40}{27}=0\)dM1 Dep on first M1. Setting differential (or multiple of) \(= 0\). May be implied by awrt 1.18 or awrt 2.82
\(x = \frac{6 \pm \sqrt{6^2 - 4\times1.5\times5}}{3}\)M1 Correct method for solving their 3-term quadratic. May be implied by awrt 1.18 or awrt 2.82. Minimum for method if final answer incorrect: form \(\frac{6\pm\sqrt{6}}{3}\)
\(x = 2 - \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}\) oe or 1.183... (awrt 1.18)A1 Allow equivalent exact answer. awrt 1.18. Must eliminate the 2.816... or clearly indicate which of the 2 solutions is their answer
# Question 1:

## Part (a)

| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $\int_1^2 k\left(\frac{1}{2}x^3 - 3x^2 + ax + 1\right)dx [=1]$ | M1 | Attempting to integrate f(x), at least one term $x^n \to x^{n+1}$. Ignore limits. No need to equate to 1 |
| $k\left[\frac{1}{8}x^4 - x^3 + \frac{1}{2}ax^2 + x\right]_1^2 [=1]$ | A1 | Fully correct integration. Allow unsimplified. Ignore limits, accept any letters. Allow $+C$. No need to equate to 1 |
| $k(2-8+2a+2) - k\left(\frac{1}{8}-1+\frac{1}{2}a+1\right)=1$ **or** $k(2a-4)-k\left(\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{2}a\right)=1$ | dM1 | Dep on 1st M1. Subst correct limits, subtracting results and equate to 1. Allow use of F(2)=1 and F(1)=0 |
| $-\frac{33}{8}k + \frac{3}{2}ka = 1 \therefore k(12a-33)=8$ ✳ | A1* | Given answer. Correct solution only. At least one correct line of working required between $k(2a-4)-k\left(\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{2}a\right)=1$ and final answer |

## Part (b)

| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $\frac{df(x)}{dx} = k\left(\frac{3}{2}x^2 - 6x + a\right)$ | M1 | Attempting to differentiate f(x), at least one term $x^n \to x^{n-1}$. Condone missing $k$ or incorrect value for $k$ |
| $\frac{3}{2}x^2 - 6x + 5 = 0$ **or** $\frac{4}{9}x^2 - \frac{16}{9}x + \frac{40}{27}=0$ | dM1 | Dep on first M1. Setting differential (or multiple of) $= 0$. May be implied by awrt 1.18 or awrt 2.82 |
| $x = \frac{6 \pm \sqrt{6^2 - 4\times1.5\times5}}{3}$ | M1 | Correct method for solving their 3-term quadratic. May be implied by awrt 1.18 or awrt 2.82. Minimum for method if final answer incorrect: form $\frac{6\pm\sqrt{6}}{3}$ |
| $x = 2 - \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3}$ oe or 1.183... (awrt 1.18) | A1 | Allow equivalent exact answer. awrt 1.18. Must eliminate the 2.816... or clearly indicate which of the 2 solutions is their answer |

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1.

\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{center}
  \includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{3a781851-e2cc-4379-8b8c-abb3060a6019-02_572_497_299_726}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
\caption{Figure 1}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

Figure 1 shows a sketch of the probability density function $\mathrm { f } ( x )$ of the random variable $X$. For $1 \leqslant x \leqslant 2 , \mathrm { f } ( x )$ is represented by a curve with equation $\mathrm { f } ( x ) = k \left( \frac { 1 } { 2 } x ^ { 3 } - 3 x ^ { 2 } + a x + 1 \right)$ where $k$ and $a$ are constants.

For all other values of $x , \mathrm { f } ( x ) = 0$
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Use algebraic integration to show that $k ( 12 a - 33 ) = 8$

Given that $a = 5$
\item calculate the mode of $X$.

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}
\hline
VI4V SIHI NI JIIIM ION OC & VIAN SIHI NI IHMM I ON OO & VAYV SIHI NI JIIIM ION OO \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel S2 2020 Q1 [8]}}