3 A crate of mass 45 kg is sliding with a speed of \(0.8 \mathrm {~ms} ^ { - 1 }\) in a straight line across a smooth horizontal floor. One end of a light inextensible rope is attached to the crate. At a certain instant a builder takes the other end of the rope and starts to pull, applying a constant force of 80 N for 5 seconds.
While the builder is pulling the crate, the rope makes a constant angle of \(40 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal. Both the rope and the velocity of the crate lie in the same vertical plane (see diagram).
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It may be assumed that there is no resistance to the motion of the crate.
- Determine the work done by the builder in pulling the crate.
- Find the kinetic energy of the crate at the instant when the builder stops pulling the crate.
- Explain why the answers to part (a) and part (b)(i) are not equal.
- Find the average power developed by the builder in pulling the crate.
- Calculate the total impulse exerted on the crate by the builder.