5 The equation \(z ^ { 3 } - 5 z ^ { 2 } + 3 z - 4 = 0\) has roots \(\alpha , \beta\) and \(\gamma\). Find the cubic equation whose roots are \(\frac { \alpha } { 2 } + 1 , \frac { \beta } { 2 } + 1\), \(\frac { \gamma } { 2 } + 1\), expressing your answer in a form with integer coefficients.
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Question 5:
Answer Marks
Guidance
Answer Marks
Guidance
\(\omega = \dfrac{z}{2}+1 \Rightarrow z = 2(\omega - 1)\) B1
Substitution
\((2(\omega-1))^3 - 5(2(\omega-1))^2 + 3(2(\omega-1)) - 4 = 0\) M1
Substitute their expression for \(z\) into cubic and attempt to expand
\(\Rightarrow 4\omega^3 - 22\omega^2 + 35\omega - 19 = 0\) A4
Minus 1 each error (allow integer multiples)
[6]
OR:
Answer Marks
Guidance
Answer Marks
Guidance
\(\alpha+\beta+\gamma = 5\), \(\alpha\beta+\alpha\gamma+\beta\gamma = 3\), \(\alpha\beta\gamma = 4\) B1
Correct sums and products of roots
\(k+l+m = \tfrac{1}{2}(\alpha+\beta+\gamma)+3 = \tfrac{11}{2} = \dfrac{-B}{A}\) M1
Attempt to use root relations of original equation to find all three sums and products of roots in related equation
\(kl+km+lm = \tfrac{1}{4}(\alpha\beta+\alpha\gamma+\beta\gamma) + (\alpha+\beta+\gamma)+3 = \tfrac{35}{4} = \dfrac{C}{A}\)
\(klm = \tfrac{1}{8}\alpha\beta\gamma + \tfrac{1}{4}(\alpha\beta+\beta\gamma+\beta\gamma) + \tfrac{1}{2}(\alpha+\beta+\gamma)+1 = \tfrac{19}{4} = \dfrac{-D}{A}\)
\(\Rightarrow \omega^3 - \tfrac{11}{2}\omega^2 + \tfrac{35}{4}\omega - \tfrac{19}{4} = 0\)
(*)
\(\Rightarrow 4\omega^3 - 22\omega^2 + 35\omega - 19 = 0\) A4
SC (*) A3; Minus 1 each error (allow integer multiples)
[6]
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## Question 5:
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|--------|-------|----------|
| $\omega = \dfrac{z}{2}+1 \Rightarrow z = 2(\omega - 1)$ | B1 | Substitution |
| $(2(\omega-1))^3 - 5(2(\omega-1))^2 + 3(2(\omega-1)) - 4 = 0$ | M1 | Substitute their expression for $z$ into cubic and attempt to expand |
| $\Rightarrow 4\omega^3 - 22\omega^2 + 35\omega - 19 = 0$ | A4 | Minus 1 each error (allow integer multiples) |
| **[6]** | | |
**OR:**
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|--------|-------|----------|
| $\alpha+\beta+\gamma = 5$, $\alpha\beta+\alpha\gamma+\beta\gamma = 3$, $\alpha\beta\gamma = 4$ | B1 | Correct sums and products of roots |
| $k+l+m = \tfrac{1}{2}(\alpha+\beta+\gamma)+3 = \tfrac{11}{2} = \dfrac{-B}{A}$ | M1 | Attempt to use root relations of original equation to find all three sums and products of roots in related equation |
| $kl+km+lm = \tfrac{1}{4}(\alpha\beta+\alpha\gamma+\beta\gamma) + (\alpha+\beta+\gamma)+3 = \tfrac{35}{4} = \dfrac{C}{A}$ | | |
| $klm = \tfrac{1}{8}\alpha\beta\gamma + \tfrac{1}{4}(\alpha\beta+\beta\gamma+\beta\gamma) + \tfrac{1}{2}(\alpha+\beta+\gamma)+1 = \tfrac{19}{4} = \dfrac{-D}{A}$ | | |
| $\Rightarrow \omega^3 - \tfrac{11}{2}\omega^2 + \tfrac{35}{4}\omega - \tfrac{19}{4} = 0$ | | (*) |
| $\Rightarrow 4\omega^3 - 22\omega^2 + 35\omega - 19 = 0$ | A4 | SC (*) A3; Minus 1 each error (allow integer multiples) |
| **[6]** | | |
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5 The equation $z ^ { 3 } - 5 z ^ { 2 } + 3 z - 4 = 0$ has roots $\alpha , \beta$ and $\gamma$. Find the cubic equation whose roots are $\frac { \alpha } { 2 } + 1 , \frac { \beta } { 2 } + 1$, $\frac { \gamma } { 2 } + 1$, expressing your answer in a form with integer coefficients.
\hfill \mbox{\textit{OCR MEI FP1 2012 Q5 [6]}}