| Exam Board | CAIE |
|---|---|
| Module | P3 (Pure Mathematics 3) |
| Year | 2011 |
| Session | June |
| Marks | 10 |
| Paper | Download PDF ↗ |
| Mark scheme | Download PDF ↗ |
| Topic | Vectors: Lines & Planes |
| Type | Line of intersection of planes |
| Difficulty | Standard +0.3 This is a standard two-part vectors question requiring routine techniques: (i) finding the angle between planes using the dot product of normal vectors, and (ii) finding the line of intersection by solving simultaneous equations and expressing in vector form. Both are textbook procedures with no novel insight required, making it slightly easier than average. |
| Spec | 4.04b Plane equations: cartesian and vector forms4.04c Scalar product: calculate and use for angles4.04d Angles: between planes and between line and plane |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| (i) State or imply a correct normal vector to either plane, e.g. \(\mathbf{i} + 2\mathbf{j} - 2\mathbf{k}\) or \(2\mathbf{i} + \mathbf{j} + 3\mathbf{k}\) | B1 | |
| Carry out correct process for evaluating the scalar product of the two normals | M1 | |
| Using the correct process for the moduli, divide the scalar product by the product of the moduli and evaluate the inverse cosine of the result | M1 | |
| Obtain the final answer \(79.75°\) (or \(1.39\) radians) | A1 | [4] |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| Carry out a method for finding a point on the line | M1 |
| Obtain such a point, e.g. \((1, 3, 0)\) | A1 |
| EITHER: State two correct equations for the direction vector \((a, b, c)\) of the line, e.g. \(a + 2b - 2c = 0\) and \(2a + b + 3c = 0\) | B1 |
| Solve for one ratio, e.g. \(a : b\) | M1 |
| Obtain \(a : b : c = 8 : -7 : -3\), or equivalent | A1 |
| State a correct final answer, e.g. \(\mathbf{r} = \mathbf{i} + 3\mathbf{j} + \lambda(8\mathbf{i} - 7\mathbf{j} - 3\mathbf{k})\) | A1√ |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| Obtain a second point on the line, e.g. \(\left(0, \frac{31}{8}, \frac{3}{8}\right)\) | A1 |
| Subtract position vectors to find a direction vector | M1 |
| Obtain \(\mathbf{i} - \frac{7}{8}\mathbf{j} - \frac{3}{8}\mathbf{k}\), or equivalent | A1 |
| State a correct final answer, e.g. \(\mathbf{r} = \mathbf{i} + 3\mathbf{j} + \lambda\left(-\frac{7}{8}\mathbf{j} - \frac{3}{8}\mathbf{k}\right)\) | A1√ |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| Attempt to calculate the vector product of two normals | M1 |
| Obtain two correct components | A1 |
| Obtain \(8\mathbf{i} - 7\mathbf{j} - 3\mathbf{k}\), or equivalent | A1 |
| State a correct final answer, e.g. \(\mathbf{r} = \mathbf{i} + 3\mathbf{j} + \lambda(8\mathbf{i} - 7\mathbf{j} - 3\mathbf{k})\) | A1√ |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| Express one variable in terms of a second | M1 |
| Obtain a correct simplified expression, e.g. \(x = (31 - 8y) / 7\) | A1 |
| Express the first variable in terms of a third | M1 |
| Obtain a correct simplified expression, e.g. \(x = (3 - 3z) / 3\) | A1 |
| Form a vector equation of the line | M1 |
| State a correct final answer, e.g. \(\mathbf{r} = \frac{31}{8}\mathbf{i} + \frac{3}{8}\mathbf{k} + \lambda(8\mathbf{i} - 7\mathbf{j} - 3\mathbf{k})\) | A1√ |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Express one variable in terms of a second | M1 | |
| Obtain a correct simplified expression, e.g. \(y = (31 - 7x) / 7\) | A1 | |
| Express the third variable in terms of the second | M1 | |
| Obtain a correct simplified expression, e.g. \(z = (3 - 3x) / 8\) | A1 | |
| Form a vector equation of the line | M1 | |
| State a correct final answer, e.g. \(\mathbf{r} = \frac{31}{8}\mathbf{i} + \frac{3}{8}\mathbf{k} + \lambda(-8\mathbf{i} + 7\mathbf{j} + 3\mathbf{k})\) | A1√ | [6] |
**(i)** State or imply a correct normal vector to either plane, e.g. $\mathbf{i} + 2\mathbf{j} - 2\mathbf{k}$ or $2\mathbf{i} + \mathbf{j} + 3\mathbf{k}$ | B1 |
Carry out correct process for evaluating the scalar product of the two normals | M1 |
Using the correct process for the moduli, divide the scalar product by the product of the moduli and evaluate the inverse cosine of the result | M1 |
Obtain the final answer $79.75°$ (or $1.39$ radians) | A1 | [4]
**(ii) EITHER:**
Carry out a method for finding a point on the line | M1 |
Obtain such a point, e.g. $(1, 3, 0)$ | A1 |
**EITHER:** State two correct equations for the direction vector $(a, b, c)$ of the line, e.g. $a + 2b - 2c = 0$ and $2a + b + 3c = 0$ | B1 |
Solve for one ratio, e.g. $a : b$ | M1 |
Obtain $a : b : c = 8 : -7 : -3$, or equivalent | A1 |
State a correct final answer, e.g. $\mathbf{r} = \mathbf{i} + 3\mathbf{j} + \lambda(8\mathbf{i} - 7\mathbf{j} - 3\mathbf{k})$ | A1√ |
**OR1:**
Obtain a second point on the line, e.g. $\left(0, \frac{31}{8}, \frac{3}{8}\right)$ | A1 |
Subtract position vectors to find a direction vector | M1 |
Obtain $\mathbf{i} - \frac{7}{8}\mathbf{j} - \frac{3}{8}\mathbf{k}$, or equivalent | A1 |
State a correct final answer, e.g. $\mathbf{r} = \mathbf{i} + 3\mathbf{j} + \lambda\left(-\frac{7}{8}\mathbf{j} - \frac{3}{8}\mathbf{k}\right)$ | A1√ |
**OR2:**
Attempt to calculate the vector product of two normals | M1 |
Obtain two correct components | A1 |
Obtain $8\mathbf{i} - 7\mathbf{j} - 3\mathbf{k}$, or equivalent | A1 |
State a correct final answer, e.g. $\mathbf{r} = \mathbf{i} + 3\mathbf{j} + \lambda(8\mathbf{i} - 7\mathbf{j} - 3\mathbf{k})$ | A1√ |
**OR3:**
Express one variable in terms of a second | M1 |
Obtain a correct simplified expression, e.g. $x = (31 - 8y) / 7$ | A1 |
Express the first variable in terms of a third | M1 |
Obtain a correct simplified expression, e.g. $x = (3 - 3z) / 3$ | A1 |
Form a vector equation of the line | M1 |
State a correct final answer, e.g. $\mathbf{r} = \frac{31}{8}\mathbf{i} + \frac{3}{8}\mathbf{k} + \lambda(8\mathbf{i} - 7\mathbf{j} - 3\mathbf{k})$ | A1√ |
**OR4:**
Express one variable in terms of a second | M1 |
Obtain a correct simplified expression, e.g. $y = (31 - 7x) / 7$ | A1 |
Express the third variable in terms of the second | M1 |
Obtain a correct simplified expression, e.g. $z = (3 - 3x) / 8$ | A1 |
Form a vector equation of the line | M1 |
State a correct final answer, e.g. $\mathbf{r} = \frac{31}{8}\mathbf{i} + \frac{3}{8}\mathbf{k} + \lambda(-8\mathbf{i} + 7\mathbf{j} + 3\mathbf{k})$ | A1√ | [6]
[The f.t. is dependent on all M marks having been earned.]
9 Two planes have equations $x + 2 y - 2 z = 7$ and $2 x + y + 3 z = 5$.\\
(i) Calculate the acute angle between the planes.\\
(ii) Find a vector equation for the line of intersection of the planes.
\hfill \mbox{\textit{CAIE P3 2011 Q9 [10]}}