Rod and particle collision

7. Particles \(P\) and \(Q\) have mass \(3 m\) and \(m\) respectively. Particle \(P\) is attached to one end of a light inextensible string and \(Q\) is attached to the other end. The string passes over a circular pulley which can freely rotate in a vertical plane about a fixed horizontal axis through its centre \(O\). The pulley is modelled as a uniform circular disc of mass \(2 m\) and radius \(a\). The pulley is sufficiently rough to prevent the string slipping. The system is at rest with the string taut. A third particle \(R\) of mass \(m\) falls freely under gravity from rest for a distance \(a\) before striking and adhering to \(Q\). Immediately before \(R\) strikes \(Q\), particles \(P\) and \(Q\) are at rest with the string taut.

1. Show that, immediately after \(R\) strikes \(Q\), the angular speed of the pulley is \(\frac { 1 } { 3 } \sqrt { \left( \frac { g } { 2 a } \right) }\). When \(R\) strikes \(Q\), there is an impulse in the string attached to \(Q\).
2. Find the magnitude of this impulse. Given that \(P\) does not hit the pulley,
3. find the distance that \(P\) moves upwards before first coming to instantaneous rest.

3. A uniform rod \(A B\), of mass \(m\) and length \(2 a\), is free to rotate about a fixed smooth axis which passes through \(A\) and is perpendicular to the rod. The rod has angular speed \(\omega\) when it strikes a particle \(P\) of mass \(m\) and adheres to it. Immediately before the rod strikes \(P , P\) is at rest and at a distance \(x\) from \(A\). Immediately after the rod strikes \(P\), the angular speed of the rod is \(\frac { 3 } { 4 } \omega\). Find \(x\) in terms of \(a\).
(5)

6. A uniform rod \(A B\) of mass \(4 m\) is free to rotate in a vertical plane about a fixed smooth horizontal axis, \(L\), through \(A\). The rod is hanging vertically at rest when it is struck at its end \(B\) by a particle of mass \(m\). The particle is moving with speed \(u\), in a direction which is horizontal and perpendicular to \(L\), and after striking the rod it rebounds in the opposite direction with speed \(v\). The coefficient of restitution between the particle and the rod is 1 . Show that \(u = 7 v\).

3. A uniform rectangular lamina \(A B C D\), where \(A B = a\) and \(B C = 2 a\), has mass \(2 m\). The lamina is free to rotate about its edge \(A B\), which is fixed and vertical. The lamina is at rest when it is struck at \(C\) by a particle \(P\) of mass \(m\). The particle \(P\) is moving horizontally with speed \(U\) in a direction which is perpendicular to the lamina. The coefficient of restitution between \(P\) and the lamina is 0.5 Find the angular speed of the lamina immediately after the impact.
(8)

2. A rod \(A B\) has mass \(m\) and length \(4 a\). It is free to rotate about a fixed smooth horizontal axis through the point \(O\) of the rod, where \(A O = a\). The rod is hanging in equilibrium with \(B\) below \(O\) when it is struck by a particle \(P\), of mass \(3 m\), moving horizontally with speed \(v\). When \(P\) strikes the rod, it adheres to it. Immediately after striking the rod, \(P\) has speed \(\frac { 2 } { 3 } v\). Find the distance from \(O\) of the point where \(P\) strikes the rod.
(7 marks)

4. A uniform circular disc, of mass \(2 m\) and radius \(a\), is free to rotate in a vertical plane about a fixed, smooth horizontal axis through a point of its circumference. The axis is perpendicular to the plane of the disc. The disc hangs in equilibrium. A particle \(P\) of mass \(m\) is moving horizontally in the same plane as the disc with speed \(\sqrt { } ( 20 \mathrm { ag } )\). The particle strikes, and adheres to, the disc at one end of its horizontal diameter.

1. Find the angular speed of the disc immediately after \(P\) strikes it.
2. Verify that the disc will turn through an angle of \(90 ^ { \circ }\) before first coming to instantaneous rest.