Edexcel C2 2014 January — Question 6 5 marks

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModuleC2 (Core Mathematics 2)
Year2014
SessionJanuary
Marks5
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicLaws of Logarithms
TypeExpress y in terms of x (ln/log equations)
DifficultyStandard +0.3 This is a straightforward application of logarithm laws (quotient rule) followed by converting to exponential form and solving a linear equation. While it requires multiple steps, each step is standard C2 technique with no conceptual difficulty or novel insight required, making it slightly easier than average.
Spec1.06f Laws of logarithms: addition, subtraction, power rules

6. Given that $$\log _ { x } ( 7 y + 1 ) - \log _ { x } ( 2 y ) = 1 , \quad x > 4 , \quad 0 < y < 1$$ express \(y\) in terms of \(x\).

Question 6:
Way 1:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMarks Guidance
\(\log_x(7y+1) - \log_x 2y = \log_x\!\left(\frac{7y+1}{2y}\right)\)B1 Combines logs correctly
\(1 = \log_x x\)B1 Correct statement (may be implied)
\(\frac{7y+1}{2y} = x\)M1 Remove logs to obtain this equation or equivalent
\(2yx = 7y + 1 \Rightarrow y(2x-7) = 1\)dM1 Isolate \(y\) correctly to give \(y\) as a function of \(x\). Allow sign errors only. Dependent on previous method mark
\(y = \frac{1}{2x-7}\) or \(\frac{-1}{7-2x}\)A1 Cao
Way 2:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMarks Guidance
\(\log_x(7y+1) = 1 + \log_x 2y\)
\(\log_x(7y+1) = \log_x x + \log_x 2y\)B1 \(1 = \log_x x\) (may be implied)
\(\log_x x + \log_x 2y = \log_x 2xy\)B1 Combines logs correctly
\(7y + 1 = 2xy\)M1 Remove logs to obtain this equation or equivalent
\(2yx = 7y+1 \Rightarrow y(2x-7) = 1\)dM1 Isolate \(y\) correctly. Allow sign errors only. Dependent on previous method mark
\(y = \frac{1}{2x-7}\) or \(\frac{-1}{7-2x}\)A1 Cao
Way 3:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMarks Guidance
\(\log_x\!\left(\frac{7y+1}{2y}\right) = \frac{\log_{10}\!\left(\frac{7y+1}{2y}\right)}{\log_{10} x}\)B1 Correct change of base
\(\log_{10}\!\left(\frac{7y+1}{2y}\right) = \log_{10} x\)
\(\frac{7y+1}{2y} = x\)M1 Remove logs to obtain this equation or equivalent
Then as above
## Question 6:

### Way 1:
| Answer/Working | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $\log_x(7y+1) - \log_x 2y = \log_x\!\left(\frac{7y+1}{2y}\right)$ | B1 | Combines logs correctly |
| $1 = \log_x x$ | B1 | Correct statement (may be implied) |
| $\frac{7y+1}{2y} = x$ | M1 | Remove logs to obtain this equation or equivalent |
| $2yx = 7y + 1 \Rightarrow y(2x-7) = 1$ | dM1 | Isolate $y$ correctly to give $y$ as a function of $x$. Allow sign errors only. Dependent on previous method mark |
| $y = \frac{1}{2x-7}$ or $\frac{-1}{7-2x}$ | A1 | Cao |

### Way 2:
| Answer/Working | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $\log_x(7y+1) = 1 + \log_x 2y$ | — | — |
| $\log_x(7y+1) = \log_x x + \log_x 2y$ | B1 | $1 = \log_x x$ (may be implied) |
| $\log_x x + \log_x 2y = \log_x 2xy$ | B1 | Combines logs correctly |
| $7y + 1 = 2xy$ | M1 | Remove logs to obtain this equation or equivalent |
| $2yx = 7y+1 \Rightarrow y(2x-7) = 1$ | dM1 | Isolate $y$ correctly. Allow sign errors only. Dependent on previous method mark |
| $y = \frac{1}{2x-7}$ or $\frac{-1}{7-2x}$ | A1 | Cao |

### Way 3:
| Answer/Working | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $\log_x\!\left(\frac{7y+1}{2y}\right) = \frac{\log_{10}\!\left(\frac{7y+1}{2y}\right)}{\log_{10} x}$ | B1 | Correct change of base |
| $\log_{10}\!\left(\frac{7y+1}{2y}\right) = \log_{10} x$ | — | — |
| $\frac{7y+1}{2y} = x$ | M1 | Remove logs to obtain this equation or equivalent |
| Then as above | — | — |
6. Given that

$$\log _ { x } ( 7 y + 1 ) - \log _ { x } ( 2 y ) = 1 , \quad x > 4 , \quad 0 < y < 1$$

express $y$ in terms of $x$.\\

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel C2 2014 Q6 [5]}}