Edexcel C1 2005 January — Question 3 4 marks

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModuleC1 (Core Mathematics 1)
Year2005
SessionJanuary
Marks4
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicDiscriminant and conditions for roots
TypeFind k for equal roots
DifficultyModerate -0.8 This is a straightforward application of the discriminant condition b²-4ac=0 for equal roots. Students need only recall the formula, substitute values (a=k, b=12, c=k), and solve the resulting simple equation 144-4k²=0 to get k=6. It's more routine than average, requiring minimal problem-solving beyond direct formula application.
Spec1.02d Quadratic functions: graphs and discriminant conditions

3. Given that the equation \(k x ^ { 2 } + 12 x + k = 0\), where \(k\) is a positive constant, has equal roots, find the value of \(k\).

Main scheme:
AnswerMarks Guidance
Attempt to use discriminant \(b^2 - 4ac\) (Need not be equated to zero)M1
\(144 - 4 \times k \times k = 0\)A1
Attempt to solve for \(k\)M1
\(k = 6\)A1 (4 marks)
Total: 4 marks
Alternative for first 2 marks:
AnswerMarks
Attempt to complete square \((x \pm p)^2 \pm q + c\), \(p \neq 0\), \(q \neq 0\)M1
\(1 - \frac{36}{k^2} = 0\) or equiv.A1
Other alternatives:
AnswerMarks
(i) \(x^2 + \frac{12}{k}x + 1\) must be equivalent to \((x+1)^2\)M1 A1
Compare coefficients and attempt to solve for \(k\): \(\frac{12}{k} = 2\) \(k = 6\)M1 A1
(ii) Finding the root first, e.g. \((\sqrt{kx} + \sqrt{k})^2 = 0\), so \(x = -1\)M1 A1
Substitute the root to find \(k\), \(k = 6\)M1 A1
Note: Answer only scores 2 marks: M0 A0 M1 A1. The first two marks would only be scored if solution then justifies that \(k = 6\) gives equal roots.
**Main scheme:**

Attempt to use discriminant $b^2 - 4ac$ (Need not be equated to zero) | M1 |

$144 - 4 \times k \times k = 0$ | A1 |

Attempt to solve for $k$ | M1 |

$k = 6$ | A1 | (4 marks)

**Total: 4 marks**

**Alternative for first 2 marks:**

Attempt to complete square $(x \pm p)^2 \pm q + c$, $p \neq 0$, $q \neq 0$ | M1 |

$1 - \frac{36}{k^2} = 0$ or equiv. | A1 |

**Other alternatives:**

(i) $x^2 + \frac{12}{k}x + 1$ must be equivalent to $(x+1)^2$ | M1 A1 |

Compare coefficients and attempt to solve for $k$: $\frac{12}{k} = 2$ $k = 6$ | M1 A1 |

(ii) Finding the root first, e.g. $(\sqrt{kx} + \sqrt{k})^2 = 0$, so $x = -1$ | M1 A1 |

Substitute the root to find $k$, $k = 6$ | M1 A1 |

**Note:** Answer only scores 2 marks: M0 A0 M1 A1. The first two marks would only be scored if solution then justifies that $k = 6$ gives equal roots.

---
3. Given that the equation $k x ^ { 2 } + 12 x + k = 0$, where $k$ is a positive constant, has equal roots, find the value of $k$.\\

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel C1 2005 Q3 [4]}}