Pre-U Pre-U 9795/1 2015 June — Question 13 10 marks

Exam BoardPre-U
ModulePre-U 9795/1 (Pre-U Further Mathematics Paper 1)
Year2015
SessionJune
Marks10
TopicSequences and series, recurrence and convergence
TypeTrigonometric method of differences
DifficultyChallenging +1.2 This is a structured multi-part question on inverse trigonometric functions and series. Part (i) is a standard geometric visualization (1 mark). Part (ii) requires applying the tangent addition formula to inverse tangents, which is a familiar technique (2 marks). Part (iii) is the most substantial, requiring students to recognize that tan^{-1}(2/n²) can be expressed as a difference of inverse tangents using the given substitution, then apply telescoping series—this requires insight but follows a guided path with 7 marks. While requiring multiple techniques and some problem-solving, the question provides significant scaffolding and uses well-known methods (method of differences, telescoping). It's moderately challenging for Further Maths but not exceptional.
Spec4.06b Method of differences: telescoping series4.08g Derivatives: inverse trig and hyperbolic functions

  1. By sketching a suitable triangle, show that \(\tan^{-1} a + \tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{a}\right) = \frac{1}{4}\pi\), for \(a > 0\). [1]
  2. Given that \(a\) and \(b\) are positive and less than 1, express \(\tan(\tan^{-1} a \pm \tan^{-1} b)\) in terms of \(a\) and \(b\). [2]
  3. By letting \(a = \frac{1}{n-1}\) and \(b = \frac{1}{n+1}\), use the method of differences to prove that $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \tan^{-1} \left(\frac{2}{n^2}\right) = \frac{3}{4}\pi.$$ [7]

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\item By sketching a suitable triangle, show that $\tan^{-1} a + \tan^{-1} \left(\frac{1}{a}\right) = \frac{1}{4}\pi$, for $a > 0$. [1]

\item Given that $a$ and $b$ are positive and less than 1, express $\tan(\tan^{-1} a \pm \tan^{-1} b)$ in terms of $a$ and $b$. [2]

\item By letting $a = \frac{1}{n-1}$ and $b = \frac{1}{n+1}$, use the method of differences to prove that
$$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \tan^{-1} \left(\frac{2}{n^2}\right) = \frac{3}{4}\pi.$$ [7]
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Pre-U Pre-U 9795/1 2015 Q13 [10]}}