SPS SPS FM Statistics 2025 April — Question 1 8 marks

Exam BoardSPS
ModuleSPS FM Statistics (SPS FM Statistics)
Year2025
SessionApril
Marks8
TopicHypothesis test of binomial distributions
TypeOne-tailed hypothesis test (lower tail, H₁: p < p₀)
DifficultyModerate -0.3 This is a standard hypothesis test for a binomial proportion with straightforward setup and calculation. Part (a) requires basic recall of binomial assumptions, while part (b) follows a routine procedure (state hypotheses, calculate test statistic, find critical region/p-value, conclude). The context is clear, the sample size is large enough for normal approximation, and no novel insight is required—slightly easier than average due to its textbook nature.
Spec2.05b Hypothesis test for binomial proportion2.05c Significance levels: one-tail and two-tail

It is known that, under standard conditions, 12% of light bulbs from a certain manufacturer have a defect. A quality improvement process has been implemented, and a random sample of 200 light bulbs produced after the improvements was selected. It was found that 15 of the 200 light bulbs were defective.
  1. State one assumption needed in order to use a binomial model for the number of defective light bulbs in the sample. [1]
  2. Test, at the 5% significance level, whether the proportion of defective light bulbs has decreased under the new process. [7]

It is known that, under standard conditions, 12% of light bulbs from a certain manufacturer have a defect. A quality improvement process has been implemented, and a random sample of 200 light bulbs produced after the improvements was selected. It was found that 15 of the 200 light bulbs were defective.

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item State one assumption needed in order to use a binomial model for the number of defective light bulbs in the sample. [1]

\item Test, at the 5% significance level, whether the proportion of defective light bulbs has decreased under the new process. [7]
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{SPS SPS FM Statistics 2025 Q1 [8]}}