OCR MEI Further Mechanics Major 2019 June — Question 13 17 marks

Exam BoardOCR MEI
ModuleFurther Mechanics Major (Further Mechanics Major)
Year2019
SessionJune
Marks17
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicMoments
TypeElastic string equilibrium
DifficultyChallenging +1.3 This is a multi-part statics problem requiring moment equations about a hinge, elastic rope tension using Hooke's law, and optimization via calculus. While it involves several steps and careful geometric reasoning, the techniques are standard for Further Maths mechanics: taking moments, resolving forces, applying elasticity formulas, and finding maxima by differentiation. The problem is structured with significant guidance (showing specific results), making it more accessible than an open-ended proof or problem requiring novel insight.
Spec3.04b Equilibrium: zero resultant moment and force6.02h Elastic PE: 1/2 k x^2

\includegraphics{figure_13} A step-ladder has two sides AB and AC, each of length \(4a\). Side AB has weight \(W\) and its centre of mass is at the half-way point; side AC is light. The step-ladder is smoothly hinged at A and the two parts of the step-ladder, AB and AC, are connected by a light taut rope DE, where D is on AB, E is on AC and AD = AE = \(a\). A man of weight \(4W\) stands at a point F on AB, where BF = \(x\). The system is in equilibrium with B and C on a smooth horizontal floor and the sides AB and AC are each at an angle \(\theta\) to the vertical, as shown in Fig. 13.
  1. By taking moments about A for side AB of the step-ladder and then for side AC of the step-ladder show that the tension in the rope is $$W\left(1 + \frac{2x}{a}\right)\tan\theta.$$ [7]
The rope is elastic with natural length \(\frac{1}{2}a\) and modulus of elasticity \(W\).
  1. Show that the condition for equilibrium is that $$x = \frac{1}{2}a(8\cos\theta - \cot\theta - 1).$$ [5]
In this question you must show detailed reasoning.
  1. Hence determine, in terms of \(a\), the maximum value of \(x\) for which equilibrium is possible. [5]
END OF QUESTION PAPER

Question 13:
AnswerMarks Guidance
13(a) 4aR sinaTcos
C
aTcos2aWsin 4ax 4Wsin
4aR sin
B
R R 4WW
B C
aTcos18aWsin4Wxsin Tcos
 5W
4asin 4sin
2aTcos2aWsin4Wxsin
 2x
T W1 tan
AnswerMarks
 a M1*
A1
M1*
A1
B1
M1dep*
A1
AnswerMarks
[7]3.3
1.1
3.3
1.1
3.3
2.1
AnswerMarks
2.2aMoments about A for AC – correct
number of terms – allow sin/cos
confusion and sign errors
Moments about A for AB – correct
number of terms – allow sin/cos
confusion and sign errors
Resolving vertically
Correct method to eliminate R and R
B C
to obtain a linear equation in T
AnswerMarks
AGR is the normal
C
contact force at C
R is the normal
B
contact force at B
Dependent on all
previous M marks and
B mark
Sufficient working must
be shown as AG
AnswerMarks Guidance
13(b) DE2 a2a22(a)(a)cos2
T  W  DE0.25a or
0.25a
T  W  0.5DE0.125a
0.125a
 2x 4W 1 
W1 tan  2a2 2a2cos2 a
 a  a  4 
 2x 4 1 
1 tan 2asin a
 a  a 4 
x1a 8coscot1 
AnswerMarks
2B1
M1
A1
M1
A1
AnswerMarks
[5]3.1a
3.3
1.1
3.1a
AnswerMarks
2.2aCorrect application of cosine rule for
triangle DAE
Correct application of Hooke’s law for
their extension
Or A2 (rather than the next M) for
 2x 4W 1 
W1 tan 2asin a
 a  a  4 
 2x 8W 1 
or W1 tan asin a
 a  a  8 
Correct use of double-angle formula to
give an equation in terms of x, a and
AnswerMarks
AGB1 for DE2asinor
1DE asin
2
Condone x or e for
extension
AG so sufficient
working must be shown
dx a 
 8sincosec2 0
d 2
1 
sin3 
8 6
1    
x a8cos cot 1
 
2  6 6 
3 31
x a
2
d2x a    
 8cos  2cosec2  cot 
d2 2 6  6 6

6
AnswerMarks
6a 3< 0 therefore maximumM1*
A1
M1dep*
A1
A1
AnswerMarks
[5]1.1
1.1
3.4
1.1
AnswerMarks
3.2aAttempt differentiation and set equal
to zero – must be of the form
8sincosec2with no extra terms
www
Substitute their value of  and obtain
a value for x
2.10a (allow 2.1a)
Correctly showing that value of x is a
maximum (condone in terms of
degrees)
AnswerMarks
10.39...aAllow in degrees
throughout (30)
For reference:
2.098076…a
Or equivalent
justification that this
value is a maximum
PPMMTT
OCR (Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations)
The Triangle Building
Shaftesbury Road
Cambridge
CB2 8EA
OCR Customer Contact Centre
Education and Learning
Telephone: 01223 553998
Facsimile: 01223 552627
Email: general.qualifications@ocr.org.uk
www.ocr.org.uk
For staff training purposes and as part of our quality assurance
programme your call may be recorded or monitored
Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations
is a Company Limited by Guarantee
Registered in England
Registered Office; The Triangle Building, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge, CB2 8EA
Registered Company Number: 3484466
OCR is an exempt Charity
OCR (Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations)
Head office
Telephone: 01223 552552
Facsimile: 01223 552553
© OCR 2019
Question 13:
13 | (a) | 4aR sinaTcos
C
aTcos2aWsin 4ax 4Wsin
4aR sin
B
R R 4WW
B C
aTcos18aWsin4Wxsin Tcos
 5W
4asin 4sin
2aTcos2aWsin4Wxsin
 2x
T W1 tan
 a  | M1*
A1
M1*
A1
B1
M1dep*
A1
[7] | 3.3
1.1
3.3
1.1
3.3
2.1
2.2a | Moments about A for AC – correct
number of terms – allow sin/cos
confusion and sign errors
Moments about A for AB – correct
number of terms – allow sin/cos
confusion and sign errors
Resolving vertically
Correct method to eliminate R and R
B C
to obtain a linear equation in T
AG | R is the normal
C
contact force at C
R is the normal
B
contact force at B
Dependent on all
previous M marks and
B mark
Sufficient working must
be shown as AG
13 | (b) | DE2 a2a22(a)(a)cos2
T  W  DE0.25a or
0.25a
T  W  0.5DE0.125a
0.125a
 2x 4W 1 
W1 tan  2a2 2a2cos2 a
 a  a  4 
 2x 4 1 
1 tan 2asin a
 a  a 4 
x1a 8coscot1 
2 | B1
M1
A1
M1
A1
[5] | 3.1a
3.3
1.1
3.1a
2.2a | Correct application of cosine rule for
triangle DAE
Correct application of Hooke’s law for
their extension
Or A2 (rather than the next M) for
 2x 4W 1 
W1 tan 2asin a
 a  a  4 
 2x 8W 1 
or W1 tan asin a
 a  a  8 
Correct use of double-angle formula to
give an equation in terms of x, a and

AG | B1 for DE2asinor
1DE asin
2
Condone x or e for
extension
AG so sufficient
working must be shown
dx a 
 8sincosec2 0
d 2
1 
sin3 
8 6
1    
x a8cos cot 1
 
2  6 6 
3 31
x a
2
d2x a    
 8cos  2cosec2  cot 
d2 2 6  6 6

6
6a 3< 0 therefore maximum | M1*
A1
M1dep*
A1
A1
[5] | 1.1
1.1
3.4
1.1
3.2a | Attempt differentiation and set equal
to zero – must be of the form
8sincosec2with no extra terms
www
Substitute their value of  and obtain
a value for x
2.10a (allow 2.1a)
Correctly showing that value of x is a
maximum (condone in terms of
degrees)
10.39...a | Allow in degrees
throughout (30)
For reference:
2.098076…a
Or equivalent
justification that this
value is a maximum
PPMMTT
OCR (Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations)
The Triangle Building
Shaftesbury Road
Cambridge
CB2 8EA
OCR Customer Contact Centre
Education and Learning
Telephone: 01223 553998
Facsimile: 01223 552627
Email: general.qualifications@ocr.org.uk
www.ocr.org.uk
For staff training purposes and as part of our quality assurance
programme your call may be recorded or monitored
Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations
is a Company Limited by Guarantee
Registered in England
Registered Office; The Triangle Building, Shaftesbury Road, Cambridge, CB2 8EA
Registered Company Number: 3484466
OCR is an exempt Charity
OCR (Oxford Cambridge and RSA Examinations)
Head office
Telephone: 01223 552552
Facsimile: 01223 552553
© OCR 2019
\includegraphics{figure_13}

A step-ladder has two sides AB and AC, each of length $4a$. Side AB has weight $W$ and its centre of mass is at the half-way point; side AC is light.

The step-ladder is smoothly hinged at A and the two parts of the step-ladder, AB and AC, are connected by a light taut rope DE, where D is on AB, E is on AC and AD = AE = $a$.

A man of weight $4W$ stands at a point F on AB, where BF = $x$.

The system is in equilibrium with B and C on a smooth horizontal floor and the sides AB and AC are each at an angle $\theta$ to the vertical, as shown in Fig. 13.

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item By taking moments about A for side AB of the step-ladder and then for side AC of the step-ladder show that the tension in the rope is
$$W\left(1 + \frac{2x}{a}\right)\tan\theta.$$ [7]
\end{enumerate}

The rope is elastic with natural length $\frac{1}{2}a$ and modulus of elasticity $W$.

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\setcounter{enumi}{1}
\item Show that the condition for equilibrium is that
$$x = \frac{1}{2}a(8\cos\theta - \cot\theta - 1).$$ [5]
\end{enumerate}

\textbf{In this question you must show detailed reasoning.}

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\setcounter{enumi}{2}
\item Hence determine, in terms of $a$, the maximum value of $x$ for which equilibrium is possible. [5]
\end{enumerate}

\textbf{END OF QUESTION PAPER}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{OCR MEI Further Mechanics Major 2019 Q13 [17]}}