OCR MEI C4 — Question 4 18 marks

Exam BoardOCR MEI
ModuleC4 (Core Mathematics 4)
Marks18
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicImplicit equations and differentiation
TypeShow dy/dx equals given expression
DifficultyStandard +0.3 This is a straightforward multi-part question testing standard C4 techniques: verifying parametric equations (substitution), parametric differentiation (chain rule), sketching scaled curves, perpendicular gradients, and solving a separable differential equation. All parts follow routine procedures with no novel insight required, making it slightly easier than average.
Spec1.03g Parametric equations: of curves and conversion to cartesian1.07s Parametric and implicit differentiation1.08k Separable differential equations: dy/dx = f(x)g(y)

A curve has equation $$x^2 + 4y^2 = k^2,$$ where \(k\) is a positive constant.
  1. Verify that $$x = k\cos\theta, \quad y = \frac{k}{2}\sin\theta,$$ are parametric equations for the curve. [3]
  2. Hence or otherwise show that \(\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{x}{4y}\). [3]
  3. Fig. 8 illustrates the curve for a particular value of \(k\). Write down this value of \(k\). [1]
\includegraphics{figure_8}
  1. Copy Fig. 8 and on the same axes sketch the curves for \(k = 1\), \(k = 3\) and \(k = 4\). [3]
On a map, the curves represent the contours of a mountain. A stream flows down the mountain. Its path on the map is always at right angles to the contour it is crossing.
  1. Explain why the path of the stream is modelled by the differential equation $$\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{4y}{x}.$$ [2]
  2. Solve this differential equation. Given that the path of the stream passes through the point (2, 1), show that its equation is \(y = \frac{x^4}{16}\). [6]

A curve has equation
$$x^2 + 4y^2 = k^2,$$
where $k$ is a positive constant.

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\item Verify that
$$x = k\cos\theta, \quad y = \frac{k}{2}\sin\theta,$$
are parametric equations for the curve. [3]

\item Hence or otherwise show that $\frac{dy}{dx} = -\frac{x}{4y}$. [3]

\item Fig. 8 illustrates the curve for a particular value of $k$. Write down this value of $k$. [1]
\end{enumerate}

\includegraphics{figure_8}

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\setcounter{enumi}{3}
\item Copy Fig. 8 and on the same axes sketch the curves for $k = 1$, $k = 3$ and $k = 4$. [3]
\end{enumerate}

On a map, the curves represent the contours of a mountain. A stream flows down the mountain. Its path on the map is always at right angles to the contour it is crossing.

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\setcounter{enumi}{4}
\item Explain why the path of the stream is modelled by the differential equation
$$\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{4y}{x}.$$ [2]

\item Solve this differential equation.

Given that the path of the stream passes through the point (2, 1), show that its equation is $y = \frac{x^4}{16}$. [6]
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{OCR MEI C4  Q4 [18]}}