Edexcel C3 — Question 28 23 marks

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModuleC3 (Core Mathematics 3)
Marks23
PaperDownload PDF ↗
TopicFixed Point Iteration
TypeShow root in interval
DifficultyModerate -0.3 This is a standard C3 fixed point iteration question with routine sketching, sign change verification, and iterative calculations. Parts (a)-(d) require only straightforward application of taught techniques with no novel insight. The total of 10 marks reflects typical multi-part structure, but each component is below average difficulty for A-level.
Spec1.02m Graphs of functions: difference between plotting and sketching1.06a Exponential function: a^x and e^x graphs and properties1.09c Simple iterative methods: x_{n+1} = g(x_n), cobweb and staircase diagrams

  1. Sketch, on the same set of axes, the graphs of $$y = 2 - e^{-x} \text{ and } y = \sqrt{x}.$$ [3]
[It is not necessary to find the coordinates of any points of intersection with the axes.] Given that \(f(x) = e^{-x} + \sqrt{x} - 2, x \geq 0\),
  1. explain how your graphs show that the equation \(f(x) = 0\) has only one solution, [1]
  2. show that the solution of \(f(x) = 0\) lies between \(x = 3\) and \(x = 4\). [2]
The iterative formula \(x_{n+1} = (2 - e^{-x_n})^2\) is used to solve the equation \(f(x) = 0\).
  1. Taking \(x_0 = 4\), write down the values of \(x_1, x_2, x_3\) and \(x_4\), and hence find an approximation to the solution of \(f(x) = 0\), giving your answer to 3 decimal places. [4]
28a.
  1. Given that \(\cos(x + 30)° = 3 \cos(x - 30)°\), prove that \(\tan x° = -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\). [5]
    1. Prove that \(\frac{1 - \cos 2\theta}{\sin 2\theta} = \tan \theta\). [3]
    2. Verify that \(\theta = 180°\) is a solution of the equation \(\sin 2\theta = 2 - 2 \cos 2\theta\). [1]
    3. Using the result in part (a), or otherwise, find the other two solutions, \(0 < \theta < 360°\), of the equation using \(\sin 2\theta = 2 - 2 \cos 2\theta\). [4]

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Sketch, on the same set of axes, the graphs of
$$y = 2 - e^{-x} \text{ and } y = \sqrt{x}.$$ [3]
\end{enumerate}

[It is not necessary to find the coordinates of any points of intersection with the axes.]

Given that $f(x) = e^{-x} + \sqrt{x} - 2, x \geq 0$,

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\setcounter{enumi}{1}
\item explain how your graphs show that the equation $f(x) = 0$ has only one solution, [1]
\item show that the solution of $f(x) = 0$ lies between $x = 3$ and $x = 4$. [2]
\end{enumerate}

The iterative formula $x_{n+1} = (2 - e^{-x_n})^2$ is used to solve the equation $f(x) = 0$.

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\setcounter{enumi}{3}
\item Taking $x_0 = 4$, write down the values of $x_1, x_2, x_3$ and $x_4$, and hence find an approximation to the solution of $f(x) = 0$, giving your answer to 3 decimal places. [4]
\end{enumerate}

\textbf{28a.} \begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\item Given that $\cos(x + 30)° = 3 \cos(x - 30)°$, prove that $\tan x° = -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$. [5]

\item \begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Prove that $\frac{1 - \cos 2\theta}{\sin 2\theta} = \tan \theta$. [3]
\item Verify that $\theta = 180°$ is a solution of the equation $\sin 2\theta = 2 - 2 \cos 2\theta$. [1]
\item Using the result in part (a), or otherwise, find the other two solutions, $0 < \theta < 360°$, of the equation using $\sin 2\theta = 2 - 2 \cos 2\theta$. [4]
\end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel C3  Q28 [23]}}