Edexcel PURE 2024 October — Question 4

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModulePURE
Year2024
SessionOctober
PaperDownload PDF ↗
TopicCurve Sketching
TypePolynomial intersection with algebra
DifficultyModerate -0.3 This is a straightforward multi-part question requiring standard techniques: finding a quadratic from roots and vertex (part a), finding a cubic from roots and a point with the constraint of tangency at x=4 (part b), and solving simultaneous equations (part c). While it requires careful algebraic manipulation across multiple steps, all techniques are routine A-level methods with no novel problem-solving insight required, making it slightly easier than average.
Spec1.02c Simultaneous equations: two variables by elimination and substitution1.02d Quadratic functions: graphs and discriminant conditions1.02e Complete the square: quadratic polynomials and turning points1.02f Solve quadratic equations: including in a function of unknown1.02j Manipulate polynomials: expanding, factorising, division, factor theorem

4. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{c48e6503-9d26-4f55-bdca-feadfb1afb7c-10_812_853_255_607} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 1}
\end{figure} Figure 1 shows a sketch of part of the curves \(C _ { 1 }\) and \(C _ { 2 }\) Given that \(C _ { 1 }\)
  • has equation \(y = \mathrm { f } ( x )\) where \(\mathrm { f } ( x )\) is a quadratic function
  • cuts the \(x\)-axis at the origin and at \(x = 4\)
  • has a minimum turning point at ( \(2 , - 4.8\) )
    1. find \(\mathrm { f } ( x )\)
Given that \(C _ { 2 }\)
The curves \(C _ { 1 }\) and \(C _ { 2 }\) meet in the first quadrant at the point \(P\), shown in Figure 1.
  • Use algebra to find the coordinates of \(P\).

  • (a)
    AnswerMarks Guidance
    States or implies that \(f(x) = kx(x-4)\)M1 States or implies that \(f(x) = kx(x-4)\) . Allow with \(k = 1\). The f(x) need not be seen – assume they are working with f(x) in part (a)
    Attempts to find k. E.g. \(-4.8 = k \times 2 \times (2-4) \Rightarrow k = ...\)dM1 Attempts to find all the constants in their equation for f(x) using \((2, -4.8)\) . E.g. \(-4.8 = k \times 2 \times (2-4) \Rightarrow k = ...\)
    \(f(x) = 1.2x(x-4)\)A1 (3) \(\left[f(x)\right] = 1.2x(x-4)\) o.e. such as \(\left[f(x)\right] = 1.2x^2 - 4.8x\) or \(f(x) = 1.2(x-2)^2 - 4.8\) and isw. Accept with \((x-0)\). The f(x) may be missing, it can be assumed (but use of g(x) is A0). Allow if the full expression is given in latter parts if all the work was correct in (a) to find the constants.
    (b)
    AnswerMarks Guidance
    States or implies that \(g(x) = \lambda x(x-4)^2\)M1 States or implies that \(g(x) = \lambda x(x-4)^2\) . Allow with \(\lambda = 1\). The g(x) need not be seen – assume they are working with g(x) in part (b).
    Attempts to find \(\lambda\) . E.g. \(7.2 = \lambda \times 6 \times (6-4)^2 \Rightarrow \lambda = ...\)dM1 Attempts a full equation for g(x) using \((6, 7.2)\)
    \(g(x) = 0.3x(x-4)^2\)A1 (3) \(\left[g(x)\right] = 0.3x(x-4)^2\) o.e. such as \(\left[g(x)\right] = 0.3x^3 - 2.4x^2 + 4.8x\) and isw. Accept with \((x-0)\). The g(x) may be missing, it can be assumed (but use of f(x) is A0). Allow if the full expression in used in (c) if all the work was correct in (b) to find the constants.
    (c)
    AnswerMarks Guidance
    Sets their \(1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2\)B1ft Sets their \(1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2\) . It is for a "correct" ft equation on their constants, but the form (quadratic = cubic) must be correct.
    Valid attempt to solve \(1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2 \Rightarrow x = 4 + \frac{1.2}{0.3}\)M1 Valid attempt to solve their equations to find at least one non-zero solution as long as they have a cubic and quadratic equated. E.g. \(1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2 \Rightarrow x = 4 + \frac{1.2}{0.3}\) . Alternatively, they may expand, factor out the x and solve the quadratic (allowing for slips), or even expand to a cubic (allowing slips) and solve via calculator (may need to check, and you may ignore "incorrect factorisation" if the answers are correct for their equation).
    \(x = 8\)A1 \(x = 8\) identified as the x coordinate of \(P\). A0 if they give 0.4 and 8 and do not select the correct answer.
    \(\left(8, 38.4\right)\)A1 A1 (4) \(\left(8, 38.4\right)\) or exact equivalent for 38.4
    Total: 10 marks
    Guidance for (a):
    - M1: States or implies that \(f(x) = kx(x-4)\) . Allow with \(k = 1\). The f(x) need not be seen – assume they are working with f(x) in part (a)
    Alternatives include \(f(x) = k(x-2)^2 - 4.8\) . Allow with \(k = 1\) and \(f(x) = ax^2 + bx\) with at least one of \(4a + b = 0\) and/or \(4a + 2b = -4.8\).
    - dM1: Attempts to find all the constants in their equation for f(x) using \((2, -4.8)\) . E.g. \(-4.8 = k \times 2 \times (2-4) \Rightarrow k = ...\)
    - A1: \(\left[f(x)\right] = 1.2x(x-4)\) o.e. such as \(\left[f(x)\right] = 1.2x^2 - 4.8x\) or \(f(x) = 1.2(x-2)^2 - 4.8\) and isw. Accept with \((x-0)\). The f(x) may be missing, it can be assumed (but use of g(x) is A0). Allow if the full expression is given in latter parts if all the work was correct in (a) to find the constants.
    Guidance for (b):
    - M1: States or implies that \(g(x) = \lambda x(x-4)^2\) . Allow with \(\lambda = 1\). The g(x) need not be seen – assume they are working with g(x) in part (b).
    Alternatives include \(g(x) = ax^3 + bx^2 + cx\) with at least two of \(64a + 16b + 4c = 0\), \(48a + 8b + c = 0\), and/or \(216a + 36b + 6c = 7.2\) (allow minor slips).
    - dM1: Attempts a full equation for g(x) using \((6, 7.2)\)
    E.g. \(7.2 = \lambda \times 6 \times (6-4)^2 \Rightarrow \lambda = ...\)
    - A1: \(\left[g(x)\right] = 0.3x(x-4)^2\) o.e. such as \(\left[g(x)\right] = 0.3x^3 - 2.4x^2 + 4.8x\) and isw. Accept with \((x-0)\). The g(x) may be missing, it can be assumed (but use of f(x) is A0). Allow if the full expression in used in (c) if all the work was correct in (b) to find the constants.
    Guidance for (c):
    - B1ft: Sets their \(1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2\) . It is for a "correct" ft equation on their constants, but the form (quadratic = cubic) must be correct.
    - M1: Valid attempt to solve their equations to find at least one non-zero solution as long as they have a cubic and quadratic equated. E.g. \(1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2 \Rightarrow x = 4 + \frac{1.2}{0.3}\) . Alternatively, they may expand, factor out the x and solve the quadratic (allowing for slips), or even expand to a cubic (allowing slips) and solve via calculator (may need to check, and you may ignore "incorrect factorisation" if the answers are correct for their equation).
    - A1: \(x = 8\) identified as the x coordinate of \(P\). A0 if they give 0.4 and 8 and do not select the correct answer.
    - A1: \(\left(8, 38.4\right)\) or exact equivalent for 38.4
    **(a)**
    
    | States or implies that $f(x) = kx(x-4)$ | M1 | States or implies that $f(x) = kx(x-4)$ . Allow with $k = 1$. The f(x) need not be seen – assume they are working with f(x) in part (a) |
    | Attempts to find k. E.g. $-4.8 = k \times 2 \times (2-4) \Rightarrow k = ...$ | dM1 | Attempts to find all the constants in their equation for f(x) using $(2, -4.8)$ . E.g. $-4.8 = k \times 2 \times (2-4) \Rightarrow k = ...$ |
    | $f(x) = 1.2x(x-4)$ | A1 (3) | $\left[f(x)\right] = 1.2x(x-4)$ o.e. such as $\left[f(x)\right] = 1.2x^2 - 4.8x$ or $f(x) = 1.2(x-2)^2 - 4.8$ and isw. Accept with $(x-0)$. The f(x) may be missing, it can be assumed (but use of g(x) is A0). Allow if the full expression is given in latter parts if all the work was correct in (a) to find the constants. |
    
    **(b)**
    
    | States or implies that $g(x) = \lambda x(x-4)^2$ | M1 | States or implies that $g(x) = \lambda x(x-4)^2$ . Allow with $\lambda = 1$. The g(x) need not be seen – assume they are working with g(x) in part (b). |
    | Attempts to find $\lambda$ . E.g. $7.2 = \lambda \times 6 \times (6-4)^2 \Rightarrow \lambda = ...$ | dM1 | Attempts a full equation for g(x) using $(6, 7.2)$ |
    | $g(x) = 0.3x(x-4)^2$ | A1 (3) | $\left[g(x)\right] = 0.3x(x-4)^2$ o.e. such as $\left[g(x)\right] = 0.3x^3 - 2.4x^2 + 4.8x$ and isw. Accept with $(x-0)$. The g(x) may be missing, it can be assumed (but use of f(x) is A0). Allow if the full expression in used in (c) if all the work was correct in (b) to find the constants. |
    
    **(c)**
    
    | Sets their $1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2$ | B1ft | Sets their $1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2$ . It is for a "correct" ft equation on their constants, but the form (quadratic = cubic) must be correct. |
    | Valid attempt to solve $1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2 \Rightarrow x = 4 + \frac{1.2}{0.3}$ | M1 | Valid attempt to solve their equations to find at least one non-zero solution as long as they have a cubic and quadratic equated. E.g. $1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2 \Rightarrow x = 4 + \frac{1.2}{0.3}$ . Alternatively, they may expand, factor out the x and solve the quadratic (allowing for slips), or even expand to a cubic (allowing slips) and solve via calculator (may need to check, and you may ignore "incorrect factorisation" if the answers are correct for their equation). |
    | $x = 8$ | A1 | $x = 8$ identified as the x coordinate of $P$. A0 if they give 0.4 and 8 and do not select the correct answer. |
    | $\left(8, 38.4\right)$ | A1 A1 (4) | $\left(8, 38.4\right)$ or exact equivalent for 38.4 |
    
    **Total: 10 marks**
    
    **Guidance for (a):**
    - M1: States or implies that $f(x) = kx(x-4)$ . Allow with $k = 1$. The f(x) need not be seen – assume they are working with f(x) in part (a)
    
    Alternatives include $f(x) = k(x-2)^2 - 4.8$ . Allow with $k = 1$ and $f(x) = ax^2 + bx$ with at least one of $4a + b = 0$ and/or $4a + 2b = -4.8$.
    
    - dM1: Attempts to find all the constants in their equation for f(x) using $(2, -4.8)$ . E.g. $-4.8 = k \times 2 \times (2-4) \Rightarrow k = ...$
    
    - A1: $\left[f(x)\right] = 1.2x(x-4)$ o.e. such as $\left[f(x)\right] = 1.2x^2 - 4.8x$ or $f(x) = 1.2(x-2)^2 - 4.8$ and isw. Accept with $(x-0)$. The f(x) may be missing, it can be assumed (but use of g(x) is A0). Allow if the full expression is given in latter parts if all the work was correct in (a) to find the constants.
    
    **Guidance for (b):**
    - M1: States or implies that $g(x) = \lambda x(x-4)^2$ . Allow with $\lambda = 1$. The g(x) need not be seen – assume they are working with g(x) in part (b).
    
    Alternatives include $g(x) = ax^3 + bx^2 + cx$ with at least two of $64a + 16b + 4c = 0$, $48a + 8b + c = 0$, and/or $216a + 36b + 6c = 7.2$ (allow minor slips).
    
    - dM1: Attempts a full equation for g(x) using $(6, 7.2)$
    
    E.g. $7.2 = \lambda \times 6 \times (6-4)^2 \Rightarrow \lambda = ...$
    
    - A1: $\left[g(x)\right] = 0.3x(x-4)^2$ o.e. such as $\left[g(x)\right] = 0.3x^3 - 2.4x^2 + 4.8x$ and isw. Accept with $(x-0)$. The g(x) may be missing, it can be assumed (but use of f(x) is A0). Allow if the full expression in used in (c) if all the work was correct in (b) to find the constants.
    
    **Guidance for (c):**
    - B1ft: Sets their $1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2$ . It is for a "correct" ft equation on their constants, but the form (quadratic = cubic) must be correct.
    
    - M1: Valid attempt to solve their equations to find at least one non-zero solution as long as they have a cubic and quadratic equated. E.g. $1.2x(x-4) = 0.3x(x-4)^2 \Rightarrow x = 4 + \frac{1.2}{0.3}$ . Alternatively, they may expand, factor out the x and solve the quadratic (allowing for slips), or even expand to a cubic (allowing slips) and solve via calculator (may need to check, and you may ignore "incorrect factorisation" if the answers are correct for their equation).
    
    - A1: $x = 8$ identified as the x coordinate of $P$. A0 if they give 0.4 and 8 and do not select the correct answer.
    
    - A1: $\left(8, 38.4\right)$ or exact equivalent for 38.4
    
    ---
    4.
    
    \begin{figure}[h]
    \begin{center}
      \includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{c48e6503-9d26-4f55-bdca-feadfb1afb7c-10_812_853_255_607}
    \captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
    \caption{Figure 1}
    \end{center}
    \end{figure}
    
    Figure 1 shows a sketch of part of the curves $C _ { 1 }$ and $C _ { 2 }$\\
    Given that $C _ { 1 }$
    
    \begin{itemize}
      \item has equation $y = \mathrm { f } ( x )$ where $\mathrm { f } ( x )$ is a quadratic function
      \item cuts the $x$-axis at the origin and at $x = 4$
      \item has a minimum turning point at ( $2 , - 4.8$ )
    \begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
    \item find $\mathrm { f } ( x )$
    \end{itemize}
    
    Given that $C _ { 2 }$
    
    \begin{itemize}
      \item has equation $y = \mathrm { g } ( x )$ where $\mathrm { g } ( x )$ is a cubic function
      \item cuts the $x$-axis at the origin and meets the $x$-axis at $x = 4$
      \item passes through the point (6, 7.2)
    \item find $\mathrm { g } ( x )$
    \end{itemize}
    
    The curves $C _ { 1 }$ and $C _ { 2 }$ meet in the first quadrant at the point $P$, shown in Figure 1.
    \item Use algebra to find the coordinates of $P$.
    \end{enumerate}
    
    \hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel PURE 2024 Q4}}