Edexcel M5 2008 June — Question 2 7 marks

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModuleM5 (Mechanics 5)
Year2008
SessionJune
Marks7
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicFirst order differential equations (integrating factor)
TypeStandard linear first order - vector form
DifficultyStandard +0.3 This is a straightforward application of integrating factor method to a vector differential equation with standard exponential form, followed by one integration to find position. The vector notation adds minimal complexity since each component is solved independently using the same routine technique. Slightly above average difficulty due to the vector context and two-stage process, but remains a standard textbook exercise requiring no novel insight.
Spec1.10a Vectors in 2D: i,j notation and column vectors1.10b Vectors in 3D: i,j,k notation4.10d Second order homogeneous: auxiliary equation method4.10e Second order non-homogeneous: complementary + particular integral

2. The velocity \(\mathbf { v } \mathrm { m } \mathrm { s } ^ { - 1 }\) of a particle \(P\) at time \(t\) seconds satisfies the vector differential equation $$\frac { \mathrm { d } \mathbf { v } } { \mathrm {~d} t } + 4 \mathbf { v } = \mathbf { 0 }$$ The position vector of \(P\) at time \(t\) seconds is \(\mathbf { r }\) metres.
Given that at \(t = 0 , \mathbf { r } = ( \mathbf { i } - \mathbf { j } )\) and \(\mathbf { v } = ( - 8 \mathbf { i } + 4 \mathbf { j } )\), find \(\mathbf { r }\) at time \(t\) seconds.

Question 2:
AnswerMarks Guidance
WorkingMarks Notes
Aux. Eqn: \(m^2 + 4m = 0 \Rightarrow m = 0\) or \(-4\)M1
\(\mathbf{r} = \mathbf{A} + \mathbf{B}e^{-4t}\)A1
\(t=0, \mathbf{r} = \mathbf{i} - \mathbf{j}\): \(\mathbf{A} + \mathbf{B} = \mathbf{i} - \mathbf{j}\)M1
\(\mathbf{v} = -4\mathbf{B}e^{-4t}\)M1
\(t=0, \mathbf{v} = -8\mathbf{i} + 4\mathbf{j}\): \(-4\mathbf{B} = -8\mathbf{i} + 4\mathbf{j}\)
\(\mathbf{B} = 2\mathbf{i} - \mathbf{j} \Rightarrow \mathbf{A} = -\mathbf{i}\)A1 A1
\(\mathbf{r} = -\mathbf{i} + (2\mathbf{i} - \mathbf{j})e^{-4t} = (2e^{-4t}-1)\mathbf{i} - e^{-4t}\mathbf{j}\)A1 Total: 7
## Question 2:

| Working | Marks | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Aux. Eqn: $m^2 + 4m = 0 \Rightarrow m = 0$ or $-4$ | M1 | |
| $\mathbf{r} = \mathbf{A} + \mathbf{B}e^{-4t}$ | A1 | |
| $t=0, \mathbf{r} = \mathbf{i} - \mathbf{j}$: $\mathbf{A} + \mathbf{B} = \mathbf{i} - \mathbf{j}$ | M1 | |
| $\mathbf{v} = -4\mathbf{B}e^{-4t}$ | M1 | |
| $t=0, \mathbf{v} = -8\mathbf{i} + 4\mathbf{j}$: $-4\mathbf{B} = -8\mathbf{i} + 4\mathbf{j}$ | | |
| $\mathbf{B} = 2\mathbf{i} - \mathbf{j} \Rightarrow \mathbf{A} = -\mathbf{i}$ | A1 A1 | |
| $\mathbf{r} = -\mathbf{i} + (2\mathbf{i} - \mathbf{j})e^{-4t} = (2e^{-4t}-1)\mathbf{i} - e^{-4t}\mathbf{j}$ | A1 | **Total: 7** |

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2. The velocity $\mathbf { v } \mathrm { m } \mathrm { s } ^ { - 1 }$ of a particle $P$ at time $t$ seconds satisfies the vector differential equation

$$\frac { \mathrm { d } \mathbf { v } } { \mathrm {~d} t } + 4 \mathbf { v } = \mathbf { 0 }$$

The position vector of $P$ at time $t$ seconds is $\mathbf { r }$ metres.\\
Given that at $t = 0 , \mathbf { r } = ( \mathbf { i } - \mathbf { j } )$ and $\mathbf { v } = ( - 8 \mathbf { i } + 4 \mathbf { j } )$, find $\mathbf { r }$ at time $t$ seconds.\\

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel M5 2008 Q2 [7]}}