Edexcel S4 2018 June — Question 6

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModuleS4 (Statistics 4)
Year2018
SessionJune
TopicDiscrete Random Variables
TypeShowing estimator is unbiased

  1. The continuous random variable \(X\) has probability density function \(\mathrm { f } ( x )\)
$$f ( x ) = \left\{ \begin{array} { c c } \frac { x } { 2 \theta ^ { 2 } } & 0 \leqslant x \leqslant 2 \theta
0 & \text { otherwise } \end{array} \right.$$ where \(\theta\) is a constant.
  1. Use integration to show that \(\mathrm { E } \left( X ^ { N } \right) = \frac { 2 ^ { N + 1 } } { N + 2 } \theta ^ { N }\)
  2. Hence
    1. write down an expression for \(\mathrm { E } ( X )\) in terms of \(\theta\)
    2. find \(\operatorname { Var } ( X )\) in terms of \(\theta\) A random sample \(X _ { 1 } , X _ { 2 } , \ldots , X _ { n }\) where \(n \geqslant 2\) is taken to estimate the value of \(\theta\) The random variable \(S _ { 1 } = q \bar { X }\) is an unbiased estimator of \(\theta\)
  3. Write down the value of \(q\) and show that \(S _ { 1 }\) is a consistent estimator of \(\theta\) The continuous random variable \(Y\) is independent of \(X\) and is uniformly distributed over the interval \(\left[ 0 , \frac { 2 \theta } { 3 } \right]\), where \(\theta\) is the same unknown constant as in \(\mathrm { f } ( x )\). The random variable \(S _ { 2 } = a X + b Y\) is an unbiased estimator of \(\theta\) and is based on one observation of \(X\) and one observation of \(Y\).
  4. Find the value of \(a\) and the value of \(b\) for which \(S _ { 2 }\) has minimum variance.
  5. Show that the minimum variance of \(S _ { 2 }\) is \(\frac { \theta ^ { 2 } } { 11 }\)
  6. Explain which of \(S _ { 1 }\) or \(S _ { 2 }\) is the better estimator for \(\theta\)