| Exam Board | Edexcel |
|---|---|
| Module | S1 (Statistics 1) |
| Year | 2018 |
| Session | June |
| Marks | 11 |
| Paper | Download PDF ↗ |
| Mark scheme | Download PDF ↗ |
| Topic | Data representation |
| Type | Compare distributions using stem-and-leaf |
| Difficulty | Easy -1.3 This is a routine S1 statistics question requiring basic skills: reading a quartile from a box plot, finding median/IQR from a stem-and-leaf diagram, checking for outliers using a given formula, drawing a box plot, and commenting on skewness. All techniques are standard textbook exercises with no problem-solving or novel insight required, making it easier than average A-level maths questions. |
| Spec | 2.02a Interpret single variable data: tables and diagrams2.02f Measures of average and spread2.02g Calculate mean and standard deviation2.02h Recognize outliers |
| Stem | Leaf | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 4 | \(( 4 )\) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2 | 5 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | \(( 14 )\) | |||||||||||||||
| 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 9 | \(( 5 )\) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| \(29\) | B1 (1 mark) |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Median \(= 30\) | B1 | B1: 30 (condone no label, but incorrect label is B0) |
| \(IQR = 32 - 28 = 4\) | M1, A1 (3 marks) | M1 attempt to find both quartiles and subtract (at least one correct). A1: 4 cao (must be in part (b)) |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| \(32 + 1.5(4) = 38\) or \(28 - 1.5(4) = 22\) | M1 | M1 sight of \(32+1.5(4)\) or 38, or \(28-1.5(4)\) or 22 |
| Box plot with whiskers, outliers at 20 and 39 marked | B1, B1ft, A1 (4 marks) | B1 box with one whisker at each end. B1ft: 22, their "28", "30", "32", 37 (allow 38). A1: 20 and 39 as the only outliers. Fully correct box plot with no working scores 4/4. |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| *Westyou*: \([Q_2 - Q_1 = 3,\ Q_3 - Q_2 = 1\) or \((Q_2-Q_1)>(Q_3-Q_2)] \Rightarrow\) negative skew | B1, B1ft | |
| *Eastyou*: \([Q_2 - Q_1 = 2,\ Q_3 - Q_2 = 2\) or \((Q_2-Q_1)=(Q_3-Q_2)] \Rightarrow\) symmetrical | depB1 (3 marks) | depB1 justification for both statements (dep on both previous B marks). If only one comment is made, assume it is about Eastyou and B0B1B0 is possible. |
# Question 2:
## Part (a)
$29$ | B1 (1 mark) |
## Part (b)
Median $= 30$ | B1 | B1: 30 (condone no label, but incorrect label is B0)
$IQR = 32 - 28 = 4$ | M1, A1 (3 marks) | M1 attempt to find both quartiles and subtract (at least one correct). A1: 4 cao (must be in part (b))
## Part (c)
$32 + 1.5(4) = 38$ or $28 - 1.5(4) = 22$ | M1 | M1 sight of $32+1.5(4)$ or 38, or $28-1.5(4)$ or 22
Box plot with whiskers, outliers at 20 and 39 marked | B1, B1ft, A1 (4 marks) | B1 box with one whisker at each end. B1ft: 22, their "28", "30", "32", 37 (allow 38). A1: 20 and 39 as the only outliers. Fully correct box plot with no working scores 4/4.
## Part (d)
*Westyou*: $[Q_2 - Q_1 = 3,\ Q_3 - Q_2 = 1$ or $(Q_2-Q_1)>(Q_3-Q_2)] \Rightarrow$ negative skew | B1, B1ft |
*Eastyou*: $[Q_2 - Q_1 = 2,\ Q_3 - Q_2 = 2$ or $(Q_2-Q_1)=(Q_3-Q_2)] \Rightarrow$ symmetrical | depB1 (3 marks) | depB1 justification for **both** statements (dep on both previous B marks). If only one comment is made, assume it is about Eastyou and B0B1B0 is possible.
2. Two youth clubs, Eastyou and Westyou, decided to raise money for charity by running a 5 km race. All the members of the youth clubs took part and the time, in minutes, taken for each member to run the 5 km was recorded.
The times for the Westyou members are summarised in Figure 1.
\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{b115bffa-1190-4a2b-b6f2-b006580e8dbd-06_349_1378_497_274}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
\caption{Figure 1}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Write down the time that is exceeded by $75 \%$ of Westyou members.
The times for the Eastyou members are summarised by the stem and leaf diagram below.
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{ l | l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l }
Stem & \multicolumn{17}{|l}{Leaf} & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\
\hline
2 & 0 & 2 & 3 & 4 & & & & & & & & & & & $( 4 )$ & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\
2 & 5 & 6 & 8 & 8 & 8 & 9 & 9 & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\
3 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 2 & 2 & 2 & 2 & 3 & 4 & $( 14 )$ & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\
3 & 5 & 5 & 5 & 7 & 9 & & & & & & & & & & $( 5 )$ & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & \\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
Key: 2|0 means 20 minutes
\item Find the value of the median and interquartile range for the Eastyou members.
An outlier is a value that falls either
\item On the grid on page 7, draw a box plot to represent the times of the Eastyou members.
\item State the skewness of each distribution. Give reasons for your answers.
$$\begin{aligned}
& \text { more than } 1.5 \times \left( Q _ { 3 } - Q _ { 1 } \right) \text { above } Q _ { 3 } \\
& \text { or more than } 1.5 \times \left( Q _ { 3 } - Q _ { 1 } \right) \text { below } Q _ { 1 }
\end{aligned}$$
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}]{b115bffa-1190-4a2b-b6f2-b006580e8dbd-06_2255_50_314_1976}
\end{center}
\includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{b115bffa-1190-4a2b-b6f2-b006580e8dbd-07_406_1390_2224_262}
Turn over for a spare grid if you need to redraw your box plot.
\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{center}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
\caption{Only use this grid if you need to redraw your box plot.}
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{b115bffa-1190-4a2b-b6f2-b006580e8dbd-09_401_1399_2261_258}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
\end{enumerate}
\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel S1 2018 Q2 [11]}}