OCR Further Additional Pure Specimen — Question 7 11 marks

Exam BoardOCR
ModuleFurther Additional Pure (Further Additional Pure)
SessionSpecimen
Marks11
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicSequences and Series
TypeModelling with Recurrence Relations
DifficultyChallenging +1.2 This is a structured Further Maths question on discrete population models with clear scaffolding. Part (i)(a) requires routine steady-state analysis (setting N_{t+1} = N_t), part (i)(b) is algebraic manipulation to establish an inequality, and part (i)(c) applies standard convergence reasoning. Part (ii) involves straightforward iteration with a calculator and interpretation of the INT function. While it's a Further Maths topic and requires multi-step reasoning, the heavy scaffolding and standard techniques place it slightly above average difficulty but well within reach of a competent FM student.
Spec8.01a Recurrence relations: general sequences, closed form and recurrence8.01c Sequence behaviour: periodic, convergent, divergent, oscillating, monotonic8.01h Modelling with recurrence: birth/death rates, INT function

7 In order to rescue them from extinction, a particular species of ground-nesting birds is introduced into a nature reserve. The number of breeding pairs of these birds in the nature reserve, \(t\) years after their introduction, is an integer denoted by \(N _ { t }\). The initial number of breeding pairs is given by \(N _ { 0 }\). An initial discrete population model is proposed for \(N _ { t }\). $$\text { Model I: } N _ { t + 1 } = \frac { 6 } { 5 } N _ { t } \left( 1 - \frac { 1 } { 900 } N _ { t } \right)$$
  1. (a) For Model I, show that the steady state values of the number of breeding pairs are 0 and 150 .
    (b) Show that \(N _ { t + 1 } - N _ { t } < 150 - N _ { t }\) when \(N _ { t }\) lies between 0 and 150 .
    (c) Hence find the long-term behaviour of the number of breeding pairs of this species of birds in the nature reserve predicted by Model I when \(N _ { 0 } \in ( 0,150 )\). An alternative discrete population model is proposed for \(N _ { t }\). $$\text { Model II: } N _ { t + 1 } = \operatorname { INT } \left( \frac { 6 } { 5 } N _ { t } \left( 1 - \frac { 1 } { 900 } N _ { t } \right) \right)$$
  2. (a) Given that \(N _ { 0 } = 8\), find the value of \(N _ { 4 }\) for each of the two models.
    (b) Which of the two models gives values for \(N _ { t }\) with the more appropriate level of precision?

Question 7:
AnswerMarks Guidance
7(i) (a)
t(cid:14)1 t 5 t 750 t 750 t t
Let M be a steady state value, then
1 M(cid:11)150(cid:16)M(cid:12)(cid:32)0
750
AnswerMarks
M (cid:32)0or150B1
M1
A1
AnswerMarks
[3]3.4
2.1
1.1
AnswerMarks Guidance
7(i) (b)
t(cid:14)1 t 750 t t
N (cid:143)(0,150)(cid:159) 1 N (cid:143)(0,1)
t 750 t 5
Therefore, since 150(cid:16)N (cid:33)0
t
We have thatN (cid:16)N (cid:31)150(cid:16)N
AnswerMarks
t(cid:14)1 t tM1
M1
E1
AnswerMarks
[3]1.1
2.1
AnswerMarks
2.2an
soi
e
m
AnswerMarks Guidance
7(i) (c)
t
AnswerMarks
term, without oscillationB1
B1
AnswerMarks
[2]i
c
3.4
AnswerMarks
3.4For “150”
For “without oscillation” oe
AnswerMarks Guidance
7(ii) (a)
4 p
For Model II N (cid:32)13
AnswerMarks
4e
B1
B1
AnswerMarks
[2]1.1
1.1BC
Must show a non-integer answer
AnswerMarks
BCUsing INT or by rounding after each
iteration
AnswerMarks Guidance
7(ii) (b)
E.g. The number of breeding pairs must be an
integer, so Model II is the more appropriate
AnswerMarks Guidance
model because it gives only integer values.E1
[1]3.5a For considering the appropriateness of
the models given that the context
requires N to be an integer.
t
Question 7:
7 | (i) | (a) | N (cid:16)N (cid:32)1N (cid:16) 1 N 2 or 1 N (cid:11)150(cid:16)N (cid:12)
t(cid:14)1 t 5 t 750 t 750 t t
Let M be a steady state value, then
1 M(cid:11)150(cid:16)M(cid:12)(cid:32)0
750
M (cid:32)0or150 | B1
M1
A1
[3] | 3.4
2.1
1.1
7 | (i) | (b) | N (cid:16)N (cid:32) 1 N (cid:11)150(cid:16)N (cid:12)
t(cid:14)1 t 750 t t
N (cid:143)(0,150)(cid:159) 1 N (cid:143)(0,1)
t 750 t 5
Therefore, since 150(cid:16)N (cid:33)0
t
We have thatN (cid:16)N (cid:31)150(cid:16)N
t(cid:14)1 t t | M1
M1
E1
[3] | 1.1
2.1
2.2a | n
soi
e
m
7 | (i) | (c) | N increases to approach 150 in the long
t
term, without oscillation | B1
B1
[2] | i
c
3.4
3.4 | For “150”
For “without oscillation” oe
7 | (ii) | (a) | For Model I N (cid:32)15.82...
4 p
For Model II N (cid:32)13
4 | e
B1
B1
[2] | 1.1
1.1 | BC
Must show a non-integer answer
BC | Using INT or by rounding after each
iteration
7 | (ii) | (b) | S
E.g. The number of breeding pairs must be an
integer, so Model II is the more appropriate
model because it gives only integer values. | E1
[1] | 3.5a | For considering the appropriateness of
the models given that the context
requires N to be an integer.
t
7 In order to rescue them from extinction, a particular species of ground-nesting birds is introduced into a nature reserve. The number of breeding pairs of these birds in the nature reserve, $t$ years after their introduction, is an integer denoted by $N _ { t }$. The initial number of breeding pairs is given by $N _ { 0 }$.

An initial discrete population model is proposed for $N _ { t }$.

$$\text { Model I: } N _ { t + 1 } = \frac { 6 } { 5 } N _ { t } \left( 1 - \frac { 1 } { 900 } N _ { t } \right)$$
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\item (a) For Model I, show that the steady state values of the number of breeding pairs are 0 and 150 .\\
(b) Show that $N _ { t + 1 } - N _ { t } < 150 - N _ { t }$ when $N _ { t }$ lies between 0 and 150 .\\
(c) Hence find the long-term behaviour of the number of breeding pairs of this species of birds in the nature reserve predicted by Model I when $N _ { 0 } \in ( 0,150 )$.

An alternative discrete population model is proposed for $N _ { t }$.

$$\text { Model II: } N _ { t + 1 } = \operatorname { INT } \left( \frac { 6 } { 5 } N _ { t } \left( 1 - \frac { 1 } { 900 } N _ { t } \right) \right)$$
\item (a) Given that $N _ { 0 } = 8$, find the value of $N _ { 4 }$ for each of the two models.\\
(b) Which of the two models gives values for $N _ { t }$ with the more appropriate level of precision?
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{OCR Further Additional Pure  Q7 [11]}}