| Exam Board | OCR |
|---|---|
| Module | Further Additional Pure (Further Additional Pure) |
| Session | Specimen |
| Marks | 11 |
| Paper | Download PDF ↗ |
| Mark scheme | Download PDF ↗ |
| Topic | Sequences and Series |
| Type | Modelling with Recurrence Relations |
| Difficulty | Challenging +1.2 This is a structured Further Maths question on discrete population models with clear scaffolding. Part (i)(a) requires routine steady-state analysis (setting N_{t+1} = N_t), part (i)(b) is algebraic manipulation to establish an inequality, and part (i)(c) applies standard convergence reasoning. Part (ii) involves straightforward iteration with a calculator and interpretation of the INT function. While it's a Further Maths topic and requires multi-step reasoning, the heavy scaffolding and standard techniques place it slightly above average difficulty but well within reach of a competent FM student. |
| Spec | 8.01a Recurrence relations: general sequences, closed form and recurrence8.01c Sequence behaviour: periodic, convergent, divergent, oscillating, monotonic8.01h Modelling with recurrence: birth/death rates, INT function |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| 7 | (i) | (a) |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M (cid:32)0or150 | B1 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| [3] | 3.4 |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| 7 | (i) | (b) |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| t(cid:14)1 t t | M1 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| [3] | 1.1 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| 2.2a | n |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| 7 | (i) | (c) |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| term, without oscillation | B1 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| [2] | i |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| 3.4 | For “150” |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| 7 | (ii) | (a) |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| 4 | e |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| [2] | 1.1 |
| 1.1 | BC |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| BC | Using INT or by rounding after each |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| 7 | (ii) | (b) |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| model because it gives only integer values. | E1 | |
| [1] | 3.5a | For considering the appropriateness of |
Question 7:
7 | (i) | (a) | N (cid:16)N (cid:32)1N (cid:16) 1 N 2 or 1 N (cid:11)150(cid:16)N (cid:12)
t(cid:14)1 t 5 t 750 t 750 t t
Let M be a steady state value, then
1 M(cid:11)150(cid:16)M(cid:12)(cid:32)0
750
M (cid:32)0or150 | B1
M1
A1
[3] | 3.4
2.1
1.1
7 | (i) | (b) | N (cid:16)N (cid:32) 1 N (cid:11)150(cid:16)N (cid:12)
t(cid:14)1 t 750 t t
N (cid:143)(0,150)(cid:159) 1 N (cid:143)(0,1)
t 750 t 5
Therefore, since 150(cid:16)N (cid:33)0
t
We have thatN (cid:16)N (cid:31)150(cid:16)N
t(cid:14)1 t t | M1
M1
E1
[3] | 1.1
2.1
2.2a | n
soi
e
m
7 | (i) | (c) | N increases to approach 150 in the long
t
term, without oscillation | B1
B1
[2] | i
c
3.4
3.4 | For “150”
For “without oscillation” oe
7 | (ii) | (a) | For Model I N (cid:32)15.82...
4 p
For Model II N (cid:32)13
4 | e
B1
B1
[2] | 1.1
1.1 | BC
Must show a non-integer answer
BC | Using INT or by rounding after each
iteration
7 | (ii) | (b) | S
E.g. The number of breeding pairs must be an
integer, so Model II is the more appropriate
model because it gives only integer values. | E1
[1] | 3.5a | For considering the appropriateness of
the models given that the context
requires N to be an integer.
t
7 In order to rescue them from extinction, a particular species of ground-nesting birds is introduced into a nature reserve. The number of breeding pairs of these birds in the nature reserve, $t$ years after their introduction, is an integer denoted by $N _ { t }$. The initial number of breeding pairs is given by $N _ { 0 }$.
An initial discrete population model is proposed for $N _ { t }$.
$$\text { Model I: } N _ { t + 1 } = \frac { 6 } { 5 } N _ { t } \left( 1 - \frac { 1 } { 900 } N _ { t } \right)$$
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\item (a) For Model I, show that the steady state values of the number of breeding pairs are 0 and 150 .\\
(b) Show that $N _ { t + 1 } - N _ { t } < 150 - N _ { t }$ when $N _ { t }$ lies between 0 and 150 .\\
(c) Hence find the long-term behaviour of the number of breeding pairs of this species of birds in the nature reserve predicted by Model I when $N _ { 0 } \in ( 0,150 )$.
An alternative discrete population model is proposed for $N _ { t }$.
$$\text { Model II: } N _ { t + 1 } = \operatorname { INT } \left( \frac { 6 } { 5 } N _ { t } \left( 1 - \frac { 1 } { 900 } N _ { t } \right) \right)$$
\item (a) Given that $N _ { 0 } = 8$, find the value of $N _ { 4 }$ for each of the two models.\\
(b) Which of the two models gives values for $N _ { t }$ with the more appropriate level of precision?
\end{enumerate}
\hfill \mbox{\textit{OCR Further Additional Pure Q7 [11]}}