| Exam Board | Edexcel |
|---|---|
| Module | Paper 2 (Paper 2) |
| Year | 2021 |
| Session | October |
| Marks | 10 |
| Paper | Download PDF ↗ |
| Mark scheme | Download PDF ↗ |
| Topic | Modulus function |
| Type | Sketch y=|linear| and y=linear with unknown constants, then solve |
| Difficulty | Standard +0.8 This is a multi-part modulus question requiring graph transformations, solving modulus inequalities with parameters, and composite transformations. Part (a) requires reflection and translation understanding; part (b) involves case-by-case analysis of |2x-3k| > 2x-2k with parametric solution; part (c) requires careful tracking of horizontal stretch and vertical transformations. The parametric nature and multiple transformations elevate this above routine modulus work, but it follows systematic techniques taught in Further Maths Pure. |
| Spec | 1.02g Inequalities: linear and quadratic in single variable1.02l Modulus function: notation, relations, equations and inequalities1.02s Modulus graphs: sketch graph of |ax+b|1.02w Graph transformations: simple transformations of f(x) |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
| \(\wedge\) shape in any position | B1 | 1.1b |
| Correct \(x\)-intercepts: \((k,0)\) and \((2k,0)\) | B1 | 1.1b — Allow coordinates written as \((0,k)\) and \((0,2k)\) if in correct places |
| Correct \(y\)-intercept: \((0,-2k)\) or \((-2k,0)\) | B1 | 1.1b — Condone \(k-3k\) for \(-2k\) |
| Correct vertex coordinates: \((1.5k, k)\) | B1 | 1.1b |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
| \(x = k\) | B1 | 2.2a — Deduces correct critical value; may be implied by \(x>k\) or \(x |
| \(k-(2x-3k) = x-k \Rightarrow x = \ldots\) | M1 | 3.1a — Attempts to solve \(k-(2x-3k)=x-k\) or equivalent; allow for reaching \(k=\ldots\) or \(x=\ldots\) |
| \(x = \frac{5k}{3}\) | A1 | 1.1b — Correct value |
| \(\left\{x: x < \frac{5k}{3}\right\} \cap \{x: x > k\}\) | A1 | 2.5 — Correct set notation required; allow \(\ |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
| \(x = 3k\) or \(y = 3-5k\) | B1ft | 2.2a — Follow through from their maximum coordinates from (a); must be in terms of \(k\) |
| \(x = 3k\) and \(y = 3-5k\) | B1ft | 2.2a — Both correct coordinates; allow as coordinates \(x=\ldots, y=\ldots\) |
# Question 11:
## Part (a):
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $\wedge$ shape in any position | B1 | 1.1b |
| Correct $x$-intercepts: $(k,0)$ and $(2k,0)$ | B1 | 1.1b — Allow coordinates written as $(0,k)$ and $(0,2k)$ if in correct places |
| Correct $y$-intercept: $(0,-2k)$ or $(-2k,0)$ | B1 | 1.1b — Condone $k-3k$ for $-2k$ |
| Correct vertex coordinates: $(1.5k, k)$ | B1 | 1.1b |
## Part (b):
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $x = k$ | B1 | 2.2a — Deduces correct critical value; may be implied by $x>k$ or $x<k$ |
| $k-(2x-3k) = x-k \Rightarrow x = \ldots$ | M1 | 3.1a — Attempts to solve $k-(2x-3k)=x-k$ or equivalent; allow for reaching $k=\ldots$ or $x=\ldots$ |
| $x = \frac{5k}{3}$ | A1 | 1.1b — Correct value |
| $\left\{x: x < \frac{5k}{3}\right\} \cap \{x: x > k\}$ | A1 | 2.5 — Correct set notation required; allow $\|$ for $:$ |
**Note:** $\left\{x: x<\frac{5k}{3}\right\}\cup\{x:x>k\}$ scores A0; $\left\{x: k<x,\ x<\frac{5k}{3}\right\}$ scores A0
## Part (c):
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $x = 3k$ **or** $y = 3-5k$ | B1ft | 2.2a — Follow through from their maximum coordinates from (a); must be in terms of $k$ |
| $x = 3k$ **and** $y = 3-5k$ | B1ft | 2.2a — Both correct coordinates; allow as coordinates $x=\ldots, y=\ldots$ |
**Note:** If coordinates given wrong way round and not seen correctly as $x=\ldots, y=\ldots$, e.g. $(3-5k,\ 3k)$ scores B0B0
11.
\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{6c32000f-574f-473c-bd04-9cfe2c1bd715-30_630_630_312_721}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
\caption{Figure 4}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
Figure 4 shows a sketch of the graph with equation
$$y = | 2 x - 3 k |$$
where $k$ is a positive constant.
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Sketch the graph with equation $y = \mathrm { f } ( x )$ where
$$f ( x ) = k - | 2 x - 3 k |$$
stating
\begin{itemize}
\item the coordinates of the maximum point
\item the coordinates of any points where the graph cuts the coordinate axes
\item Find, in terms of $k$, the set of values of $x$ for which
\end{itemize}
$$k - | 2 x - 3 k | > x - k$$
giving your answer in set notation.
\item Find, in terms of $k$, the coordinates of the minimum point of the graph with equation
$$y = 3 - 5 f \left( \frac { 1 } { 2 } x \right)$$
\end{enumerate}
\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel Paper 2 2021 Q11 [10]}}