CAIE P3 2015 November — Question 2 5 marks

Exam BoardCAIE
ModuleP3 (Pure Mathematics 3)
Year2015
SessionNovember
Marks5
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicExponential Functions
TypeSolve exponential equation by substitution
DifficultyModerate -0.3 This is a straightforward substitution problem requiring students to recognize that 3^(2x) = u² and 3^(3x) = u³, leading to the quadratic u + u² = u³. The algebraic manipulation is routine (factoring to get u(u² - u - 1) = 0), and solving the resulting quadratic is standard. While it requires multiple steps and logarithms for the final answer, the technique is well-practiced and involves no conceptual difficulty beyond recognizing the substitution pattern, making it slightly easier than average.
Spec1.06g Equations with exponentials: solve a^x = b

2 Using the substitution \(u = 3 ^ { x }\), solve the equation \(3 ^ { x } + 3 ^ { 2 x } = 3 ^ { 3 x }\) giving your answer correct to 3 significant figures.

AnswerMarks
State or imply \(1 + u = u^2\)B1
Solve for \(u\)M1
Obtain root \(\frac{1}{2}(1 + \sqrt{5})\), or decimal in \([1.61, 1.62]\)A1
Use correct method for finding \(x\) from a positive rootM1
Obtain \(x = 0.438\) and no other answerA1
[5]
State or imply $1 + u = u^2$ | B1 |
Solve for $u$ | M1 |
Obtain root $\frac{1}{2}(1 + \sqrt{5})$, or decimal in $[1.61, 1.62]$ | A1 |
Use correct method for finding $x$ from a positive root | M1 |
Obtain $x = 0.438$ and no other answer | A1 |
| [5] |
2 Using the substitution $u = 3 ^ { x }$, solve the equation $3 ^ { x } + 3 ^ { 2 x } = 3 ^ { 3 x }$ giving your answer correct to 3 significant figures.

\hfill \mbox{\textit{CAIE P3 2015 Q2 [5]}}