| Exam Board | OCR |
|---|---|
| Module | C3 (Core Mathematics 3) |
| Year | 2013 |
| Session | June |
| Marks | 7 |
| Paper | Download PDF ↗ |
| Mark scheme | Download PDF ↗ |
| Topic | Reciprocal Trig & Identities |
| Type | Given one function find others |
| Difficulty | Standard +0.3 This question requires applying standard double angle and Pythagorean identities to form quadratic equations, then solving them. Part (i) uses cos 2α = 1 - 2sin²α to get a quadratic in sin α, and part (ii) uses tan²β = sec²β - 1 to get a quadratic in sec β. While it involves multiple steps and careful algebraic manipulation, these are well-practiced techniques with no novel insight required, making it slightly easier than the average A-level question. |
| Spec | 1.05j Trigonometric identities: tan=sin/cos and sin^2+cos^2=11.05k Further identities: sec^2=1+tan^2 and cosec^2=1+cot^21.05l Double angle formulae: and compound angle formulae |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Answer | Mark | Guidance |
| Use \(2\cos^2\alpha - 1\) or \(\cos^2\alpha - \sin^2\alpha\) or \(1-2\sin^2\alpha\) | B1 | |
| Obtain equation in which \(\sin^2\alpha\) appears once | M1 | Condoning sign slips or arithmetic slips; for solution which gives equation involving \(\tan^2\alpha\), M1 is not earned until valid method for reaching \(\sin\alpha\) is used; attempt involving \(4(1-s^2)=s^2\) is M0 |
| Obtain \(\pm\frac{2}{3}\) | A1 | Both values needed; \(\pm 0.667\) is A0; \(\pm\sqrt{\frac{4}{9}}\) is A0; ignore subsequent work to find angle(s) |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Answer | Mark | Guidance |
| Either: Attempt use of identity | M1 | Of form \(\tan^2\beta = \pm\sec^2\beta \pm 1\) |
| Obtain \(2\sec^2\beta - 9\sec\beta - 5 = 0\) | A1 | Condone absence of \(= 0\) |
| Attempt solution of 3-term quadratic in \(\sec\beta\) to obtain at least one value of \(\sec\beta\) | M1 | If factorising, factors must be such that expansion gives their first and third terms; if using formula, this must be correct for their values |
| Obtain 5 with no errors in solution | A1 | And, finally, no other value; no need to justify rejection of \(-\frac{1}{2}\) |
| Or: Attempt to express equation in terms of \(\cos\beta\) | M1 | Using identities which are correct apart maybe for sign slips |
| Obtain \(5\cos^2\beta + 9\cos\beta - 2 = 0\) | A1 | Condone absence of \(= 0\) |
| Attempt solution of 3-term quadratic and show switch at least once to a secant value | M1 | If factorising, factors must be such that expansion gives their first and third terms |
| Obtain 5 with no errors in solution | A1 | And, finally, no other value; no need to justify rejection of \(-\frac{1}{2}\) |
## Question 2:
### Part (i):
| Answer | Mark | Guidance |
|--------|------|----------|
| Use $2\cos^2\alpha - 1$ or $\cos^2\alpha - \sin^2\alpha$ or $1-2\sin^2\alpha$ | B1 | |
| Obtain equation in which $\sin^2\alpha$ appears once | M1 | Condoning sign slips or arithmetic slips; for solution which gives equation involving $\tan^2\alpha$, M1 is not earned until valid method for reaching $\sin\alpha$ is used; attempt involving $4(1-s^2)=s^2$ is M0 |
| Obtain $\pm\frac{2}{3}$ | A1 | Both values needed; $\pm 0.667$ is A0; $\pm\sqrt{\frac{4}{9}}$ is A0; ignore subsequent work to find angle(s) |
### Part (ii):
| Answer | Mark | Guidance |
|--------|------|----------|
| **Either:** Attempt use of identity | M1 | Of form $\tan^2\beta = \pm\sec^2\beta \pm 1$ |
| Obtain $2\sec^2\beta - 9\sec\beta - 5 = 0$ | A1 | Condone absence of $= 0$ |
| Attempt solution of 3-term quadratic in $\sec\beta$ to obtain at least one value of $\sec\beta$ | M1 | If factorising, factors must be such that expansion gives their first and third terms; if using formula, this must be correct for their values |
| Obtain 5 with no errors in solution | A1 | And, finally, no other value; no need to justify rejection of $-\frac{1}{2}$ |
| **Or:** Attempt to express equation in terms of $\cos\beta$ | M1 | Using identities which are correct apart maybe for sign slips |
| Obtain $5\cos^2\beta + 9\cos\beta - 2 = 0$ | A1 | Condone absence of $= 0$ |
| Attempt solution of 3-term quadratic and show switch at least once to a secant value | M1 | If factorising, factors must be such that expansion gives their first and third terms |
| Obtain 5 with no errors in solution | A1 | And, finally, no other value; no need to justify rejection of $-\frac{1}{2}$ |
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2 Using an appropriate identity in each case, find the possible values of\\
(i) $\sin \alpha$ given that $4 \cos 2 \alpha = \sin ^ { 2 } \alpha$,\\
(ii) $\sec \beta$ given that $2 \tan ^ { 2 } \beta = 3 + 9 \sec \beta$.
\hfill \mbox{\textit{OCR C3 2013 Q2 [7]}}