OCR MEI C2 2011 January — Question 12

Exam BoardOCR MEI
ModuleC2 (Core Mathematics 2)
Year2011
SessionJanuary
TopicExponential Functions

12 The table shows the size of a population of house sparrows from 1980 to 2005.
Year198019851990199520002005
Population250002200018750162501350012000
The 'red alert' category for birds is used when a population has decreased by at least \(50 \%\) in the previous 25 years.
  1. Show that the information for this population is consistent with the house sparrow being on red alert in 2005. The size of the population may be modelled by a function of the form \(P = a \times 10 ^ { - k t }\), where \(P\) is the population, \(t\) is the number of years after 1980, and \(a\) and \(k\) are constants.
  2. Write the equation \(P = a \times 10 ^ { - k t }\) in logarithmic form using base 10, giving your answer as simply as possible.
  3. Complete the table and draw the graph of \(\log _ { 10 } P\) against \(t\), drawing a line of best fit by eye.
  4. Use your graph to find the values of \(a\) and \(k\) and hence the equation for \(P\) in terms of \(t\).
  5. Find the size of the population in 2015 as predicted by this model. Would the house sparrow still be on red alert? Give a reason for your answer.