CAIE P2 2014 June — Question 5 6 marks

Exam BoardCAIE
ModuleP2 (Pure Mathematics 2)
Year2014
SessionJune
Marks6
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicExponential Equations & Modelling
Typeln(y) vs x: find constants from two points
DifficultyStandard +0.3 This is a standard logarithmic linearization problem requiring students to take ln of both sides to get ln(y) = ln(K) + px·ln(2), identify the gradient as p·ln(2) and y-intercept as ln(K), then use two given points to find these values. It's a routine application of a well-practiced technique with straightforward arithmetic, making it slightly easier than average.
Spec1.06f Laws of logarithms: addition, subtraction, power rules1.06h Logarithmic graphs: reduce y=ax^n and y=kb^x to linear form

5 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{de8af872-9f77-4787-8e66-ed199405ca25-2_583_597_1457_772} The variables \(x\) and \(y\) satisfy the equation \(y = K \left( 2 ^ { p x } \right)\), where \(K\) and \(p\) are constants. The graph of \(\ln y\) against \(x\) is a straight line passing through the points ( \(1.35,1.87\) ) and ( \(3.35,3.81\) ), as shown in the diagram. Find the values of \(K\) and \(p\) correct to 2 decimal places.
[0pt] [6]

AnswerMarks
State or imply \(\ln y = \ln K + px\ln 2\)B1
Obtain at least one of:
AnswerMarks
\(1.87 = \ln K + 1.35p\ln 2\), \(3.81 = \ln K + 3.35p\ln 2\), \(p\ln 2 = \frac{3.81 - 1.87}{3.35 - 1.35}\) or equivalentsB1
Solve equation(s) to find one constant, dependent on previous B1M1
Obtain \(p = 1.40\)A1
Substitute to attempt value of \(K\)DM1
Obtain \(\ln K = 0.5605\) and hence \(K = 1.75\)A1 [6]
State or imply $\ln y = \ln K + px\ln 2$ | B1 |
Obtain at least one of:
$1.87 = \ln K + 1.35p\ln 2$, $3.81 = \ln K + 3.35p\ln 2$, $p\ln 2 = \frac{3.81 - 1.87}{3.35 - 1.35}$ or equivalents | B1 |
Solve equation(s) to find one constant, dependent on previous B1 | M1 |
Obtain $p = 1.40$ | A1 |
Substitute to attempt value of $K$ | DM1 |
Obtain $\ln K = 0.5605$ and hence $K = 1.75$ | A1 [6] |
5\\
\includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{de8af872-9f77-4787-8e66-ed199405ca25-2_583_597_1457_772}

The variables $x$ and $y$ satisfy the equation $y = K \left( 2 ^ { p x } \right)$, where $K$ and $p$ are constants. The graph of $\ln y$ against $x$ is a straight line passing through the points ( $1.35,1.87$ ) and ( $3.35,3.81$ ), as shown in the diagram. Find the values of $K$ and $p$ correct to 2 decimal places.\\[0pt]
[6]

\hfill \mbox{\textit{CAIE P2 2014 Q5 [6]}}