| Exam Board | Edexcel |
|---|---|
| Module | M2 (Mechanics 2) |
| Year | 2021 |
| Session | October |
| Marks | 10 |
| Paper | Download PDF ↗ |
| Mark scheme | Download PDF ↗ |
| Topic | Moments |
| Type | Ladder against wall |
| Difficulty | Standard +0.3 This is a standard M2 statics problem requiring resolving forces, taking moments about a point, and applying limiting equilibrium. The geometry is given (tan α = 3/4), making it straightforward to find components. Part (a) is a 'show that' requiring moment equilibrium, and part (b) applies μ = F/R. While it involves multiple steps, it follows a completely standard template for ladder/pole problems with no novel insight required, making it slightly easier than average. |
| Spec | 3.03t Coefficient of friction: F <= mu*R model3.03u Static equilibrium: on rough surfaces3.04b Equilibrium: zero resultant moment and force |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
| Moments about \(B\) | M1 | Dimensionally correct. Condone sin/cos confusion and errors in angles. OR: Correct moments equation and resolution where required |
| \(T \times 2.5\sin\alpha = 70 \times 1.25\sin 2\alpha\) | A1 | Unsimplified equation in \(\alpha\) with at most one error |
| Or \(T \times 2.5\sin\alpha = 70 \times 2\sin\alpha\) | A1 | Correct unsimplified equation in \(\alpha\) |
| Or use similar triangles \(T \times \frac{3}{2} = 70 \times \frac{6}{5}\) | ||
| \(T = 70 \times \frac{4}{5} = 56\ \text{(N)}\) | A1* | Obtain given answer from correct exact working and no errors seen |
| Total: (4) |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
| Resolve horizontally | M1 | First equation |
| \(H = T\sin\alpha\ (= 33.6\ \text{(N)})\) | A1ft | Correct unsimplified equation |
| Resolve vertically | M1 | Second equation |
| \(V + T\cos\alpha = 70\ \ (V = 25.2\ \text{(N)})\) | A1ft | Correct unsimplified equation |
| \(V = \mu H\) | M1 | Use of \(F = \mu R\) with their \(V\), \(H\) |
| \(\mu = \frac{3}{4}\) | A1 | Correct only (no substitution for \(g\) required) |
| Total: (6) |
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
| Resolve parallel to the rod | M1 | |
| \(H\sin 2\alpha + 70\cos 2\alpha = 56\cos\alpha + V\cos 2\alpha\) | A1ft | \((24H - 7V = 630)\) |
| Resolve perpendicular to the rod | M1 | |
| \(70\sin 2\alpha = 56\sin\alpha + V\sin 2\alpha + H\cos 2\alpha\) | A1ft | \((24V + 7H = 840)\) |
| \(V = \mu H\) | M1 | Use of \(F = \mu R\) with their \(V\), \(H\) |
| \(\mu = \frac{3}{4}\) | A1 | Correct only (no substitution for \(g\) required) |
| Total: (6) [10] |
# Question 5:
## Part 5a:
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Moments about $B$ | M1 | Dimensionally correct. Condone sin/cos confusion and errors in angles. OR: Correct moments equation and resolution where required |
| $T \times 2.5\sin\alpha = 70 \times 1.25\sin 2\alpha$ | A1 | Unsimplified equation in $\alpha$ with at most one error |
| Or $T \times 2.5\sin\alpha = 70 \times 2\sin\alpha$ | A1 | Correct unsimplified equation in $\alpha$ |
| Or use similar triangles $T \times \frac{3}{2} = 70 \times \frac{6}{5}$ | | |
| $T = 70 \times \frac{4}{5} = 56\ \text{(N)}$ | A1* | Obtain given answer from correct exact working and no errors seen |
| **Total: (4)** | | |
## Part 5b:
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Resolve horizontally | M1 | First equation |
| $H = T\sin\alpha\ (= 33.6\ \text{(N)})$ | A1ft | Correct unsimplified equation |
| Resolve vertically | M1 | Second equation |
| $V + T\cos\alpha = 70\ \ (V = 25.2\ \text{(N)})$ | A1ft | Correct unsimplified equation |
| $V = \mu H$ | M1 | Use of $F = \mu R$ with their $V$, $H$ |
| $\mu = \frac{3}{4}$ | A1 | Correct only (no substitution for $g$ required) |
| **Total: (6)** | | |
## Part 5b (Alternative):
| Answer/Working | Mark | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Resolve parallel to the rod | M1 | |
| $H\sin 2\alpha + 70\cos 2\alpha = 56\cos\alpha + V\cos 2\alpha$ | A1ft | $(24H - 7V = 630)$ |
| Resolve perpendicular to the rod | M1 | |
| $70\sin 2\alpha = 56\sin\alpha + V\sin 2\alpha + H\cos 2\alpha$ | A1ft | $(24V + 7H = 840)$ |
| $V = \mu H$ | M1 | Use of $F = \mu R$ with their $V$, $H$ |
| $\mu = \frac{3}{4}$ | A1 | Correct only (no substitution for $g$ required) |
| **Total: (6) [10]** | | |
---
5.
\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{80dceee7-2eea-4082-ad20-7b3fe4e8bb25-12_597_502_210_721}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
\caption{Figure 2}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
A pole $A B$ has length 2.5 m and weight 70 N .\\
The pole rests with end $B$ against a rough vertical wall. One end of a cable of length 4 m is attached to the pole at $A$. The other end of the cable is attached to the wall at the point $C$. The point $C$ is vertically above $B$ and $B C = 2.5 \mathrm {~m}$.\\
The angle between the cable and the wall is $\alpha$, as shown in Figure 2.\\
The pole is in a vertical plane perpendicular to the wall.\\
The cable is modelled as a light inextensible string and the pole is modelled as a uniform rod.
Given that $\tan \alpha = \frac { 3 } { 4 }$
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item show that the tension in the cable is 56 N .
Given also that the pole is in limiting equilibrium,
\item find the coefficient of friction between the pole and the wall.
\includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{80dceee7-2eea-4082-ad20-7b3fe4e8bb25-15_90_61_2613_1886}
\end{enumerate}
\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel M2 2021 Q5 [10]}}