CAIE P3 (Pure Mathematics 3) 2013 June

1 Solve the inequality \(| 4 x + 3 | > | x |\).

2 It is given that \(\ln ( y + 1 ) - \ln y = 1 + 3 \ln x\). Express \(y\) in terms of \(x\), in a form not involving logarithms.

3 Solve the equation \(\tan 2 x = 5 \cot x\), for \(0 ^ { \circ } < x < 180 ^ { \circ }\).

4

1. Express \(( \sqrt { } 3 ) \cos x + \sin x\) in the form \(R \cos ( x - \alpha )\), where \(R > 0\) and \(0 < \alpha < \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi\), giving the exact values of \(R\) and \(\alpha\).
2. Hence show that $$\int _ { \frac { 1 } { 6 } \pi } ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi } \frac { 1 } { ( ( \sqrt { } 3 ) \cos x + \sin x ) ^ { 2 } } \mathrm {~d} x = \frac { 1 } { 4 } \sqrt { } 3$$

5 The polynomial \(8 x ^ { 3 } + a x ^ { 2 } + b x + 3\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are constants, is denoted by \(\mathrm { p } ( x )\). It is given that \(( 2 x + 1 )\) is a factor of \(\mathrm { p } ( x )\) and that when \(\mathrm { p } ( x )\) is divided by ( \(2 x - 1\) ) the remainder is 1 .

1. Find the values of \(a\) and \(b\).
2. When \(a\) and \(b\) have these values, find the remainder when \(\mathrm { p } ( x )\) is divided by \(2 x ^ { 2 } - 1\).

6 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{436d891d-92ee-4076-8369-db756d413979-2_435_597_1516_776} The diagram shows the curves \(y = \mathrm { e } ^ { 2 x - 3 }\) and \(y = 2 \ln x\). When \(x = a\) the tangents to the curves are parallel.

1. Show that \(a\) satisfies the equation \(a = \frac { 1 } { 2 } ( 3 - \ln a )\).
2. Verify by calculation that this equation has a root between 1 and 2 .
3. Use the iterative formula \(a _ { n + 1 } = \frac { 1 } { 2 } \left( 3 - \ln a _ { n } \right)\) to calculate \(a\) correct to 2 decimal places, showing the result of each iteration to 4 decimal places.

7 The complex number \(z\) is defined by \(z = a + \mathrm { i } b\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are real. The complex conjugate of \(z\) is denoted by \(z ^ { * }\).

1. Show that \(| z | ^ { 2 } = z z ^ { * }\) and that \(( z - k \mathrm { i } ) ^ { * } = z ^ { * } + k \mathrm { i }\), where \(k\) is real. In an Argand diagram a set of points representing complex numbers \(z\) is defined by the equation \(| z - 10 \mathrm { i } | = 2 | z - 4 \mathrm { i } |\).
2. Show, by squaring both sides, that $$z z ^ { * } - 2 \mathrm { i } z ^ { * } + 2 \mathrm { i } z - 12 = 0$$ Hence show that \(| z - 2 i | = 4\).
3. Describe the set of points geometrically.

8 The variables \(x\) and \(t\) satisfy the differential equation $$t \frac { \mathrm {~d} x } { \mathrm {~d} t } = \frac { k - x ^ { 3 } } { 2 x ^ { 2 } }$$ for \(t > 0\), where \(k\) is a constant. When \(t = 1 , x = 1\) and when \(t = 4 , x = 2\).

1. Solve the differential equation, finding the value of \(k\) and obtaining an expression for \(x\) in terms of \(t\).
2. State what happens to the value of \(x\) as \(t\) becomes large.

9 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{436d891d-92ee-4076-8369-db756d413979-3_307_601_1553_772} The diagram shows the curve \(y = \sin ^ { 2 } 2 x \cos x\) for \(0 \leqslant x \leqslant \frac { 1 } { 2 } \pi\), and its maximum point \(M\).

1. Find the \(x\)-coordinate of \(M\).
2. Using the substitution \(u = \sin x\), find by integration the area of the shaded region bounded by the curve and the \(x\)-axis.

10 The line \(l\) has equation \(\mathbf { r } = \mathbf { i } + \mathbf { j } + \mathbf { k } + \lambda ( a \mathbf { i } + 2 \mathbf { j } + \mathbf { k } )\), where \(a\) is a constant. The plane \(p\) has equation \(x + 2 y + 2 z = 6\). Find the value or values of \(a\) in each of the following cases.

1. The line \(l\) is parallel to the plane \(p\).
2. The line \(l\) intersects the line passing through the points with position vectors \(3 \mathbf { i } + 2 \mathbf { j } + \mathbf { k }\) and \(\mathbf { i } + \mathbf { j } - \mathbf { k }\).
3. The acute angle between the line \(l\) and the plane \(p\) is \(\tan ^ { - 1 } 2\).