Surface area of revolution: parametric curve

A question asking for the surface area generated when a curve given in parametric form is rotated about an axis.

12 questions · Challenging +1.5

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OCR Further Additional Pure Specimen Q1
4 marks Challenging +1.8
1 A curve is given by \(x = t ^ { 2 } - 2 \ln t , y = 4 t\) for \(t > 0\). When the arc of the curve between the points where \(t = 1\) and \(t = 4\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis, a surface of revolution is formed with surface area \(A\).
Given that \(A = k \pi\), where \(k\) is an integer,
  • write down an integral which gives \(A\) and
  • find the value of \(k\).
Edexcel FP2 2022 June Q10
12 marks Challenging +1.2
10. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{9516df6d-0e85-45d8-afb0-281c80450159-28_387_474_340_324} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 2}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{9516df6d-0e85-45d8-afb0-281c80450159-28_448_716_315_1023} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 3}
\end{figure} Figure 2 shows a picture of a plant pot.
The plant pot has
  • a flat circular base of radius 10 cm
  • a height of 15 cm
Figure 3 shows a sketch of the curve \(C\) with parametric equations $$x = 10 + 15 t - 5 t ^ { 3 } \quad y = 15 t ^ { 2 } \quad 0 \leqslant t \leqslant 1$$ The curved inner surface of the plant pot is modelled by the surface of revolution formed by rotating curve \(C\) through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(y\)-axis.
  1. Show that, according to the model, the area of the curved inner surface of the plant pot is given by $$150 \pi \int _ { 0 } ^ { 1 } \left( 2 + 3 t + 2 t ^ { 2 } + 2 t ^ { 3 } - t ^ { 5 } \right) \mathrm { d } t$$
  2. Determine, according to the model, the total area of the inner surface of the plant pot. Each plant pot will be painted with one coat of paint, both inside and outside. The paint in one tin will cover an area of \(12 \mathrm {~m} ^ { 2 }\)
  3. Use the answer to part (b) to estimate how many plant pots can be painted using one tin of paint.
  4. Give a reason why the model might not give an accurate answer to part (c).
AQA FP2 2006 June Q2
8 marks Challenging +1.2
2 A curve has parametric equations $$x = t - \frac { 1 } { 3 } t ^ { 3 } , \quad y = t ^ { 2 }$$
  1. Show that $$\left( \frac { \mathrm { d } x } { \mathrm {~d} t } \right) ^ { 2 } + \left( \frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} t } \right) ^ { 2 } = \left( 1 + t ^ { 2 } \right) ^ { 2 }$$
  2. The arc of the curve between \(t = 1\) and \(t = 2\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis. Show that \(S\), the surface area generated, is given by \(S = k \pi\), where \(k\) is a rational number to be found.
AQA FP2 2015 June Q3
9 marks Challenging +1.2
3 A curve \(C\) is defined parametrically by $$x = \frac { t ^ { 2 } + 1 } { t } , \quad y = 2 \ln t$$
  1. Show that \(\left( \frac { \mathrm { d } x } { \mathrm {~d} t } \right) ^ { 2 } + \left( \frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} t } \right) ^ { 2 } = \left( 1 + \frac { 1 } { t ^ { 2 } } \right) ^ { 2 }\).
  2. The arc of \(C\) from \(t = 1\) to \(t = 2\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis. Find the area of the surface generated, giving your answer in the form \(\pi ( m \ln 2 + n )\), where \(m\) and \(n\) are integers.
    [0pt] [5 marks]
AQA Further Paper 2 2021 June Q7
7 marks Challenging +1.8
7 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{13abb93f-2fef-465c-980c-3b412de06618-10_854_1027_264_520} The diagram shows a curve known as an astroid.
The curve has parametric equations $$\begin{aligned} & x = 4 \cos ^ { 3 } t \\ & y = 4 \sin ^ { 3 } t \\ & ( 0 \leq t < 2 \pi ) \end{aligned}$$ The section of the curve from \(t = 0\) to \(t = \frac { \pi } { 2 }\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis. Show that the curved surface area of the shape formed is equal to \(\frac { b \pi } { c }\), where \(b\) and \(c\) are integers.
CAIE FP1 2018 November Q4
Challenging +1.2
4 A curve is defined parametrically by $$x = t - \frac { 1 } { 2 } \sin 2 t \quad \text { and } \quad y = \sin ^ { 2 } t$$ The arc of the curve joining the point where \(t = 0\) to the point where \(t = \pi\) is rotated through one complete revolution about the \(x\)-axis. The area of the surface generated is denoted by \(S\).
  1. Show that $$S = a \pi \int _ { 0 } ^ { \pi } \sin ^ { 3 } t \mathrm {~d} t$$ where the constant \(a\) is to be found.
  2. Using the result \(\sin 3 t = 3 \sin t - 4 \sin ^ { 3 } t\), find the exact value of \(S\).
Pre-U Pre-U 9795/1 2017 June Q4
7 marks Challenging +1.8
4 The curve \(C\) has parametric equations \(x = \frac { 1 } { 2 } t ^ { 2 } - \ln t , y = 2 t\), for \(1 \leqslant t \leqslant 4\). When \(C\) is rotated through \(2 \pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis, a surface of revolution is formed of surface area \(S\). Determine the exact value of \(S\).
CAIE FP1 2018 November Q4
8 marks Challenging +1.3
A curve is defined parametrically by $$x = t - \frac{1}{2}\sin 2t \quad \text{and} \quad y = \sin^2 t.$$ The arc of the curve joining the point where \(t = 0\) to the point where \(t = \pi\) is rotated through one complete revolution about the \(x\)-axis. The area of the surface generated is denoted by \(S\).
  1. Show that $$S = a\pi \int_0^\pi \sin^3 t \, dt,$$ where the constant \(a\) is to be found. [5]
  2. Using the result \(\sin 3t = 3\sin t - 4\sin^3 t\), find the exact value of \(S\). [3]
CAIE FP1 2018 November Q11
28 marks Challenging +1.3
Answer only one of the following two alternatives. EITHER The curve \(C\) is defined parametrically by $$x = 18t - t^2 \quad \text{and} \quad y = 8t^{\frac{1}{2}},$$ where \(0 < t \leqslant 4\).
  1. Show that at all points of \(C\), $$\frac{\mathrm{d}^2 y}{\mathrm{d}x^2} = \frac{-3(9 + t)}{2t^2(9 - t)^3}.$$ [4]
  2. Show that the mean value of \(\frac{\mathrm{d}^2 y}{\mathrm{d}x^2}\) with respect to \(x\) over the interval \(0 < x \leqslant 56\) is \(\frac{3}{70}\). [4]
  3. Find the area of the surface generated when \(C\) is rotated through \(2\pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis, showing full working. [6]
OR Let \(I_n = \int_1^{\sqrt{2}} (x^2 - 1)^n \mathrm{d}x\).
  1. Show that, for \(n \geqslant 1\), $$(2n + 1)I_n = \sqrt{2} - 2nI_{n-1}.$$ [5]
  2. Using the substitution \(x = \sec \theta\), show that $$I_n = \int_0^{\frac{1}{4}\pi} \tan^{2n+1} \theta \sec \theta \, \mathrm{d}\theta.$$ [4]
  3. Deduce the exact value of $$\int_0^{\frac{1}{4}\pi} \frac{\sin^7 \theta}{\cos^8 \theta} \, \mathrm{d}\theta.$$ [5]
Edexcel F3 2018 Specimen Q7
11 marks Challenging +1.2
The curve \(C\) has parametric equations $$x = 3t^4, \quad y = 4t^3, \quad 0 \leq t \leq 1$$ The curve \(C\) is rotated through \(2\pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis. The area of the curved surface generated is \(S\).
  1. Show that $$S = k\pi \int_{0}^{1} t^2(t^2 + 1)^{\frac{1}{2}} dt$$ where \(k\) is a constant to be found. [4]
  2. Use the substitution \(u^2 = t^2 + 1\) to find the value of \(S\), giving your answer in the form \(p\pi\left(11\sqrt{2} - 4\right)\) where \(p\) is a rational number to be found. [7]
Edexcel FP3 Q25
12 marks Challenging +1.8
\includegraphics{figure_25} Figure 1 shows the curve with parametric equations $$x = a \cos^3 \theta, \quad y = a \sin^3 \theta, \quad 0 \leq \theta < 2\pi.$$
  1. Find the total length of this curve. [7]
The curve is rotated through \(\pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis.
  1. Find the area of the surface generated. [5]
Edexcel FP3 Q31
8 marks Challenging +1.8
\includegraphics{figure_31} Figure 1 shows a sketch of the curve with parametric equations $$x = a \cos^3 t, \quad y = a \sin^3 t, \quad 0 \leq t \leq \frac{\pi}{2},$$ where \(a\) is a positive constant. The curve is rotated through \(2\pi\) radians about the \(x\)-axis. Find the exact value of the area of the curved surface generated. [8]