Conical pendulum – particle on horizontal surface

1 A particle \(P\) of mass 0.3 kg is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length 0.6 m . The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point \(O\) of a smooth horizontal plane. \(P\) moves on the plane at constant speed \(5 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) in a circle with centre \(O\). Calculate the tension in the string.

1 A particle of mass 2 kg is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length 0.6 m . The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point on a smooth horizontal surface. The particle is moving in a circular path on the surface. The tension in the string is 20 N . Find how many revolutions the particle makes per minute.

2 A particle \(P\) of mass 0.4 kg is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length 1.8 m . The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point, \(O\), on a smooth horizontal plane. Initially, \(P\) is moving with a constant speed of \(12 \mathrm {~ms} ^ { - 1 }\) in a horizontal circle with \(O\) as its centre.

1. 1. Find the magnitude of the acceleration of \(P\).
   2. State the direction of the acceleration of \(P\). A force is now applied to \(P\) in such a way that its angular velocity increases. At the instant that the angular velocity reaches \(8 \mathrm { rad } \mathrm { s } ^ { - 1 }\), the string breaks.
2. 1. Find the speed with which \(P\) is moving at the instant that the string breaks.
   2. Find the tension in the string at the instant that the string breaks. After the string has broken \(P\) starts to move directly up a smooth slope which is fixed to the plane and inclined at an angle \(\theta ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal. Particle \(P\) moves a distance of 20 m up the slope before coming to instantaneous rest.
3. Use an energy method to determine the value of \(\theta\).

1 One end of a light inextensible string of length 2.8 m is attached to a fixed point \(O\) on a smooth horizontal table. The other end of the string is attached to a particle \(P\) which moves on the table, with the string taut, in a circular path around \(O\). The speed of \(P\) is constant and \(P\) completes each circle in 0.84 seconds.

1. Find the magnitude of the angular velocity of \(P\).
2. Find the speed of \(P\).
3. Find the magnitude of the acceleration of \(P\).
4. State the direction of the acceleration of \(P\).

1 A particle \(P\) of mass 2.4 kg is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length 1.4 m . The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point \(O\) on a smooth horizontal table. \(P\) moves on the table at constant speed along a circular path with \(O\) at its centre. The magnitude of the tension in the string is 21 N .

1. (a) Find the magnitude of the acceleration of \(P\).
   (b) State the direction of the acceleration of \(P\).
2. Find the speed of \(P\).
3. Find the time taken for \(P\) to complete a single revolution.

\includegraphics{figure_3} One end of a light inextensible string of length \(0.2 \text{ m}\) is attached to a fixed point \(A\) which is above a smooth horizontal surface. A particle \(P\) of mass \(0.6 \text{ kg}\) is attached to the other end of the string. \(P\) moves in a circle on the surface with constant speed \(v \text{ m s}^{-1}\), with the string taut and making an angle of \(30°\) to the horizontal (see diagram).

1. Given that \(v = 1.5\), calculate the magnitude of the force that the surface exerts on \(P\). [4]
2. Given instead that \(P\) moves with its greatest possible speed while remaining in contact with the surface, find \(v\). [3]

A particle \(P\) of mass \(0.1\text{ kg}\) is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length \(0.5\text{ m}\). The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point \(A\). The particle \(P\) moves in a circle which has its centre \(O\) on a smooth horizontal surface \(0.3\text{ m}\) below \(A\). The tension in the string has magnitude \(T\text{ N}\) and the magnitude of the force exerted on \(P\) by the surface is \(R\text{ N}\).

1. Given that the speed of \(P\) is \(1.5\text{ m s}^{-1}\), calculate \(T\) and \(R\). [4]
2. Given instead that \(T = R\), calculate the angular speed of \(P\). [4]

A particle of mass 3 kg is attached to one end of a light inextensible string. The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point on a smooth horizontal surface. The particle is set into motion so that it moves with a constant speed 4 m s\(^{-1}\) in a circular path with radius 0.8 metres on the horizontal surface.

1. Find the acceleration of the particle. [2 marks]
2. Find the tension in the string. [1 mark]
3. Show that the angular speed of the particle is 48 revolutions per minute correct to two significant figures. [2 marks]

A particle of mass 1.2 kg is attached to one end of a light inextensible string of length 2 m. The other end of the string is fixed to a point O on a smooth horizontal surface. With the string taut, the particle moves on the surface with constant speed \(8\text{ ms}^{-1}\) in a horizontal circle with centre O.

1. Find the angular velocity of the particle about O. [2]
2. Calculate the tension in the string. [2]