A space-ship is moving in a straight line in deep space and needs to reduce its speed from \(U\) to \(V\). This is done by ejecting fuel from the front of the space-ship at a constant speed \(k\) relative to the space-ship. When the speed of the space-ship is \(v\), its mass is \(m\).
- Show that, while the space-ship is ejecting fuel, \(\frac{\mathrm{d}m}{\mathrm{d}v} = -\frac{m}{k}\). [6]
The initial mass of the space-ship is \(M\).
- Find, in terms of \(U\), \(V\), \(k\) and \(M\), the amount of fuel which needs to be used to reduce the speed of the space-ship from \(U\) to \(V\). [6]