Rod or pendulum circular motion energy

A particle attached to a light rod or inextensible string moves in a vertical circle about a fixed pivot, requiring energy conservation to find speed at various angles and Newton's second law for tension or reaction forces.

3 questions · Standard +0.8

6.02i Conservation of energy: mechanical energy principle
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Edexcel M3 2021 October Q6
10 marks Standard +0.8
6. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{9777abb8-a564-40d5-8d96-d5649913737b-20_534_551_248_699} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 3}
\end{figure} A light rod of length \(a\) is free to rotate in a vertical plane about a horizontal axis through one end \(O\). A particle \(P\) of mass \(m\) is attached to the other end of the rod. The particle \(P\) is held at rest with the rod making an angle \(\alpha\) with the upward vertical through \(O\), where \(\tan \alpha = \frac { 3 } { 4 }\) The particle \(P\) is then projected with speed \(u\) in a direction which is perpendicular to the rod. At the instant when the rod makes an angle \(\theta\) with the upward vertical through \(O\), the speed of \(P\) is \(v\), as shown in Figure 3. Air resistance is assumed to be negligible.
  1. Show that \(v ^ { 2 } = u ^ { 2 } + \frac { 2 a g } { 5 } ( 4 - 5 \cos \theta )\) It is given that \(u ^ { 2 } = \frac { 6 a g } { 5 }\) and \(P\) moves in complete vertical circles. When \(\theta = \beta\), the force exerted on \(P\) by the rod is zero.
  2. Find the value of \(\cos \beta\)
Edexcel M3 2016 June Q6
13 marks Challenging +1.2
6. One end of a light inextensible string of length \(l\) is attached to a particle \(P\) of mass \(2 m\). The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point \(A\). The particle is hanging freely at rest with the string vertical. The particle is then projected horizontally with speed \(\sqrt { \frac { 7 g l } { 2 } }\) (a) Find the speed of \(P\) at the instant when the string is horizontal.
(4) When the string is horizontal and \(P\) is moving upwards, the string comes into contact with a small smooth peg which is fixed at the point \(B\), where \(A B\) is horizontal and \(A B < l\). The particle then describes a complete semicircle with centre \(B\).
(b) Show that \(A B \geqslant \frac { 1 } { 2 } l\)
OCR Further Mechanics AS 2020 November Q3
6 marks Standard +0.3
3 A particle \(P\) of mass 5.6 kg is attached to one end of a light rod of length 2.1 m . The other end of the rod is freely hinged to a fixed point \(O\). The particle is initially at rest directly below \(O\). It is then projected horizontally with speed \(5 \mathrm {~ms} ^ { - 1 }\). In the subsequent motion, the angle between the rod and the downward vertical at \(O\) is denoted by \(\theta\) radians, as shown in the diagram. \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{0501e5a4-2137-4e7d-98ff-2ee81941cbf3-2_499_312_1905_244}
  1. Find the speed of \(P\) when \(\theta = \frac { 1 } { 4 } \pi\).
  2. Find the value of \(\theta\) when \(P\) first comes to instantaneous rest.