Projectile with bounce or impact

A question is this type if and only if the projectile bounces off a surface (ground, wall, or plane) with specified coefficient of restitution or velocity change, requiring analysis of motion after impact.

15 questions · Standard +0.7

3.02i Projectile motion: constant acceleration model
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CAIE M2 2006 June Q7
11 marks Standard +0.3
7 A stone is projected from a point \(O\) on horizontal ground with speed \(V \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle \(\theta\) above the horizontal, where \(\sin \theta = \frac { 3 } { 5 }\). The stone is at its highest point when it has travelled a horizontal distance of 19.2 m .
  1. Find the value of \(V\). After passing through its highest point the stone strikes a vertical wall at a point 4 m above the ground.
  2. Find the horizontal distance between \(O\) and the wall. At the instant when the stone hits the wall the horizontal component of the stone's velocity is halved in magnitude and reversed in direction. The vertical component of the stone's velocity does not change as a result of the stone hitting the wall.
  3. Find the distance from the wall of the point where the stone reaches the ground.
CAIE M2 2012 June Q5
7 marks Standard +0.3
5 A ball is projected with velocity \(25 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(70 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\) on horizontal ground. The ball subsequently bounces once on the ground at a point \(P\) before landing at a point \(Q\) where it remains at rest. The distance \(P Q\) is 17.1 m .
  1. Calculate the time taken by the ball to travel from \(O\) to \(P\) and the distance \(O P\).
  2. Given that the horizontal component of the velocity of the ball does not change at \(P\), calculate the speed of the ball when it leaves \(P\).
CAIE M2 2015 June Q6
9 marks Challenging +1.8
6 \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{a03ad6c1-b4a3-4007-8d3b-ce289a998a55-4_520_582_264_440} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Fig. 1}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{a03ad6c1-b4a3-4007-8d3b-ce289a998a55-4_497_300_287_1411} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Fig. 2}
\end{figure} A small ball \(B\) is projected with speed \(U \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(\theta ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\). At time 2 s after the instant of projection, \(B\) strikes a smooth wall which slopes at \(60 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. The speed of \(B\) is \(18 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) and its direction of motion is perpendicular to the wall at the instant of impact (see Fig. 1). \(B\) bounces off the wall with speed \(V \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) in a direction perpendicular to the wall. At time 0.8 s after \(B\) bounces off the wall, \(B\) strikes the wall again at a lower point \(A\) (see Fig. 2).
  1. Find \(U\) and \(\theta\).
  2. By considering the motion of \(B\) after it bounces off the wall, calculate \(V\).
CAIE M2 2003 November Q5
11 marks Standard +0.8
5 A stone is projected from a point on horizontal ground with a speed of \(20 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(\alpha ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal. The stone is moving horizontally when it hits a vertical wall at a point 7.2 m above the ground.
  1. Find the value of \(\alpha\). After rebounding at right angles from the wall the speed of the stone is halved. Find
  2. the distance from the wall of the point at which the stone hits the ground,
  3. the angle which the direction of motion of the stone makes with the horizontal, immediately before the stone hits the ground.
CAIE M2 2012 November Q3
8 marks Standard +0.3
3 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{e30ba526-db21-4904-96dc-c12a1f67c81a-2_397_1303_1790_422} The point \(O\) is 1.2 m below rough horizontal ground \(A B C\). A ball is projected from \(O\) with speed \(25 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(70 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. The ball passes over the point \(A\) after travelling a horizontal distance of 2 m . The ball subsequently bounces once on the ground at \(B\). The ball leaves \(B\) with speed \(15 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) and travels a further horizontal distance of 20 m before landing at \(C\) (see diagram).
  1. Calculate the height above the level of \(O\) of the ball when it is vertically above \(A\).
  2. Calculate the time after the instant of projection when the ball reaches \(B\).
  3. Find the angle which the trajectory of the ball makes with the horizontal immediately after it bounces at \(B\). \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{e30ba526-db21-4904-96dc-c12a1f67c81a-3_663_695_258_726} A cylinder of height 0.9 m and radius 0.9 m is placed symmetrically on top of a cylinder of height \(h \mathrm {~m}\) and radius \(r \mathrm {~m}\), where \(r < 0.9\), with plane faces in contact and axes in the same vertical line \(A B\), where \(A\) and \(B\) are centres of plane faces of the cylinders (see diagram). Both cylinders are uniform and made of the same material. The lower cylinder is gradually tilted and when the axis of symmetry is inclined at \(45 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal the upper cylinder is on the point of toppling without sliding.
CAIE M2 2016 November Q4
8 marks Standard +0.3
4 A particle \(P\) is projected with speed \(20 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(30 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\) on horizontal ground. \(P\) subsequently bounces when it first strikes the ground at the point \(A\).
  1. Find the time after projection when \(P\) first strikes the ground, and the distance \(O A\). When \(P\) bounces at \(A\) the horizontal component of the velocity of \(P\) is unchanged. The vertical component of velocity is \(8 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) immediately after bouncing. \(P\) strikes the ground for the second time at \(B\) where it remains at rest.
  2. Calculate the first and last times after projection at which the speed of \(P\) is \(18 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\).
CAIE M2 2017 November Q7
11 marks Standard +0.8
7 A small ball \(B\) is projected from a point \(O\) which is \(h \mathrm {~m}\) above a horizontal plane. At time 2 s after projection \(B\) has speed \(18 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) and is moving in the direction \(30 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal.
  1. Find the initial speed and the angle of projection of \(B\). \(B\) has speed \(38 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) immediately before it strikes the plane.
  2. Calculate \(h\). \(B\) bounces when it strikes the plane, and leaves the plane with speed \(20 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) but with its horizontal component of velocity unchanged.
  3. Find the total time which elapses between the initial projection of \(B\) and the instant when it strikes the plane for the second time.
CAIE Further Paper 3 2022 November Q7
10 marks Challenging +1.2
7 A particle \(P\) is projected with speed \(\mathrm { Vms } ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle \(75 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\) on a horizontal plane. It then moves freely under gravity.
  1. Show that the total time of flight, in seconds, is \(\frac { 2 \mathrm {~V} } { \mathrm {~g} } \sin 75 ^ { \circ }\).
    A smooth vertical barrier is now inserted with its lower end on the plane at a distance 15 m from \(O\). The particle is projected as before but now strikes the barrier, rebounds and returns to \(O\). The coefficient of restitution between the barrier and the particle is \(\frac { 3 } { 5 }\).
  2. Explain why the total time of flight is unchanged.
  3. Find an expression for \(V\) in terms of \(g\).
    If you use the following page to complete the answer to any question, the question number must be clearly shown.
OCR M2 2008 January Q1
4 marks Standard +0.3
1 A ball is projected with speed \(12 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of elevation of \(55 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal. At the instant when the ball reaches its greatest height, it hits a vertical wall, which is perpendicular to the ball's path. The coefficient of restitution between the ball and the wall is 0.65 . Calculate the speed of the ball
  1. immediately before its impact with the wall,
  2. immediately after its impact with the wall.
CAIE M1 2018 June Q2
5 marks Moderate -0.8
A small ball is projected vertically downwards with speed \(5\text{ m s}^{-1}\) from a point \(A\) at a height of \(7.2\text{ m}\) above horizontal ground. The ball hits the ground with speed \(V\text{ m s}^{-1}\) and rebounds vertically upwards with speed \(\frac{1}{2}V\text{ m s}^{-1}\). The highest point the ball reaches after rebounding is \(B\). Find \(V\) and hence find the total time taken for the ball to reach the ground from \(A\) and rebound to \(B\). [5]
CAIE Further Paper 3 2024 November Q7
4 marks Challenging +1.8
A particle \(P\) is projected with speed \(u\) at an angle \(\tan^{-1}\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\) on a horizontal plane and moves freely under gravity. When \(P\) is moving horizontally, it strikes a smooth inclined plane at the point \(A\). This plane is inclined to the horizontal at an angle \(\alpha\), and the line of greatest slope through \(A\) lies in the vertical plane through \(O\) and \(A\). As a result of the impact, \(P\) moves vertically upwards. The coefficient of restitution between \(P\) and the inclined plane is \(e\).
  1. Show that \(e\tan^2\alpha = 1\). [4]
CAIE Further Paper 3 2024 November Q7
6 marks Challenging +1.2
In its subsequent motion, the greatest height reached by \(P\) above \(A\) is \(\frac{3}{10}\) of the vertical height of \(A\) above the horizontal plane.
  1. Find the value of \(e\). [6]
CAIE Further Paper 3 2024 November Q7
4 marks Challenging +1.8
A particle \(P\) is projected with speed \(u\) at an angle \(\tan^{-1}\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\) on a horizontal plane and moves freely under gravity. When \(P\) is moving horizontally, it strikes a smooth inclined plane at the point \(A\). This plane is inclined to the horizontal at an angle \(\alpha\), and the line of greatest slope through \(A\) lies in the vertical plane through \(O\) and \(A\). As a result of the impact, \(P\) moves vertically upwards. The coefficient of restitution between \(P\) and the inclined plane is \(e\).
  1. Show that \(e \tan^2 \alpha = 1\). [4]
Edexcel M2 2002 January Q7
15 marks Standard +0.3
\includegraphics{figure_3} A rocket \(R\) of mass 100 kg is projected from a point \(A\) with speed 80 m s\(^{-1}\) at an angle of elevation of 60°, as shown in Fig. 3. The point \(A\) is 20 m vertically above a point \(O\) which is on horizontal ground. The rocket \(R\) moves freely under gravity. At \(B\) the velocity of \(R\) is horizontal. By modelling \(R\) as a particle, find
  1. the height in m of \(B\) above the ground, [4]
  2. the time taken for \(R\) to reach \(B\) from \(A\). [2]
When \(R\) is at \(B\), there is an internal explosion and \(R\) breaks into two parts \(P\) and \(Q\) of masses 60 kg and 40 kg respectively. Immediately after the explosion the velocity of \(P\) is 80 m s\(^{-1}\) horizontally away from \(A\). After the explosion the paths of \(P\) and \(Q\) remain in the plane \(OAB\). Part \(Q\) strikes the ground at \(C\). By modelling \(P\) and \(Q\) as particles,
  1. show that the speed of \(Q\) immediately after the explosion is 20 m s\(^{-1}\), [3]
  2. find the distance \(OC\). [6]
OCR MEI Further Mechanics Major Specimen Q10
14 marks Standard +0.3
In this question take \(g = 10\). A smooth ball of mass 0.1 kg is projected from a point on smooth horizontal ground with speed 65 m s\(^{-1}\) at an angle \(\alpha\) to the horizontal, where \(\tan\alpha = \frac{3}{4}\). While it is in the air the ball is modelled as a particle moving freely under gravity. The ball bounces on the ground repeatedly. The coefficient of restitution for the first bounce is 0.4.
  1. Show that the ball leaves the ground after the first bounce with a horizontal speed of 52 m s\(^{-1}\) and a vertical speed of 15.6 m s\(^{-1}\). Explain your reasoning carefully. [4]
  2. Calculate the magnitude of the impulse exerted on the ball by the ground at the first bounce. [2]
Each subsequent bounce is modelled by assuming that the coefficient of restitution is 0.4 and that the bounce takes no time. The ball is in the air for \(T_1\) seconds between projection and bouncing the first time, \(T_2\) seconds between the first and second bounces, and \(T_n\) seconds between the \((n-1)\)th and \(n\)th bounces.
    1. Show that \(T_1 = \frac{39}{5}\). [2]
    2. Find an expression for \(T_n\) in terms of \(n\). [2]
  1. According to the model, how far does the ball travel horizontally while it is still bouncing? [3]
  2. According to the model, what is the motion of the ball after it has stopped bouncing? [1]