Velocity direction at specific time/point

A question is this type if and only if it asks for the angle or direction of motion at a specified time, height, or position during flight.

16 questions · Standard +0.3

3.02i Projectile motion: constant acceleration model
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CAIE M2 2015 June Q2
5 marks Standard +0.3
2 A particle \(P\) is projected with speed \(V \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(60 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\) on horizontal ground. \(P\) is moving at an angle of \(45 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal at the instant 1.5 s after projection.
  1. Find \(V\).
  2. Hence calculate the horizontal and vertical displacements of \(P\) from \(O\) at the instant 1.5 s after projection.
CAIE M2 2013 November Q4
8 marks Standard +0.3
4 A small ball \(B\) is projected from a point \(O\) with speed \(14 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(60 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal.
  1. Calculate the speed and direction of motion of \(B\) for the instant 1.8 s after projection. The point \(O\) is 2 m above a horizontal plane.
  2. Calculate the time after projection when \(B\) reaches the plane.
CAIE M2 2018 November Q1
3 marks Standard +0.3
1 A small ball \(B\) is projected with speed \(38 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(30 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal from a point on horizontal ground. Find the speed of \(B\) when the path of \(B\) makes an angle of \(20 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal.
Edexcel M2 2012 June Q7
17 marks Standard +0.3
7. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{12cd7355-f632-4a84-825f-a269851c6ec4-12_602_1175_237_386} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 4}
\end{figure} A small stone is projected from a point \(O\) at the top of a vertical cliff \(O A\). The point \(O\) is 52.5 m above the sea. The stone rises to a maximum height of 10 m above the level of \(O\) before hitting the sea at the point \(B\), where \(A B = 50 \mathrm {~m}\), as shown in Figure 4. The stone is modelled as a particle moving freely under gravity.
  1. Show that the vertical component of the velocity of projection of the stone is \(14 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\).
  2. Find the speed of projection.
  3. Find the time after projection when the stone is moving parallel to \(O B\).
Edexcel M2 2015 June Q7
12 marks Standard +0.3
7. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{1822f86a-9089-44af-ab36-6006adfeb5b9-13_506_1379_287_280} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 3}
\end{figure} At time \(t = 0\), a particle is projected from a fixed point \(O\) on horizontal ground with speed \(u \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle \(\theta ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. The particle moves freely under gravity and passes through the point \(A\) when \(t = 4 \mathrm {~s}\). As it passes through \(A\), the particle is moving upwards at \(20 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal with speed \(15 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\), as shown in Figure 3.
  1. Find the value of \(u\) and the value of \(\theta\). At the point \(B\) on its path the particle is moving downwards at \(20 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal with speed \(15 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\).
  2. Find the time taken for the particle to move from \(A\) to \(B\). The particle reaches the ground at the point \(C\).
  3. Find the distance \(O C\).
OCR MEI M1 Q7
Standard +0.3
7 The trajectory ABCD of a small stone moving with negligible air resistance is shown in Fig. 7. AD is horizontal and BC is parallel to AD . The stone is projected from A with speed \(40 \mathrm {~ms} ^ { - 1 }\) at \(50 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{9a79f274-1a3f-4d11-9775-313d82075035-004_341_1107_484_498} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Fig. 7}
\end{figure}
  1. Write down an expression for the horizontal displacement from A of the stone \(t\) seconds after projection. Write down also an expression for the vertical displacement at time \(t\).
  2. Show that the stone takes 6.253 seconds (to three decimal places) to travel from A to D . Calculate the range of the stone. You are given that \(X = 30\).
  3. Calculate the time it takes the stone to reach B . Hence determine the time for it to travel from A to C.
  4. Calculate the direction of the motion of the stone at \(\mathbf { C }\). Section B (36 marks)
OCR M2 2012 January Q1
5 marks Moderate -0.8
1 A particle \(P\) is projected with speed \(40 \mathrm {~ms} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle of \(35 ^ { \circ }\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\). For the instant 3 s after projection, calculate the magnitude and direction of the velocity of \(P\).
OCR MEI M1 Q3
17 marks Standard +0.3
3 The trajectory ABCD of a small stone moving with negligible air resistance is shown in Fig. 7. AD is horizontal and BC is parallel to AD . The stone is projected from A with speed \(40 \mathrm {~ms} ^ { - 1 }\) at \(50 ^ { \circ }\) to the horizontal. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{4e0ddc86-c340-4057-bf3a-1c98587c3110-3_316_1032_583_504} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Fig. 7}
\end{figure}
  1. Write down an expression for the horizontal displacement from A of the stone \(t\) seconds after projection. Write down also an expression for the vertical displacement at time \(t\).
  2. Show that the stone takes 6.253 seconds (to three decimal places) to travel from A to D . Calculate the range of the stone. You are given that \(X = 30\).
  3. Calculate the time it takes the stone to reach B . Hence determine the time for it to travel from A to C.
  4. Calculate the direction of the motion of the stone at C .
CAIE M2 2017 June Q1
4 marks Standard +0.3
A particle is projected with speed \(20\,\text{m}\,\text{s}^{-1}\) at an angle of \(60°\) above the horizontal. Calculate the time after projection when the particle is descending at an angle of \(40°\) below the horizontal. [4]
CAIE M2 2017 June Q1
4 marks Standard +0.3
A particle is projected with speed \(20 \text{ ms}^{-1}\) at an angle of \(60°\) above the horizontal. Calculate the time after projection when the particle is descending at an angle of \(40°\) below the horizontal. [4]
CAIE M2 2018 June Q1
4 marks Moderate -0.8
A small ball \(B\) is projected from a point \(O\) on horizontal ground. The initial velocity of \(B\) has horizontal and vertically upwards components of \(18 \text{ ms}^{-1}\) and \(25 \text{ ms}^{-1}\) respectively. For the instant \(4 \text{ s}\) after projection, find the speed and direction of motion of \(B\). [4]
CAIE M2 2010 November Q7
10 marks Standard +0.3
\includegraphics{figure_7} A particle \(P\) is projected from a point \(O\) with initial speed \(10 \text{ m s}^{-1}\) at an angle of \(45°\) above the horizontal. \(P\) subsequently passes through the point \(A\) which is at an angle of elevation of \(30°\) from \(O\) (see diagram). At time \(t \text{ s}\) after projection the horizontal and vertically upward displacements of \(P\) from \(O\) are \(x \text{ m}\) and \(y \text{ m}\) respectively.
  1. Write down expressions for \(x\) and \(y\) in terms of \(t\), and hence obtain the equation of the trajectory of \(P\). [3]
  2. Calculate the value of \(x\) when \(P\) is at \(A\). [3]
  3. Find the angle the trajectory makes with the horizontal when \(P\) is at \(A\). [4]
CAIE M2 2014 November Q5
9 marks Standard +0.3
The equation of the trajectory of a small ball \(B\) projected from a fixed point \(O\) is $$y = -0.05x^2,$$ where \(x\) and \(y\) are, respectively, the displacements in metres of \(B\) from \(O\) in the horizontal and vertically upwards directions.
  1. Show that \(B\) is projected horizontally, and find its speed of projection. [3]
  2. Find the value of \(y\) when the direction of motion of \(B\) is \(60°\) below the horizontal, and find the corresponding speed of \(B\). [6]
CAIE Further Paper 3 2020 June Q6
6 marks Challenging +1.2
A particle \(P\) is projected with speed \(u\) at an angle \(\theta\) above the horizontal from a point \(O\) on a horizontal plane and moves freely under gravity. The direction of motion of \(P\) makes an angle \(\alpha\) above the horizontal when \(P\) first reaches three-quarters of its greatest height.
  1. Show that \(\tan \alpha = \frac{1}{2}\tan \theta\). [6]
CAIE Further Paper 3 2021 June Q7
5 marks Challenging +1.2
It is given that \(R = \frac{4H}{\sqrt{3}}\).
  1. Show that \(\theta = 60°\). [1]
It is given also that \(u = \sqrt{40}\) m s\(^{-1}\).
  1. Find, by differentiating the equation of the trajectory or otherwise, the set of values of \(x\) for which the direction of motion makes an angle of less than \(45°\) with the horizontal. [4]
OCR H240/03 2020 November Q11
13 marks Standard +0.3
\includegraphics{figure_11} A particle \(P\) moves freely under gravity in the plane of a fixed horizontal axis \(Ox\), which lies on horizontal ground, and a fixed vertical axis \(Oy\). \(P\) is projected from \(O\) with a velocity whose components along \(Ox\) and \(Oy\) are \(U\) and \(V\), respectively. \(P\) returns to the ground at a point \(C\).
  1. Determine, in terms of \(U\), \(V\) and \(g\), the distance \(OC\). [4] \includegraphics{figure_11b} \(P\) passes through two points \(A\) and \(B\), each at a height \(h\) above the ground and a distance \(d\) apart, as shown in the diagram.
  2. Write down the horizontal and vertical components of the velocity of \(P\) at \(A\). [2]
  3. Hence determine an expression for \(d\) in terms of \(U\), \(V\), \(g\) and \(h\). [3]
  4. Given that the direction of motion of \(P\) as it passes through \(A\) is inclined to the horizontal at an angle \(\theta\), where \(\tan \theta = \frac{1}{2}\), determine an expression for \(V\) in terms of \(g\), \(d\) and \(h\). [4]