Edexcel C2 2007 January — Question 2 6 marks

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModuleC2 (Core Mathematics 2)
Year2007
SessionJanuary
Marks6
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicBinomial Theorem (positive integer n)
TypeExpansion up to x^2 term
DifficultyEasy -1.2 This is a straightforward application of the binomial theorem for positive integer n=5, requiring only direct substitution into the formula and basic algebraic simplification. Part (b) involves simple polynomial multiplication and truncation, which is routine bookwork with no problem-solving element. Well below average difficulty for A-level.
Spec1.04a Binomial expansion: (a+b)^n for positive integer n

2. (a) Find the first 4 terms, in ascending powers of \(x\), of the binomial expansion of \(( 1 - 2 x ) ^ { 5 }\). Give each term in its simplest form.
(b) If \(x\) is small, so that \(x ^ { 2 }\) and higher powers can be ignored, show that $$( 1 + x ) ( 1 - 2 x ) ^ { 5 } \approx 1 - 9 x$$ DU

Question 2:
Part (a)
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMarks Guidance
\(1 - 10x\)B1 Must be seen in this simplified form in (a)
\((1-2x)^5 = 1 + 5\times(-2x) + \frac{5\times4}{2!}(-2x)^2 + \frac{5\times4\times3}{3!}(-2x)^3 + \ldots\)M1 Correct binomial structure with increasing powers of \(x\). Accept \(^5C_1\), \(\binom{5}{1}\). Condone invisible brackets and using \(2x\) instead of \(-2x\)
\(40x^2\)A1
\(-80x^3\)A1 Allow commas between terms. Allow recovery from invisible brackets
Part (b)
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMarks Guidance
\((1+x)(1-2x)^5 = (1+x)(1-10x+\ldots)\) \(= 1 + x - 10x + \ldots\)M1
\(\approx 1 - 9x\)A1
Question 2(b):
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMarks Guidance
Use answer from (a) and attempt to multiply out; terms in \(x^2\) or higher can be ignoredM1 If (a) correct, implied by correct answer e.g. \((1+x)(1-10x) = 1-9x\)
\(1 - 9x\)A1 Answer given in question
## Question 2:

### Part (a)

| Answer/Working | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $1 - 10x$ | B1 | Must be seen in this simplified form in (a) |
| $(1-2x)^5 = 1 + 5\times(-2x) + \frac{5\times4}{2!}(-2x)^2 + \frac{5\times4\times3}{3!}(-2x)^3 + \ldots$ | M1 | Correct binomial structure with increasing powers of $x$. Accept $^5C_1$, $\binom{5}{1}$. Condone invisible brackets and using $2x$ instead of $-2x$ |
| $40x^2$ | A1 | |
| $-80x^3$ | A1 | Allow commas between terms. Allow recovery from invisible brackets |

### Part (b)

| Answer/Working | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $(1+x)(1-2x)^5 = (1+x)(1-10x+\ldots)$ $= 1 + x - 10x + \ldots$ | M1 | |
| $\approx 1 - 9x$ | A1 | |

## Question 2(b):

| Answer/Working | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Use answer from (a) and attempt to multiply out; terms in $x^2$ or higher can be ignored | M1 | If (a) correct, implied by correct answer e.g. $(1+x)(1-10x) = 1-9x$ |
| $1 - 9x$ | A1 | Answer given in question |

---
2. (a) Find the first 4 terms, in ascending powers of $x$, of the binomial expansion of $( 1 - 2 x ) ^ { 5 }$. Give each term in its simplest form.\\
(b) If $x$ is small, so that $x ^ { 2 }$ and higher powers can be ignored, show that

$$( 1 + x ) ( 1 - 2 x ) ^ { 5 } \approx 1 - 9 x$$

DU\\

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel C2 2007 Q2 [6]}}